We have audited the accompanying financial statementsof SELAN EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY LIMITED (“theCompany"), which comprise the Balance Sheet as at 31stMarch 2025, and the Statement of Profit and Loss (includingOther Comprehensive Income), the Statement of Changesin Equity and the Statement of Cash Flows for the year thenended, and notes to the financial statements, includinga summary of significant accounting policies and otherexplanatory information (hereinafter referred to as "thefinancial statements").
In our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us, the aforesaidfinancial statements give the information required by theCompanies Act, 2013, as amended, (“the Act") in the mannerso required and give a true and fair view in conformity withthe accounting principles generally accepted in India, of thestate of affairs (financial position) of the Company as at 31stMarch 2025, profit (financial performance including othercomprehensive income), changes in equity and its cash flowsfor the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit of the financial statements inaccordance with the Standards on Auditing (SAs) specifiedunder section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilitiesunder those SAs are further described in the "Auditor'sResponsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements"section of our report. We are independent of the Company inaccordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Instituteof Chartered Accountants of India (“ICAI") together with theethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of thefinancial statements under the provisions of the Act and theRules made thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethicalresponsibilities in accordance with these requirements andthe ICAI's Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidencewe have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide abasis for our opinion on the financial statements.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professionaljudgment, were of most significance in our audit of thefinancial statements of the current period. These matterswere addressed in the context of our audit of the financialstatements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon,and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.We have determined the matter described below to be thekey audit matter to be communicated in our report.
Key Audit Matter
Auditor's Response
Impairment of Development of Hydrocarbon Properties
The Company is carrying un-amortized Development ofHydrocarbon Properties of ?31,237.89 Lakhs as on 31st March, 2025.Recoverability of such unamortized Development of HydrocarbonProperties has been identified as a key audit matter due to:
• The significance of the carrying value of the assets beingassessed;
• The assessment of the recoverable amount of the Company'sCash Generating Unit (CGUs) involved significant judgementsabout future cashflow forecasts and the discount rates applied;and
• The estimation of oil and natural gas reserves is a significantarea of judgement due to the technical uncertainty involvedand this has a substantial impact on impairment testing.
Given the inherent complexity and magnitude of potential exposuresand the judgement necessary to estimate the amounts of impairmentprovisions required or to determine required disclosures, this is a keyaudit matter.
Our audit procedure in response to this key Audit Matter included,among others,
• We tested the effectiveness of internal controls over theCompany's process in estimating the oil and gas reserves,the completeness and accuracy of the input data used andthe reasonableness of key assumptions considered in theimpairment evaluation including the lease period includingextension, future oil and gas prices.
• We obtained the impairment working prepared by the Companyand performed the following procedures:
a. Assessed the valuation methodology used bymanagement, evaluated the appropriateness ofmanagement identification of the CGUs and tested thearithmetical accuracy of the impairment calculations.
b. Conducted corroborative inquiries with the Companypersonnel, including internal reserve experts, to identifyfactors, if any, which should be considered in the analysis.
c. We tested the key assumptions used in the assessmentincluding reserve estimate, lease period and chances ofextension of lease period, oil and gas prices by comparingthem with prior year's data and external data, whererelevant.
d. Assessed the reasonableness of the discount rates used.
e. We verified the estimated future capital and operational
costs, by comparing the same with the approved budgetsand the production forecasts.
• Review of the adequacy of the disclosures in the notes to the
financial statements.
Information Other than the Financial Statements andAuditor's Report Thereon
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for thepreparation of the other information. The other informationcomprises the information included in the annual report butdoes not include the financial statements and our auditor'sreport thereon. The annual report is expected to be madeavailable to us after the date of this auditor's report.
Our opinion on the financial statements does not coverthe other information and we do not express any form ofassurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements,our responsibility is to read the other information identifiedabove when it becomes available and, in doing so, considerwhether the other information is materially inconsistent withthe financial statements or our knowledge obtained in theaudit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. Whenwe read the annual report, if we conclude that there is amaterial misstatement therein, we required to communicatethe matter to those charged with governance.
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged withGovernance for the Financial Statements
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for thematters stated in Section 134(5) of the Act with respect tothe preparation of these financial statements that give a trueand fair view of the financial position, financial performanceincluding other comprehensive income, changes in equityand cash flows of the Company in accordance with theaccounting principles generally accepted in India, includingthe Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified underSection 133 of the Act. This responsibility also includesmaintenance of adequate accounting records in accordancewith the provisions of the Act for safeguarding the assets ofthe Company and for preventing and detecting frauds andother irregularities; selection and application of appropriateaccounting policies; making judgments and estimates thatare reasonable and prudent;and design, implementationand maintenance of adequate internal financial controls,that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracyand completeness of the accounting records, relevant tothe preparation and presentation of the financial statementsthat give a true and fair view and are free from materialmisstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directorsis responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continueas a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters relatedto going concern and using the going concern basis ofaccounting unless the Board of Directors either intendsto liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has norealistic alternative but to do so.
The Company's Board of Directors is also responsible foroverseeing the Company's financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the FinancialStatements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether the financial statements as a whole are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and toissue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonableassurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guaranteethat an audit conducted in accordance with SAs will alwaysdetect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatementscan arise from fraud or error and are considered material if,individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably beexpected to influence the economic decisions of users takenon the basis of these financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exerciseprofessional judgment and maintain professional skepticismthroughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatementof the financial statements, whether due to fraud orerror, design and perform audit procedures responsiveto those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficientand appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The riskof not detecting a material misstatement resulting fromfraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraudmay involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions,misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant tothe audit in order to design audit procedures that areappropriate in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible for expressingour opinion on whether the Company has adequateinternal financial controls with reference to the financialstatements in place and the operating effectiveness ofsuch controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policiesused and the reasonableness of accounting estimatesand related disclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management's useof the going concern basis of accounting and, basedon the audit evidence obtained, whether a materialuncertainty exists related to events or conditions thatmay cast significant doubt on the Company's abilityto continue as a going concern. If we conclude that amaterial uncertainty exists, we are required to drawattention in our auditor's report to the related disclosuresin the financial statements or, if such disclosures areinadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions arebased on the audit evidence obtained up to the date ofour auditor's report. However, future events or conditionsmay cause the Company to cease to continue as a goingconcern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and contentof the financial statements, including the disclosures,and whether the financial statements represent theunderlying transactions and events in a manner thatachieves fair presentation.
We communicate with those charged with governanceregarding, among other matters, the planned scope andtiming of the audit and significant audit findings, includingany significant deficiencies in internal control that we identifyduring our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with astatement that we have complied with relevant ethicalrequirements regarding independence, and to communicatewith them all relationships and other matters that mayreasonably be thought to bear on our independence, andwhere applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were of mostsignificance in the audit of the financial statements of thecurrent period and are therefore the key audit matters. Wedescribe these matters in our auditor's report unless law orregulation precludes public disclosure about the matter orwhen, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that amatter should not be communicated in our report becausethe adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably beexpected to outweigh the public interest benefits of suchcommunication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order,2020 ("the Order") issued by the Central Government ofIndia in terms of sub-section (11) of section 143 of theAct, we give in "Annexure A" a statement on the matters
specified in the paragraphs 3 and 4 of the said Order, to
the extent applicable.
2. As required by section 143(3) of the Act, we report that:
a. We have sought and obtained all the information andexplanations which to the best of our knowledge andbelief were necessary for the purposes of our auditof the aforesaid financial statements;
b. In our opinion, proper books of account as requiredby law have been kept by the Company so far as itappears from our examination of those books;
c. The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profit andLoss (including other comprehensive income), theStatement of Changes in Equity and the Statementof Cash Flows dealt with by this report are inagreement with the books of account;
d. In our opinion, the aforesaid financial statementscomply with the Indian Accounting Standards (IndAS) specified under section 133 of the Act, read withrelevant rules issued thereunder;
e. On the basis of written representations receivedfrom the directors as on 31st March, 2025 takenon record by the Board of Directors, none of thedirectors is disqualified as on 31st March, 2025 frombeing appointed as a director in terms of section164(2) of the Act;
f. With respect to the adequacy of the internal financialcontrols with reference to financial statements of theCompany and the operating effectiveness of suchcontrols, refer to our separate report in "AnnexureB";
g. With respect to the other matters to be includedin the Auditor's Report in accordance with therequirements of section 197(16) of the Act, asamended:
In our opinion and to the best of our informationand according to the explanations given to us, theremuneration paid by the Company to its directorsduring the year is in accordance with the provisionsof section 197 of the Act.
h. With respect to the other matters to be included inthe Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 ofthe Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014,as amended, in our opinion and to the best of ourinformation and according to the explanations givento us:
i. The Company has disclosed the impact ofpending litigations as at 31st March, 2025 onits financial position in its financial statements- Refer Note 40(B) to the financial statements;
ii. The Company did not have any long-termcontracts including derivative contracts forwhich there were any material foreseeablelosses.
iii. There has been no delay in transferring amounts,required to be transferred, to the InvestorEducation and Protection Fund by the Companyduring the year ended 31st March, 2025 inaccordance with the relevant provisions of theAct and Rules made there under.
iv.
a. The management has represented that,to the best of its knowledge and belief,other than as disclosed in the notes to theaccounts, no funds (which are materialeither individually or in the aggregate) havebeen advanced or loaned or invested (eitherfrom borrowed funds or share premiumor any other sources or kind of funds) bythe Company to or in any other personsor entities, including foreign entities("Intermediaries"), with the understanding,whether recorded in writing or otherwise,that the Intermediary shall, directly orindirectly lend or invest in other persons orentities identified in any manner whatsoeverby or on behalf of the Company ("UltimateBeneficiaries") or provide any guarantee,security or the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries (Refer Note 56.4 - (i) to thefinancial statements);
b. The management has represented, that,to the best of it's knowledge and belief,other than as disclosed in the notes to theaccounts, no funds (which are materialeither individually or in the aggregate) havebeen received by the Company from anypersons or entities, including foreign entities("Funding Parties"), with the understanding,whether recorded in writing or otherwise,that the Company shall, directly or indirectly,lend or invest in other persons or entitiesidentified in any manner whatsoever by oron behalf of the Funding Party ("UltimateBeneficiaries") or provide any guarantee,security or the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries (Refer Note 56.4 - (ii) to thefinancial statements); and
c. Based on such audit procedures performed
that we have considered reasonable andappropriate in the circumstances, nothinghas come to our notice that has caused usto believe that the representations undersub-clause (a) and (b) contain any materialmis-statement.
v. The Company has not declared or paid anydividend during the year and has not proposedfinal dividend for the year.
vi. Based on our examination which included testchecks, the Company has used accountingsoftware for maintaining its books of account forthe financial year ended 31st March, 2025 whichhas a feature of recording audit trail (edit log)facility and the same has operated throughoutthe year for all relevant transactions recorded inthe software. Further, during the course of auditwe did not come across any instance of audit trailfeature being tempered with and the Companyhas preserved the audit trail in accordance withstatutory record retention requirements.
Place: Kolkata For V. Sankar Aiyar & Co.
Dated: 09th May, 2025 Chartered Accountants
(Firm Regn. No.: 109208W)
PUNEET KUMAR KHANDELWAL
Partner (M. No:429967)
UDIN: 25429967BMJUXW4215