2.9 Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingentassets
Provisions are recognized only when:
• an entity has a present obligation (legal or constructive)as a result of a past event; and
• it is probable that an outflow of resources embodyingeconomic benefits will be required to settle theobligation; and
• a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of theobligation
Provisions are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date andadjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Further, long-term provisions are determined bydiscounting the expected future cash flows specific to theliability. The unwinding of the discount is recognized asfinance cost. A provision for onerous contracts is measuredat the present value of the lower of the expected costof terminating the contract and the expected net costof continuing with the contract. Before a provision isestablished, the Company recognizes any impairment losson the assets associated with that contract.
Contingent liability is disclosed in case of:
• a present obligation arising from past events, whenit is not probable that an outflow of resources will berequired to settle the obligation; and
• a present obligation arising from past events, when noreliable estimate is possible.
Contingent assets are not recognized in the financialstatements.
2.10 Commitments
Commitments are future liabilities for contractualexpenditure, classified and disclosed as follows:
• estimated amount of contracts remaining to beexecuted on capital account and not provided for;
• uncalled liability on loan sanctioned and oninvestments partly paid; and
• other non-cancellable commitments, if any, to theextent they are considered material and relevant inthe opinion of management.
2.11 Foreign exchange transactions and translationsInitial recognition:
Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at theprevailing exchange rates between the reporting currencyand a foreign currency on the transaction date. On initialrecognition, transactions in foreign currencies enteredinto by the Company are recorded in the functionalcurrency (i.e., Indian Rupees), by applying to the foreigncurrency amount, the spot exchange rate between thefunctional currency and foreign currency at the date ofthe transaction. Exchange differences arising on foreignexchange transactions settled during the year arerecognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Foreign currency monetary items of the Companyare translated at the closing exchange rates.Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost ina foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rateat the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items that aremeasured at fair value in a foreign currency, are translatedusing the exchange rates at the date when the fair valueis measured. When any non-monetary foreign currencyitem is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income, gainor loss on exchange fluctuation is also recorded in OtherComprehensive Income. Exchange differences arising outof these translations are recognized in the Statement ofProfit and Loss.
2.12 Revenue recognition
Revenue (other than those items to which Ind AS 109Financial Instruments is applicable) is measured basedon the consideration specified in the contracts with thecustomers. Amounts disclosed as revenue are net ofgoods and services tax ('GST') and amounts collected onbehalf of third parties. Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts
with customers outlines a single comprehensive modelof accounting for revenue arising from contracts withcustomers.
The Company recognizes revenue from contracts withcustomers based on a five-step model as set out inInd AS 115.
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probablethat the economic benefits will flow to the Company andthe revenue can be reliably measured and there existsreasonable certainty of its recovery. Revenue is measuredat the fair value of the consideration received or receivableas reduced for estimated customer credits and othersimilar allowances.
Interest income on financial asset at amortized costis recognized on a time proportion basis taking intoaccount the amount outstanding and the effectiveinterest rate ('EIR'). Interest Income is recognizedin the statement of Profit and Loss using effectiveinterest rate (EIR) on all financial assets subsequentlymeasured under amortized cost or fair value throughOther Comprehensive income (FVTOCI) except forthose classified as held for trading.
The calculation of EIR includes all fees paid orreceived between parties to the contract that areincremental and directly attributable to the specificlending arrangement, transaction costs, and all otherpremiums or discounts. For financial assets at FVTPLtransaction costs are recognized in Profit or Loss atinitial recognition.
The interest income is calculated by applying the EIRto the gross carrying amount of non-credit impairedfinancial assets (i.e., at the amortized cost of thefinancial asset before adjusting for any expectedcredit loss allowance). For credit- impaired financialassets the interest income is calculated by applyingthe EIR to the amortized cost of the credit-impairedfinancial assets. For financial assets originated orpurchased credit-impaired (POCI) the EIR reflectsECLs in determining the future cash flows expectedto be received from the financial asset.
Interest income on penal interest and tax refunds isrecognized on receipt basis.
Interest income on fixed deposit is recognized ontime proportionate basis.
Fee and commission income include fees other than thosethat are an integral part of EIR. Income from consultancyand commission is recognized on completion of relevantactivity based on agreed terms of the contract.
Cheque bouncing charges, late payment charges andforeclosure charges are recognized on a point-in-timebasis and are recorded when realized since the probabilityof collecting such monies is established when thecustomer pays.
d) Dividend income
Dividend income is recognized when the Company's rightto receive dividend is established by the reporting dateand no significant uncertainty as to collectability exists.
Gains or losses on the sale of securities are recognized inStatement of Profit and Loss on trade date basis as thedifference between fair value of the consideration receivedand carrying amount of the investment securities.
Any differences between the fair values of the financialassets classified at fair value through the Profit or Loss,held by the Company on the Balance Sheet date isrecognized as an unrealized gain/loss in the Statement ofProfit and Loss. In cases there is a net gain in aggregate,the same is recognized in "Net gains on fair value changes"under income and if there is net loss in aggregate, thesame is recognized in "Net loss on fair value changes"under expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
It comprises of income arising from the buying andselling of foreign currencies on the net margins earned,commissions on sale of foreign currency denominatedprepaid cards and agency commissions from on currencyremittances. Revenue from financial services arerecognized by reference to the time of services rendered.
h) Income from de-recognition of assets:
Gains arising out of de-recognition transactions comprisethe difference between the interest on the loan portfolioand the applicable rate at which the transaction is enteredinto with the transferee, also known as the right of excessinterest spread (EIS). The future EIS basis the scheduledcash flows on execution of the transaction, discountedat the applicable rate entered into with the transferee
is recorded upfront in the statement of Profit and Loss.EIS is evaluated and adjusted for expected prepaymentand other factors.
2.13 Employee Benefits
Employee benefits falling due wholly within twelvemonths of rendering the service are classified asshort-term employee benefits and are expensed in theperiod in which the employee renders the related service.Liabilities recognized in respect of short-term employeebenefits are measured at the undiscounted amount ofthe benefits expected to be paid in exchange for therelated service.
Company's net obligation in respect of long-termemployee benefits is the amount of future benefit thatemployees have earned in return for their service in thecurrent and prior periods. Long-term employee benefitprimarily consists of Leave encashment benefits whereinemployees are entitled to accumulate leave subjectto certain limits for future encashment/availment.Long-term compensated absences are provided for onthe basis of an actuarial valuation at the end of eachfinancial year using Projected Unit Credit (PUC) Method.Actuarial gains/losses, if any, are recognized immediatelyin the statement of Profit and Loss.
Provident fund: Contributions as required underthe statute, made to the Provident Fund (DefinedContribution Plan) are recognized immediately in theStatement of Profit and Loss. There is no obligationother than the monthly contribution payable to theRegional Provident Fund Commissioner.
ESIC and Labour welfare fund: The Company'scontribution paid/payable during the year toEmployee state insurance scheme and Labourwelfare fund are recognized in the Statement ofProfit and Loss.
Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation andis provided on the basis of an actuarial valuationperformed by an independent actuary based onprojected unit credit method, at the end of eachfinancial year.
i. Service cost (including current service cost,past service cost, as well as gains and losses oncurtailments and settlements)
ii. Net interest expense or income
iii. Re-measurement
Re-measurements of the net defined benefit liability,which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return onplan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the assetceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognized in OCI,net of taxes. The Company determines the net interestexpense (income) on the net defined benefit liability(asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used tomeasure the defined benefit obligation at the beginningof the annual period to the net defined benefit liability(asset), taking into account any changes in the net definedbenefit liability (asset) during the period as a result ofcontributions and benefit payments. Net interest expenseand other expenses related to defined benefit plans arerecognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.
The Company's net obligation in respect of gratuity(defined benefit plan), is calculated by estimating theamount of future benefit that the employees haveearned in the current and prior periods, discounting thatamount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets.The retirement benefit obligation recognized in theBalance Sheet represents the actual deficit or surplus in theCompany's defined benefit plans. Any surplus resultingfrom this calculation is recognized as an asset to the extentof present value of any economic benefits available in theform of refunds from the plans or reductions in the futurecontribution to the plans.
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees arerecognized as an expense at the fair value of equity stockoptions at the grant date. The fair value of the options hasbeen determined under the Black-Scholes model. The fairvalue of the options is treated as discount and accountedas employee compensation cost over the vesting periodon a straight-line basis. The amount recognized as expensein each year is arrived at based on the number of grantsexpected to vest.
2.14 Finance Cost
Finance costs include interest expense computedby applying the effective interest rate on respectivefinancial instruments measured at amortized cost.
Financial instruments include bank term loans, Vehicleloans and non-convertible debentures. Finance costs arecharged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Ancillary andother borrowing costs are amortized on straight line basisover the tenure of the underlying loan.
2.15 Leases
The Company's lease asset primarily consists of Premiseson leases. The Company at the inception of a contract,assesses whether the contract is a lease or not lease.A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveysthe right to control use of an identified asset for a time inexchange for consideration.
The Company evaluates each contract or arrangement,whether it qualifies as lease as defined under Ind AS 116.
The Company as a lessee assesses, whether the contractis, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease ifthe contract involves:
a) the use of an identified asset,
b) the right to obtain substantially all the economicbenefits from use of the identified asset, and
c) the right to direct the use of the identified asset.
The Company at the inception of the lease contractrecognizes a Right-of-Use (RoU) asset at cost and acorresponding lease liability, for all lease arrangements inwhich it is a lessee, except for leases with term of less thantwelve months (short term) and low-value assets.
Certain lease arrangements include the options to extendor terminate the lease before the end of the lease term.ROU assets and lease liabilities includes these optionswhen it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised.
The cost of the ROU assets comprises the amount ofthe initial measurement of the lease liability, any leasepayments made at or before the inception date of thelease plus any initial direct costs, less any lease incentivesreceived. Subsequently, the right-of-use assets ismeasured at cost less any accumulated depreciation andaccumulated impairment losses, if any. The ROU assetsare depreciated using the straight-line method from thecommencement date over the shorter of lease term oruseful life of ROU assets.
ROU assets are evaluated for recoverability wheneverevents or changes in circumstances indicate that theircarrying amounts may not be recoverable. For thepurpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount(i.e., the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and thevalue-in use) is determined on an individual asset basisunless the asset does not generate cash flows that arelargely independent of those from other assets. In suchcases, the recoverable amount is determined for the CashGenerating Unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.
For lease liabilities at inception, the Company measuresthe lease liability at the present value of the lease paymentsthat are not paid at that date. The lease payments arediscounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, ifthat rate is readily determined. If that rate is not readilydetermined, the lease payments are discounted using theincremental borrowing rate.
The Company recognizes the amount of there-measurement of lease liability as an adjustment tothe ROU assets. Where the carrying amount of the ROUassets is reduced to zero and there is a further reductionin the measurement of the lease liability, the Companyrecognizes any remaining amount of the re-measurementin the Statement of Profit and Loss. For short-term and lowvalue leases, the Company recognizes the lease paymentsas an operating expense on a straight-line basis over thelease term.
2.16 Collateral
To mitigate its credit risks on financial assets, the Companyseeks to use collateral, where possible. The collateralcomes in various forms, such as securities, letter of credit/guarantees, receivables, inventories, other non-financialassets and credit enhancements such as nettingarrangements.
The Company provides fully secured, partially secured andunsecured loans to corporate and individuals.
2.17 Income Tax
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currentlypayable and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax arerecognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, exceptwhen they relate to items that are recognized in OtherComprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case,the current and deferred tax are also recognized in OtherComprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
The current tax is based on the taxable profit for theyear of the Company. Taxable Profit differs from 'Profitbefore tax' as reported in the Statement of Profit andLoss because of items of income or expense that aretaxable or deductible in other years and items that are
never taxable or deductible. The current tax is calculatedusing applicable tax rates that have been enacted orsubstantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differencesbetween the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities inthe Company's financial statements and the correspondingtax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized forall taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assetsare generally recognized for all deductible temporarydifferences to the extent that it is probable that taxableprofits will be available against which those deductibletemporary differences can be utilized. Such deferred taxassets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporarydifference arises from the initial recognition of assets andliabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxableprofit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxabletemporary differences associated with investmentsin subsidiaries, except where the Company is able tocontrol the reversal of temporary difference and it isprobable that the temporary difference will not reversein the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arisingfrom deductible temporary differences associated withsuch investments and interests are only recognized tothe extent that it is probable that there will be sufficienttaxable profits against which to utilize the benefits of thetemporary differences and they are expected to reverse inthe foreseeable future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewedat the end of each reporting period and reduced to theextent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxableprofits will be available to allow all or part of the assets tobe recovered.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the taxrates that are expected to apply in the period in which theliability is settled or the asset is realized, based on tax rates(and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantivelyenacted by the end of the reporting period.
Tax assets and tax liabilities are offset when there isa legally enforceable right to set off the recognizedamounts and there is an intention to settle the asset andthe liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferredtax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceableright to set off tax assets against tax liabilities.
2.18 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing thenet profit or loss for the year attributable to equityshareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by theweighted average number of equity shares outstandingduring the year.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share,the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equityshareholders and the weighted average number of sharesoutstanding during the period are adjusted for the effectsof all dilutive potential equity shares.
2.19 Segment Reporting
The Board of Directors of the Company has identifiedChief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) as defined byInd AS 108, "Operating Segments". Operating segmentsare reported in a manner consistent with the internalreporting provided to the CODM. The accountingpolicies adopted for segment reporting are in conformitywith the accounting policies adopted at Companylevel. Revenue and expenses have been identifiedto segments on the basis of their relationship to theoperating activities of the segment Income / costs whichrelate to the Company as a whole and are not allocableto segments on a reasonable basis have been includedunder Unallocated Income / Costs.
Operating segments identified by the Companycomprises as under:
- Lending activities
- Forex services including MTSS business.
2.20 Dividend Distribution to equity holders ofthe Company
The Company recognizes a liability to make distributionsto equity holders of the Company when the distribution
is authorized and the distribution is no longer at thediscretion of the Company. As per the Act, final dividendis authorized when it is approved by the shareholders andinterim dividend is authorized when it is approved by theBoard of Directors of the Company.
2.21 Goods and Service Tax
Goods and Services tax input credit is accounted for inthe books in the period in which the supply of goods orservice is received and when there is no uncertainty inavailing/ utilizing the credits.
2.22 Recent accounting pronouncements
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs ('MCA') notifies newstandards or amendments to the existing standardsunder the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time.
For the year ended March 31,2026 the MCA has notifiedamendments to
- Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements andInd AS 7, Statement of Cash Flows and Ind AS 107,Financial Instruments: Disclosures amendmentsrelating to Classification of liabilities as currentor non-current and non-current liabilities withCovenants and Disclosure of supplier financearrangements, applicable to the Company, w.e.f.,April 1,2025.
- Ind AS 21 - The Effects of Changes in ForeignExchange Rates, applicable w.e.f. April 1,2025.
The Company has reviewed the amendment and basedon its evaluation has determined that it does not haveany significant impact on its financial statements.
i) Based on assessment, no impairment loss has been recognised for the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
ii) Investment in mutual fund as on 31st March, 2026 includes Liquid, Money Market and Ultra Short Term schemes of DebtMutual Fund and as on 31st March, 2025 includes Overnight, Money Market schemes of Debt Mutual Fund.
iii) Refer Note 43 for Related party transactions.
iv) The Company has sold its entire stake of 99.82% in Capital India Home Loans Limited (CIHL) to Weaver Services PrivateLimited. CIHL has ceased to be a subsidiary of the Company with effect from 11th August, 2025.
Non convertible debentures is redeemable at par and carry a bullet repayment term with a tenure of three years.
Non convertible debentures are secured by way of pari passu charge through hypothecation on standard loan receivablesof the Company to the extent of 1.10 times.
iii) There are no non convertible debentures measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) and Fairvalue through profit and Loss (FVTPL).
iv) There are no non convertible debentures guaranteed by Directors, Promoters, Key managerial personnel (KMPs) and/ orthe related parties as at 31st March, 2026 and as at 31st March, 2025.
v) The Company has not defaulted in repayment of dues during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
vi) The Company has submitted periodic statements of security cover, which are in agreement with books of account.
v) The Company has not defaulted in repayment of principal and interest during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and31st March, 2025.
vi) The rate of interest on the above borrowings vary from 8.55% p.a. to 11.15% p.a. as at 31st March, 2026 and vary from7.90% p.a. to 11.65% p.a. as at 31st March,2025.
vii) The residual tenure on the above borrowings is upto 5 years.
viii) There are no unsecured borrowings as at 31st March, 2026 and as at 31st March, 2025.
ix) The Company has submitted periodic statements of security cover with banks or financial institutions and others, whichare in agreement with books of account.
x) The Company has utilised the borrowed funds for purposes for which it was availed.
xi) The Company does not have any charge creation or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with Registrar of Companiesbeyond the statutory period as applicable, for borrowings.
Note: The members vide resolution passed through postal ballot on 29th January, 2025, have approved the sub-division / splitof equity share of the Company from face value of Rs. 10/- each to face value of Rs. 2/- each. The record date for the sub-division/ split of equity shares was 17th February, 2025.
The Company has only one type of equity shares having par value of Rs. 2. All shares rank pari passu with respect to dividend,voting rights and other terms. Each shareholder is entitled to one vote per share. The dividend proposed, if any, by the Boardof Directors is subject to approval of shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend.The repayment of equity share capital in the event of liquidation and buy back of shares are possible subject to prevalentregulations. In the event of liquidation, normally the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of thecompany after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their holdings.
e. The Company has not reserved any shares for issues under options and contracts / commitments for the sale during the yearended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
f. The Company has not issued bonus shares or shares for consideration other than cash during the year ended 31st March, 2026and 31st March, 2025.
g. Details of the shares reserved for issue under Employee Stock Options Plan (ESOP) of the Company are disclosed in Note No. 45.
h. The Company has not bought back any of its securities.
i. There is no share application money pending allotment and no money received against share warrant.
j. There is no compound financial instrument having equity component.
k. The Company has not:
(i) Issued any securities convertible into equity / preference shares
(ii) Issued any shares where calls are unpaid
(iii) Forfeited any shares
The amount received in excess of face value of the equity shares is recognised in Securities Premium Account. In caseof equity-settled share based payment transactions, the difference between fair value on grant date and nominal valueof share is accounted as securities premium account. The account is utilised in accordance with the provisions of theCompanies Act 2013.
iii) . Employee stock option outstanding account:
The reserve is used to recognise the fair value of the options issued to employees of the Company and subsidiarycompanies under Company's employee stock option scheme.
Under the erstwhile Companies Act 1956, general reserve was created through an annual transfer of net incomeat a specified percentage in accordance with applicable regulations. Consequent to introduction of CompaniesAct 2013, the requirements is not mandatory to transfer a specified percentage of the net profit to general reserve.However, the amount previously transferred to the general reserve can be utilised only in accordance with the specificrequirements of Companies Act, 2013.
Retained earnings represents surplus/accumulated earnings of the Company and are available for distribution toshareholders.
The Company recognises change on account of remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability (asset) as part of othercomprehensive income.
i). Statutory Reserve under Section 45-IC of the RBI Act, 1934:
The Company created a reserve pursuant to section 45-IC the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 by transferring amountnot less than twenty per cent of its net profit every year as disclosed in the Statement of Profit and Loss and before anydividend is declared.
A Forward Cover Outstanding
The Company uses forward exchange contract to hedge against its foreign currency exposures related to underlying transactionand firm commitments.
The Company does not enter into any derivatives instruments for trading or speculative purpose.
The Company has not undertaken any currency options/futures transaction during the financial year ended 31st March, 2026and 31st March, 2025.
The forward exchange contracts outstandings as at 31st March, 2026 are as under currency exchnage USD/INR
a) Number of Sale Contracts: Nil (31st March, 2025 : 1)
b) Aggregate Amount: Rs. Nil (31st March, 2025: Rs. 128.67 Lakhs)
lending business includes (i) interest income and (ii) fees income. Forex services comprises of overseas remittances, foreigncurrency prepaid travel card, Money Transfer Service Scheme ("MTSS"), import and export foreign currency notes.
38 Dividend distribution to equity shareholders
The Board of Directors, at its meeting held on 20th May, 2026, has not recommended any dividend for the financial year 2025-26.
For the financial year 2024-25, the Board of Directors, at its meeting held on 14th May, 2025, had recommended a dividendof 1% on the face value of Rs. 2 per equity share. The same was approved by the shareholders at the Annual General Meetingheld on 25th September, 2025.
Since the business operations of the Company are primarily concentrated in India, the Company is considered to operate onlyin the domestic segment and therefore there is no reportable geographic segment.
c) Segment Revenue and Expense
Revenue and expenses have been identified to a segment on the basis of relationship to operating activities of the segment.Revenue and expenses which relate to enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to a segment on a reasonable basis havebeen disclosed as 'Unallocated'.
d) Segment Assets and Liabilities
Segment assets and segment liabilities represent assets and liabilities in respective segments.
Tax related assets and other assets and liabilities that cannot be allocated to a segment on reasonable basis have beendisclosed as 'Unallocated'.
e) Accounting Policies
The accounting policies consistently used in the preparation of the financial statements are also applied to items of revenueand expenditure in individual segments.
f) Disclosure for other material non cash item
There are no other material non cash items which have not been disclosed in the above disclosure.
a) Chief Operating Decision Maker
As per IND AS 108 "Operating Segments" the Board of Directors ('BOD') of the Company has identified Chief OperatingDecision Maker (CODM) who assesses the financial performance and position of the Company and makes strategic decisions.Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting to the CODM.
b) Operating Segment
Primary Segment (Business Segment)
The Company is primarily engaged in the Lending business. It also has a Forex Remittance business. Under the Lending businessthe Company gives loans to Micro, Small and Medium enterprises and other customers across various industries. Revenue from
The Company is required to contribute to corporate social responsibility activities as per the Companies (Corporate SocialResponsibility Policy) Rules, 2014 under the Companies Act, 2013. The amount is spent towards Rural Development, Livelihood,Health and Education.
i) Includes allocated shared expenses.
ii) Investments in equity shares of subsidiaries have been disclosed under - Investments (Refer Note 7).
iii) Remuneration paid excludes amounts pertaining to gratuity and compensated absences, which are actuarially valuedat the Company level.
iv) All related party transactions entered during the year were in the ordinary course of business and on arm's length basis.
v) Above transactions shown are excluding GST.
44 Employee benefits(A) Defined Contribution Plan - Provident Fund (PF) Contribution, Employee State Insurance (ESI) Contributionand Labour Welfare Fund (LWF)
The Company makes contributions towards PF, ESI and LWF in respect of qualifying employees. The amount recognised asan expense and included in Note 31 "Employee benefits expense " as under.
The employees of the Company are members of a retirement contribution plan operated by the Government. The Companyis required to contribute a specified percentage of payroll cost to the retirement contribution scheme to fund the benefits.The only obligation of the Company with respect to the plan is to make the specified contributions.
(B) Defined Benefit Plan - Gratuity
The Company has a defined benefit gratuity plan, under which every employee who has completed defined period of servicegets a gratuity on departure @15 days of last drawn basic salary for each completed year of service.
The plan is of a final salary defined benefit in nature which is sponsored by the Company and hence it underwrites all the riskspertaining to the plan. The actuarial risks associated are:
The risk of government security yields falling due to which the corresponding discount rate used for valuing liabilities falls.Such a fall in discount rate will result in a larger value placed on the future benefit cash flows while computing the liabilityand thereby requiring higher accounting provisioning.
Longevity risks arises when the quantum of benefits payable under the plan is based on how long the employee lives postcessation of service with the Company. The gratuity plan provides the benefit in a lump sum form and since the benefit is notpayable as an annuity for the rest of the lives of the employees, there is no longevity risks.
Actual deaths and disability cases proving lower or higher than assumed in the valuation can impact the liabilities.
The gratuity benefits under the plan are related to the employee's last drawn salary. Consequently, any unusual rise in futuresalary of the employee raises the quantum of benefit payable by the company, which results in a higher liability for thecompany and is therefore a plan risk for the Company.
The estimates of the future salary increases, considered in actuarial valuation, include inflation, seniority, promotion and otherrelevant factors such as supply and demand in the employment market. The discount rate is based on the prevailing marketyield on government securities as at the balance sheet date for the estimated average remaining service.
Actual withdrawals proving higher or lower than assumed withdrawals and change of withdrawal rates at subsequentvaluations can impact plan's liability.
The disclosure as required by Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) -19 "Employee Benefits" is as under.
i). Since Leave encashment plan of the Company is not funded, hence the disclosure related to plan assets are not applicable.
(D) The Code on Social Security, 2020 (New Labour Code)
On 21st November, 2025, the Government of India notified the four Labour Codes - The Code on Wages, 2019, The IndustrialRelations Code, 2020, The Code on Social Security, 2020, and The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code,2020 - consolidating 29 existing labour laws. On the basis of the best information available and actuarial valuation obtained,consistent with the guidance provided by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India the Company has immediatelyprovided incremental impact (related to Past services Cost) in the standalone results for the period ended 31st December ,2025. The incremental impact towards gratuity liability of Rs.88.49 Lakhs for the year ended 31st March, 2026 primarily arisesdue to change in wage definition. The Company continues to monitor the finalisation of Central / State Rules and clarificationsfrom the Government on other aspects of the Labour Codes and would provide appropriate accounting effect on the basisof such developments as needed, if any.
45 Employee Stock Option Plan
A. The shareholders of the Company passed a resolution through postal ballot/ e-voting on 23rd September 2018 for approvalof the issue of 1,75,00,000 under the Scheme titled "CIFL EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN 2018" (ESOP 2018).
The ESOP Scheme allows the issue of options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries (whether in India or abroad).Each option comprises one underlying equity share.
As per the ESOP Scheme "CIFL EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN 2018", the Nomination and Remuneration Committee (NRC)of the Board of Directors grants the options to the employees deemed eligible. The Exercise Price for the Options shall bedetermined by the Committee which shall not be less than the face value of the Shares of the Company as on date of Grant.The options granted vest not earlier than minimum period of 1 (One) year and not later than maximum period of 5 (Five)
years from the date of Grant. The Exercise Period in respect of Vested Options shall not be more than 5 (Five) years from thedate of Vesting of Options.
B. The shareholders of the Company passed a resolution through postal ballot/ e-voting on 09th December 2023 for approval ofthe issue of 2,00,00,000 under the Scheme titled "CIFL EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN 2023" (ESOP 2023).
The ESOP Scheme allows the issue of options to employees of the Company/ Holding/ Subsidiary/ Group/ Associate and itssubsidiaries (whether in India or abroad). Each option comprises one underlying equity share.
As per the ESOP Scheme "CIFL EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN 2023", the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of theBoard of Directors grants the options to the employees deemed eligible. The Exercise Price for the Options shall be determinedby the Committee which shall not be less than the face value of the Shares of the Company as on date of Grant. The optionsgranted vest not earlier than minimum period of 1 (One) year and not later than maximum period of 4 (Four) years from thedate of Grant. The Exercise Period in respect of Vested Options shall not be more than 5 (Five) years from the date of Vestingof Options.
The Company uses fair value to account for the compensation cost of stock options to employees of the Company.
i) . The Company does not have variable lease payments during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
ii) . The Company has not subleased right of use asset during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
iii) . The Company does not have any significant restrictions or covenants imposed by leases during the year ended 31st March,
2026 and 31st March, 2025.
iv) . The Company does not have any commmitted undiscounted leases that has not yet commenced as at 31st March, 2026
and 31st March, 2025.
v) . The Company as a lessee has obtained certain assets such as immovable properties on various leasing arrangements for
the purposes of setting up of offices. With the exception of short-term leases and leases of low value underlying assets,each lease is reflected on the balance sheet as a right-to-use asset and a lease liability.
vi) . The company does not face significant liquidity risk with regard to its lease liabilities as the current assets are sufficient
to meet the lease liabilities as and when they fall due.
49 Capital Management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management capital includes issued capital and equity reserves. The primaryobjective of the Company's capital management is to ensure that the Company complies with RBI prescribed Capital adequacyrequirements and maintains adequate capital to support its business and maximise shareholders value. The Capital to RiskWeighted Asset Ratio (CRAR) of the company is as under.
As per RBI Prudential norms, the minimum CRAR requirement for NBFCs is 15% and the Company has maintained CRAR wellabove the regulatory norms throughout the year.
Regulatory capital-related information is presented as a part of the RBI mandated disclosures. The RBI norms require capitalto be maintained at prescribed levels. In accordance with such norms, Tier I capital of the company comprises of share capital,share premium, reserves and Tier II capital comprises of provision on loans that are not credit-impaired. There were no changesin the capital management process during the years presented.
50 Financial Risk Management
The Company's Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's riskmanagement framework. The Board of Directors has constituted the risk management committee, which is responsible fordeveloping and monitoring the Company's risk management policies. The Company's risk management committee overseeshow management monitors compliance with the Company's risk management policies and procedures, and reviews theadequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Company.
The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to setappropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems arereviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions.
The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from its business operations:
i) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss if a customer or counterparty fails to meet an obligation under a contract. Lending activitiesaccount for most of the Company's credit risk. Other sources of credit risk also exist in loans and transaction settlements.Credit risk is measured as the amount that could be lost if a customer or counterparty fails to make repayments. The maximumexposure to credit risk in case of all the financial instruments is restricted to their respective carrying amount.
Credit risk is monitored through stringent credit appraisal, counter party limits and internal risk ranges of the borrowers.Exposure to credit risk is managed through regular analysis of the ability of all the customers and counterparties to meetinterest and capital repayment obligations and by changing lending limits where appropriate.
Company primarily offers loans secured by immovable property. In order to mitigate credit risk, company also seeks collateralappropriate to the product segment. Other means of mitigating credit risk that the company uses are guarantees. The mostcommon types of collateral the company receives, measured by collateral value, are mortgages on financial assets in the formof Residential/Commercial property.
Trade receivables are generally unsecured and non-interest bearing. There is no significant concentration of credit risk.The Company's credit risk management policy in relation to trade receivables involves periodically assessing the financialreliability of customers, taking into account their financial position, past experience and other factors. The utilization of creditlimit is regularly monitored. The Company's credit risk is mainly confined to the risk of customers defaulting against creditsales made.
Other financial assets are considered to have low credit risk since there is a low risk of default by the counterparties owingto their strong capacity to meet contractual cash flow obligations in the near term. Credit risk related to these other financialassets is managed by monitoring the recoverability of such amounts continuously, while at the same time internal controlsystem in place ensure the amounts are within defined limits.
An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date based on the facts and circumstances existing on that date toidentify expected losses on account of time value of money and credit risk. The credit quality of loans and advances measuredat amortised cost is primarily assessed by the Days Past Due (DPD) status.
In assessing the impairment of financial assets under the expected credit loss model, the Company defines default when aloan obligation is overdue for more than 90 days.
Policy for Write off
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written-off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no reasonableexpectation of recovering the asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. This is generally the case when the Company determinesthat the borrower does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amountssubject to the write-off and when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery from the collaterals held. However, financialassets that are written-off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company's proceduresfor recovery of amounts due. The Company has Board approved policy for the same.
When determining whether the risk of default has increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company considers theDPD status of the loans. Credit risk is deemed to have increased significantly when an asset is more than 30 days past due (DPD).
The key elements in calculation of ECL are as follows:
PD - The Probability of Default is an estimate of the likelihood of default over a given time horizon. A default may only happenat a certain time over the assessed period, if the facility has not been previously derecognised and is still in the portfolio.
EAD - The Exposure at Default is an estimate of the exposure at a future default date, taking into account expected changesin the exposure after the reporting date, including repayments of principal and interest, whether scheduled by contract orotherwise, expected drawdowns on committed facilities, accrued interest from missed payments and loan commitments.
The Company uses 'Expected Credit Loss' (ECL) model, for evaluating impairment of financial assets measured at amortisedcost. Company follows a 'three-stage' model for impairment based on changes in credit quality since initial recognition.Refer to the accounting policy for details.
The Company would generally have its credit exposures backed by securities, either primary or collateral. Lending policyof the Company prescribes Asset cover norms and collateral guidelines for its various product offering. The amountand type of collateral required depends on an assessment of the credit risk of the counterparty and product offered.The Company grants loans against collateral of immovable property (Land, Under construction projects, Ready property)including commercial and residential properties.
As collateral is a source of mitigating credit risk, assessment of the condition of the securities and their value is undertakenon regular basis. There were no significant changes in the collateral policy of the company during the financial year2025-2026.
ii) Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulties in meeting the obligations associated with its financialliabilities that are selected by delivering cash or other financial assets. The Company's approach to managing liquidity is toensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal andstressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation.
The Company has in place an Asset-Liability Management Committee (ALCO) which functions as the operational unit formanaging the Balance Sheet within the performance and risk parameters laid down by the Board and Risk Committee ofthe Board. ALCO reviews Asset Liability strategy and Balance Sheet management in relation to asset and liability profile.ALCO ensures that the objectives of liquidity management are met by monitoring the gaps in the various time buckets,deciding on the source and mix of liabilities, setting the maturity profile of the incremental assets and liabilities etc.Key principles adopted in the Company's approach to managing liquidity risk include:
a) Monitoring the Company's liquidity position on a regular basis, using a combination of contractual and behaviouralmodelling of balance sheet and cash flow information
b) Maintaining a high quality liquid asset portfolio or maintaining undrawn bank lines
c) Operating a prudent funding strategy which ensures appropriate diversification and limits maturity concentrations
iii) Market Risk :
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of the future cash flows of financial instruments will fluctuate due to changes in marketvariables such as interest rates risk and foreign currency risk.
The Company primarily deploys funds in bank deposits and liquid debt securities as a part of its liquidity managementapproach. The Company regularly reviews its average borrowing / lending cost including proportion of fixed and floatingrate borrowings / loans so as to manage the impact of changes in interest rates.
Company has exposure to interest rate risk, primarily from its lending business and related borrowings. The followingtable demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates (all other variables being constant)of the Company's statement of profit and loss.
Interest rate risk is managed primarily by monitoring the sensitivity of expected net interest income ('NII') under varyinginterest rate scenarios. This monitoring is undertaken by ALCO on regular basis. The NII sensitivities shown are indicativeand based on simplified scenarios.
The company entered into foreign currency transactions in the Foreign currency business. The currency risk arising outof foreign currency transactions in the foreign currency business is monitored by a central dealing room, which thenhedges the positions transactions entered into at individual locations across the country, through deals in the interbankmarket, thereby ensuring that they are minimal open positions.
iv) Operational Risk:
Operational risk is the risk of loss arising from systems failure, human error, fraud or external events. When controls fail tooperate effectively, operational risks can cause damage to reputation, have legal or regulatory implications, or may lead tofinancial loss. The Company cannot expect to eliminate all operational risks, but it endeavours to manage these risks througha control framework and by monitoring and responding to potential risks. Controls include maker-checker controls, effectivesegregation of duties, access, authorisation and reconciliation procedures, staff education and assessment processes, suchas the use of internal audit.
51 Financial Instruments
The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments, including their levels in the fair valuehierarchy. The Company has disclosed financial instruments not measured at fair value at carrying values because their carryingamounts are a reasonable approximation of the fair values.
Ind AS 107, 'Financial Instruments - Disclosure' requires classification of the valuation method of financial instruments measuredat fair value in the Balance Sheet using a three-level fair value-hierarchy (which reflects the significance of inputs used in themeasurements). The hierarchy gives the highest priority to un-adjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets orliabilities (Level 1 measurements) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of thefair value- hierarchy under Ind AS 107 are described below:
Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices.
Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuationtechniques which maximise the use of observable market data and place limited reliance on the entity specificestimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is includedin level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.
November 28, 2025, as amended. Where impairment allowance under Ind AS 109 is lower than the provisioning requiredunder Income Recognition, Asset Classification and Provisioning (IRACP) (including standard asset provisioning), NBFCs shallappropriate the difference from their net profit or loss after tax to a separate 'Impairment Reserve'.
However total IND AS impairment allowances is higher as compared to IRACP, hence appropriation to impairment reserve isnot required during the financial year 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
53 Disclosures as required by the Master Direction - Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies- Financial Statements: Presentation and Disclosures) Directions, 2025 issued by the Reserve Bank of India("RBI") vide their Notification No. RBI/DOR/2025-26/359 dated November 28, 2025 (the "Notification"),as amended.
r. Overseas Assets (for those with Joint Ventures and Subsidiaries abroad)
The Company has not invested in overseas assets in the current year and previous year. There are no outstanding investmentsfrom earlier years.
s. Off-balance Sheet SPVs sponsored by the Company
The Company has no off-balance sheet SPV in the current year and previous year.
t. Area of Operation
The Company operates in India and does not have any overseas joint ventures and subsidiaries.
u. Fraud Reporting
Disclosure as required by the Master Direction -Fraud Risk Management in NBFCs (Reserve Bank Directions, 2024 RBI/DOS/2024-25/120 DOS.CO.FMG.SEC.No.7/23.04.001/2024-25 dated July 15, 2024, there are no frauds reported for the yearended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
v. Remuneration of Directors
Details of all transactions with directors has been given in Note 43 of Financials Statements (Related Party Transactions).
w. Revenue Recognition
There have been no instances in which revenue recognition has been postponed pending the resolution of significantuncertainties.
x. Consolidated Financial Statement (CFS)
The Company has prepared consolidated financial statement.
y. Net Profit or Loss for the period, prior period items and changes in accounting policies
No prior period items and no changes in accounting policies.
z. The disclosure of the Concentration of Deposits taken is not applicable since the Company is not in the business of acceptingdeposits being a Systemically Important Non Deposit Accepting NBFC.
aa. Disclosure of Complaints
1) Summary information on complaints received by the NBFCs from customers and from the Offices of Ombudsman:
Refer Note 43 for Related party transaction.
af. The Company has implemented necessary system in place to align its definition of default for loan assets with the guidelinesstipulated in RBI - 'Prudential Norms on Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning for regulatory reporting, asapplicable. The financial statement for the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025, are prepared in accordance withthe applicable IND-AS guidelines and the RBI Circular - 'Implementation of Indian Accounting Standards'.
ag. The Company, being a Non-Banking Financial Company ("NBFC") registered with the Reserve Bank of India ('RBI') as a 'MiddleLayer' NBFC as per the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies - Registration, Exemptions and Frameworkfor Scale Based Regulation) Directions, 2025, the provisions of section 2(87) read with the Companies (restriction on numberof layers) Rules 2017 are not applicable.
The Company has no instances of breach of covenant in respect of loans availed and debt securities issued as at 31st March,2026 and 31st March, 2025.
The Company does not provide any loans on collateral of gold and silver including jewelleries.
The Company has not lent any funds during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025 for project financeactivities nor has any recoverable balance as at the same date in accordance with RBI Direction - RBI/DOR/2025-26/357 DOR.STR.REC.276/21.04.048/2025-26 Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies - Resolution of Stressed Assets)Directions, 2025 and RBI/DOR/ 2025-26/347 DOR.CRE.REC.No.266/ 07-01-0 08/ 2025-26 - Reserve Bank of India (Non BankingFinancial Companies-Credit Facilities) Directions, 2025 dated 28th November 2025.
Refer Note 56 Transfer and Distribution of Credit Risk
Refer Corporate Governance section in the annual report
During the year ended 31 March, 2026 and 31 March, 2025 no divergence in asset classification and provisioning hasbeen reported.
Refer Note 37 for unhedge foreign currency exposure.
The company has not undertaken any credit default swaps transaction during the financial year ended 31st March, 2026 and31st March, 2025.
Refer Note 41 of Contingent Liabilities and Commitments.
The company has disclosed all the details of loan exposures outstanding in note 6 of the financial statement and thereis no other loan exposure as at 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
1 Public funds Include Debt Securities, Borrowings
2 Total Liabilities has been computed as sum of all liabilities (Balance Sheet figure) less Equity Share Capital and Other Equity.
vi. Institutional set-up for liquidity risk management
The Board of Directors of the Company shall have the overall responsibility for the implementation of the ALM system includingliquidity risk management. The Board has also instituted the Asset Liability Management Committee to monitor and manageliquidity risk inter-alia by way of monitoring the asset liability composition, reviewing the liquidity and borrowing program ofthe Company, setting-up and monitoring prudential limits on negative mismatches w.r.t. liquidity and interest rate.
The Company's liquidity and funding approach documented through its various plans and policies including the Asset LiabilityManagement Policy, Resources Planning Policy, Investment Policy, is to ensure that funding is available to meet all marketrelated stress situations. We endeavour to maintain a conservative Asset Liability Management approach which is focused onmaintaining long term funding stability.
The Company also has a Risk Management Committee which reports to the Board and is responsible for evaluating the overallrisks faced by the Company including liquidity risks.
The Company's liquidity management set-up is assessed periodically to align the same with any regulatory changes in theeconomic landscape or business needs. The ALCO meetings are held once in a quarter and committee submit its report toboard on quarterly basis.
i) As defined in the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies - Acceptance of Public Deposits)Directions, 2025
ii) Provisioning norms shall be applicable as prescribed in the Directions.
iii) All notified Accounting Standards and Guidance Notes issued by ICAI are applicable including for valuation ofinvestments and other assets as also assets acquired in satisfaction of debt. However, market value in respectof quoted investments and break up / fair value / NAV in respect of unquoted investments shall be disclosedirrespective of whether they are classified as long term (amortised cost in the case of Ind AS) or current (fair valuein the case of Ind AS) in (7) above.
60 Additional disclosures
a. No funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sourcesor kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ("Intermediaries"),with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectlylend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company ("UltimateBeneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
b. No funds have been received by the Company from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ("Funding Parties"),with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether, directly or indirectly, lendto or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ("UltimateBeneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
c. The Company has no transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed asincome during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act,1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevantprovisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961). There have been no previously unrecorded income and related assets which were tobe properly recorded in the books of accounts during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and year ended 31st March, 2025.
The Company has not invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
e. Wilful defaulter
The Company has not been declared as wilful defaulter by the bank and financial institution or any other lender. In accordancewith the guidelines on wilful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India, during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and31st March, 2025.
f. No Scheme of arrangements has been approved by the Competent Authority in terms of sections 230 to 237 of the CompaniesAct, 2013 during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
g. The company has not purchased any credit impaired financial assets during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
h. There have been no events after the reporting date that require disclosure in the financial statement.
i. The Company has no transactions with the companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560of Companies Act, 1956 during the year ended 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025.
k. The Company has used accounting software for maintaining books of accounts which has the feature of recording audit trail.Further, there is no instance of audit trail feature being tampered with in respect of any accounting software and the audittrail has been preserved by the company as per the Statutory requirements for record retention.
l. Unclaimed dividend does not include any amount outstanding as on 31st March, 2026 and 31st March, 2025 which are requiredto be credited to the Investor Education and Protection Fund.
m. The Company, being a Non-Banking Financial Company ("NBFC") registered with the Reserve Bank of India ('RBI') as a 'MiddleLayer' NBFC as per the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies - Registration, Exemptions and Frameworkfor Scale Based Regulation) Directions, 2025, the provisions of section 2(87) read with the Companies (restriction on numberof layers) Rules 2017 are not applicable.
61 The Financial Statements have been reviewed by the Audit Committee and approved by the Board of Directors at its meetingheld on 20th May, 2026.
62 Previous year's figures
To provide more reliable and relevant information about the effect of certain items in the Balance Sheet and Statement ofProfit and Loss, the Company has changed the classification of certain items. Previous year figures have been re-grouped orreclassified, to confirm to such current year's grouping / classifications. There is no impact on Equity or Net Profit due to theseregrouping / reclassifications.