We have audited the accompanying Standalone Financial Statements of NTPC Limited ("The Company”), which comprise the Balance Sheetas at 31 March 2026, the Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), the Statement of Changes in Equity andthe Statement of Cash Flows for the year then ended and notes to the standalone financial statements, including a summary of the materialaccounting policies and other explanatory information for the year ended on that date (hereinafter referred to as "Standalone FinancialStatements”).
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid Standalone Financial Statementsgive the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act”) in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformitywith the Indian Accounting Standards prescribed under section 133 of the Act read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Rules, 2015, as amended, ("Ind AS”) and other accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs (financial position) ofthe Company as at 31 March, 2026, and its profit (financial performance including other comprehensive income), changes in equity and itscash flows for the year ended on that date.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing (SAs) specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilitiesunder those Standards are further described in the Auditors' Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements sectionof our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountantsof India together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements under the provisionsof the Act and the Rules made thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirementsand the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
We draw attention to the following matters in the notes to the Standalone Financial Statements:
(a) Related to a Business Transfer Agreement (BTA) dated 17 August 2023 as amended on 17 September 2025 with NTPC Mining Limited(NML), a wholly owned subsidiary of the company, was executed for hiving off its coal mining business at book value. Accordingly, fiveout of six coal mine businesses have been transferred during the current financial year. The balance one coal mine business has beentransferred with effect from 1 April 2026 to NML. (Refer Note No. 2(h))
(b) Related to accounting of revenue and expenses which were transferred to fly ash utilization reserve fund during the financial year2024-25 that has now been accounted for in line with the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions of Tariff)(Second Amendment) Regulations, 2026. Further, taking guidance from the principles of this amendment, the Company has alsoaccounted for the accumulated amount in the ash utilization reserve fund as at 1 April 2024 amounting to ? 902.81 crore, as non-tariffincome (NTI) to be shared with the beneficiaries. (Refer Note No. 24(d))
Our opinion is not modified in respect of the aforesaid matters.
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the Standalone FinancialStatements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements as awhole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. For each matter below, descriptionof how our audit addressed the matter is provided in that context. We have determined the matters described below to be the key auditmatters to be communicated in our report.
S. No.
Key Audit Matters
How our audit addressed the Key Audit Matters
1.
Recognition and Measurement of revenue from Sale ofEnergy
The company records revenue from sale of energy as per theprinciples enunciated under Ind AS 115, based on tariff approvedby the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) asmodified by the orders of Appellate Authorities. Pending issueof provisional/final tariff order w.e.f. 01 April 2024 capacitycharges has been provisionally recognised considering theapplicable CERC Tariff Regulations 2024.
This is considered as key audit matter due to the nature andextent of estimates made as per the CERC Tariff Regulations,which leads to recognition and measurement of revenue fromsale of energy being complex and judgemental.
(Refer Note No.38 to the Standalone Financial Statements, readwith the Material Accounting Policy No.C.12)
We have obtained an understanding of the CERC TariffRegulations, orders, circulars, guidelines and the Company'sinternal circulars and procedures in respect of recognition andmeasurement of revenue from sale of energy comprising ofcapacity and energy charges and adopted the following auditprocedures:
- Evaluated and tested the effectiveness of the Company'sdesign of internal controls relating to recognition andmeasurement of revenue from sale of energy.
- Examined the Company's material accounting policieswith respect to assessing compliance with Ind AS 115"Revenue from Contract with Customers”.
- Verified the accounting of revenue from sale of energybased on provisional/ final tariff computed as per theprinciples of CERC Tariff Regulations 2024.
- Assessed the disclosures in accordance with therequirements of Ind AS 115 "Revenue from Contract withCustomers”.
Based on the above procedures performed, therecognition,measurement and disclosures of revenue from saleof energy are considered to be adequate and reasonable.
2.
Impairment assessment of Property, Plant and Equipment(PPE)
The Company has a material operational asset base (PPE)relating to generation of electricity and is one of the componentsfor determining the tariff as per the CERC Tariff Regulations,which may be vulnerable to impairment.
We considered this as a key audit matter as the carrying valueof PPE requires impairment assessment based on the futureexpected cash flows associated with the power plants (Cashgenerating units).
(Refer Note No.60(a) to the Standalone Financial Statements,read with the Material Accounting Policy No. C.1 and C.16)
We have obtained an understanding and tested the designand operating effectiveness of controls as established by theCompany's management for impairment assessment of PPE.
We evaluated the Company's process of impairmentassessment in assessing the appropriateness of theimpairment model including the independent assessment ofdiscount rate, economic growth rate, terminal value etc.
We evaluated and checked the calculations of the cash flowforecasts prepared by the Company taking into considerationthe CERC (Terms and Conditions of Tariff) Regulations, 2024(applicable for the tariff period of 5 years from 1 April 2024 to31 March 2029) along with the aforementioned assumptions.
Based on the above procedures performed, we observed thatthe Company's impairment assessment of the PPE is adequateand reasonable.
3.
Deferred Tax Asset relating to MAT Credit Entitlement
The company has recognised deferred tax asset relating toMAT credit entitlement. Utilisation of MAT credit will result inlower outflow of Income Tax in future years.
The recoverability of this deferred tax asset relating to MATcredit entitlement is dependent upon the generation of sufficientfuture taxable profits to utilise such entitlement within thestipulated period prescribed under the Income Tax Act, 2025.
We have obtained an understanding for recognition of deferredtax asset relating to MAT credit entitlement including themanagement's judgement.
We further assessed the related forecasts of future taxableprofits and evaluated the reasonableness of the considerations/assumptions underlying the preparation of these forecasts.
Based on the above procedures performed, the recognitionand measurement of Deferred tax asset relating to MAT creditentitlement, is considered adequate and reasonable.
S. No. Key Audit Matters
We identified this as a key audit matter because of theimportance of this matter to the intended users of theStandalone Financial Statements and its materiality; andrequirement of judgement in forecasting future taxable profitsfor recognition of MAT credit entitlement considering therecoverability of such tax credits within allowed time frame asper the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 2025.
(Refer Note No. 29 & 53 to the Standalone Financial Statements,read with the Material Accounting Policy No. C.14)
4. Contingent Liabilities
There are a number of litigations pending before various forumsagainst the Company and the management's judgementis required for estimating the amount to be disclosed ascontingent liability.
We identified this as a key audit matter because the estimateson which these amounts are based involve a significant degreeof management judgement in interpreting the cases and it maybe subject to management bias.
(Refer Note No.73(A) to the Standalone Financial Statements,read with the Material Accounting Policy No. C.10)
We have obtained an understanding of the Company's internalinstructions and procedures in respect of estimation anddisclosure of contingent liabilities and adopted the followingaudit procedures:
- understood and tested the design and operatingeffectiveness of controls as established by themanagement for obtaining all relevant information forpending litigation cases;
- discussed with the management regarding any materialdevelopments thereto and latest status of legal matters;
- read various correspondences and related documentspertaining to litigation cases and relevant external legalopinions obtained by the management and performedsubstantive procedures on calculations supporting thedisclosure of contingent liabilities;
- examined management's judgements and assessmentsin respect of whether provisions are required;
- considered the management assessments of thosematters that are not disclosed as contingent liability sincethe probability of material outflow is considered to beremote;
- reviewed the appropriateness and adequacy of recognitionand disclosures as required in terms of the requirement ofInd AS 37;
Based on the above procedures performed, the estimationand disclosures of contingent liabilities are considered to beadequate and reasonable.
Information other than the Standalone Financial Statements and Auditors' Report thereon
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of the other information. The other information comprises the CorporateGovernance Report, and the information included in the Directors' Report including Annexures, Management Discussion and Analysis,Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report and other company related information (but does not include the Consolidated FinancialStatements and Standalone Financial Statements and our auditors' report thereon), which are expected to be made available to us after thedate of this auditors' report.
Our opinion on the Standalone Financial Statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form ofassurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements,our responsibility is to read the other information identified abovewhen it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether theother information is materially inconsistent with the StandaloneFinancial Statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, orotherwise appears to be materially misstated.
When we read other information, if we conclude that there is amaterial misstatement therein, we are required to communicatethe matter to those charged with governance and take appropriateactions, if required.
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the mattersstated in Section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparationand presentation of these Standalone Financial Statementsthat give a true and fair view of the financial position, financialperformance, total comprehensive income, changes in equity andcash flows of the Company in accordance with the accountingprinciples generally accepted in India, including the IndianAccounting Standards (Ind AS) prescribed under Section 133 of theAct read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules,2015 as amended. This responsibility also includes maintenanceof adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisionsof the Act for safeguarding the assets of the Company and forpreventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selectionand application of appropriate accounting policies; makingjudgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; anddesign, implementation and maintenance of adequate internalfinancial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring theaccuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevantto the preparation and presentation of the Standalone FinancialStatements, that give a true and fair view and are free from materialmisstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the Standalone Financial Statements, management isresponsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as agoing concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to goingconcern and using the going concern basis of accounting unlessmanagement either intends to liquidate the Company or to ceaseoperations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
The Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing theCompany's financial reporting process.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whetherthe Standalone Financial Statements as a whole are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issuean auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance
is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an auditconducted in accordance with SAs will always detect a materialmisstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud orerror and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate,they could reasonably be expected to influence the economicdecisions of users taken on the basis of these Standalone FinancialStatements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise professionaljudgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout theaudit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement ofthe Standalone Financial Statements, whether due to fraudor error, design and perform audit procedures responsive tothose risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient andappropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of notdetecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud ishigher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involvecollusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations,or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to theaudit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriatein the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act, weare also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether thecompany has adequate Internal Financial Controls system inplace and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies usedand the reasonableness of accounting estimates and relateddisclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management's use ofthe going concern basis of accounting and, based on theaudit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty existsrelated to events or conditions that may cast significant doubton the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If weconclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required todraw attention in our auditors' report to the related disclosuresin the Standalone Financial Statements or, if such disclosuresare inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions arebased on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of ourauditors' report. However, future events or conditions maycause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of theStandalone Financial Statements, including the disclosures,and whether the Standalone Financial Statements representthe underlying transactions and events in a manner thatachieves fair presentation.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding,among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the auditand significant audit findings, including any significant deficienciesin internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statementthat we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regardingindependence, and to communicate with them all relationshipsand other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on ourindependence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were of mostsignificance in the audit of the Standalone Financial Statementsof the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. Wedescribe these matters in our auditors' report unless law or regulationprecludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremelyrare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not becommunicated in our report because the adverse consequencesof doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the publicinterest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order, 2020("the Order”) issued by the Central Government of Indiain terms of Section 143(11) of the Act, and on the basis ofsuch checks of the books and records of the Company as weconsidered appropriate and according to the information andexplanations given to us, we give in "Annexure 1” a statementon the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the saidOrder, to the extent applicable.
2. We are enclosing our report in terms of Section 143(5) of theAct, on the basis of such checks of the books and records of theCompany as we considered appropriate and according to theinformation and explanations given to us, in the "Annexure 2”on the directions and sub-directions issued by the Comptrollerand Auditor General of India.
3. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the information andexplanations which to the best of our knowledge andbelief were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
(b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required bylaw have been kept by the Company so far as it appearsfrom our examination of those books.
(c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profit and Loss(including Other Comprehensive Income), the Statementof Changes in Equity and the Statement of Cash Flowsdealt with by this Report are in agreement with the booksof account.
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid Standalone FinancialStatements comply with the Indian Accounting Standardsprescribed under Section 133 of the Act read with theCompanies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015as amended.
(e) Being a Government Company pursuant to theNotification No. GSR 463(E) dated 5 June 2015 issuedby the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India,provisions of sub-section (2) of Section 164 of the Act,are not applicable to the Company.
(f) With respect to the adequacy of the Internal FinancialControls with reference to the Standalone FinancialStatement of the Company and the operatingeffectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate reportin "Annexure 3”.Our report expresses an opinion on theadequacy and operating effectiveness of the Company'sinternal financial controls over financial reporting.
(g) As per Notification No. GSR 463(E) dated 5 June 2015issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Governmentof India, Section 197 of the Act is not applicable to theGovernment Companies. Accordingly, reporting inaccordance with requirement of provisions of section197(16) of the Act is not applicable on the Company.
(h) With respect to the other matters to be included inthe Auditors' Report in accordance with Rule 11 of theCompanies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, as amended,in our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us:
I. The Company has disclosed the impact of pendinglitigations on its financial position in its StandaloneFinancial Statements. Refer Note No. 73(A)to theStandalone Financial Statements;
II. The Company has made provision, as required underthe applicable law or Indian accounting standards,for material foreseeable losses, if any, on long-termcontracts including derivative contracts.
III. There has been no delay in transferring unclaimedamount of dividend, however, there has been somedelay in transferring of unclaimed equity sharesrelated thereto, required to be transferred, to theInvestor Education and Protection Fund by theCompany.
IV. (a) The Management has represented that, to the
best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosedin the note no. 74(xvi)to the StandaloneFinancial Statements, no funds have beenadvanced or loaned or invested (either fromborrowed funds or share premium or any othersources or kind of funds) by the Company to orin any other person(s) or entity(ies), includingforeign entities ("Intermediaries”), with theunderstanding, whether recorded in writing orotherwise, that the Intermediary shall, directly
or indirectly lend or invest in other persons orentities identified in any manner whatsoeverby or on behalf of the Company ("UltimateBeneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee,security or the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries.
(b) The Management has represented, that, to thebest of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed inthe note no. 74(xvi) to the Standalone FinancialStatements, no funds have been received bythe Company from any person(s) or entity(ies),including foreign entities ("Funding Parties”),with the understanding, whether recorded inwriting or otherwise, that the Company shall,directly or indirectly, lend or invest in otherpersons or entities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of the FundingParty ("Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide anyguarantee, security or the like on behalf of theUltimate Beneficiaries.
(c) Based on the audit procedures performedthat have been considered reasonable andappropriate in the circumstances, nothinghas come to our notice that has caused usto believe that the representations under sub¬clause (i) and (ii) of Rule 11(e), as providedunder (a) and (b) above, contain any materialmisstatement.
V. As stated in Note 23 (c) to the Standalone FinancialStatements:
(a) The final dividend proposed for the previousyear, declared and paid by the Company duringthe year is in accordance with Section 123 ofthe Act, as applicable.
(b) Interim dividend declared and paid by theCompany during the year is in accordance withSection 123 of the Act.
(c) The Board of Directors of the Company hasproposed final dividend for the year which issubject to the approval of the members at theensuing Annual General Meeting. The amountof dividend proposed is in accordance withSection 123 of the Act to the extent it appliesto declaration of dividend.
VI. Based on our examination, which included testchecks, the Company has used accounting softwarefor maintaining its books of account for the financialyear ended 31 March,2026 which have a feature ofrecording audit trail (edit log) facility and the samehas operated throughout the year for all relevanttransactions recorded in the software. Further,during the course of our audit we did not comeacross any instance of the audit trail feature beingtampered with and the audit trail has been preservedby the company as per the statutory requirementsfor record retention.
For Vinod Kumar & Associates For Goyal Parul & Co. For M. C. Bhandari & Co.
Chartered Accountants Chartered Accountants Chartered Accountants
Firm Reg. No.002304N Firm Reg. No. 016750N Firm Reg. No. 303002E
(Jay Prakash Agarwal) (Parul Goyal) (Amit Biswas)
Partner Partner Partner
M No.542396 M. No.099172 M. No.052296
UDIN: 26542396LKRHHA5938 UDIN: 26099172SRNDUV5987 UDIN: 26052296THNCGR5453
For J K S S & Associates For Agasti & Associates For S.N. Kapur & Associates
Firm Reg. No. 006836C Firm Reg. No. 313043E Firm Reg. No. 001545C
(Himansu Sekhar Panigrahy) (Raj Kumar Agasti) (Avichal SN. Kapur)
M No. 530671 M.No.304920 M.No.400460
UDIN: 26530671LFDRDV6885 UDIN: 26304920HQIHIX8094 UDIN:26400460OWZJXG8699
Place : New DelhiDated : 23 May 2026Digitally signed by signatories