We have audited the standalone financial statementsof CESC Limited ("the Company"), which comprisethe Balance Sheet as at March 31 2026, the Statementof Profit and Loss, including the Statement of OtherComprehensive Income, the Cash Flow Statement and theStatement of Changes in Equity for the year then ended,and notes to the standalone financial statements, includinga summary of material accounting policies and otherexplanatory information.
In our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us, the aforesaidstandalone financial statements give the informationrequired by the Companies Act, 2013, as amended ("theAct") in the manner so required and give a true and fair viewin conformity with the accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company asat March 31, 2026, its profit including other comprehensiveincome, its cash flows and the changes in equity for theyear ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit of the standalone financialstatements in accordance with the Standards on Auditing(SAs), as specified under section 143(10) of the Act.Our responsibilities under those Standards are furtherdescribed in the 'Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit ofthe Standalone Financial Statements' section of our report.We are independent of the Company in accordancewith the 'Code of Ethics' issued by the Institute ofChartered Accountants of India together with the ethicalrequirements that are relevant to our audit of the financialstatements under the provisions of the Act and theRules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethicalresponsibilities in accordance with these requirementsand the Code of Ethics. We believe that the auditevidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriateto provide a basis for our audit opinion on the standalonefinancial statements.
KEY AUDIT MATTERS
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professionaljudgment, were of most significance in our audit of thestandalone financial statements for the financial year endedMarch 31, 2026. These matters were addressed in thecontext of our audit of the standalone financial statementsas a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do
not provide a separate opinion on these matters. For eachmatter below, our description of how our audit addressedthe matter is provided in that context.
We have determined the matters described below to bethe key audit matters to be communicated in our report.We have fulfilled the responsibilities described in theAuditor's responsibilities for the audit of the standalonefinancial statements section of our report, including inrelation to these matters. Accordingly, our audit includedthe performance of procedures designed to respond toour assessment of the risks of material misstatement of thestandalone financial statements. The results of our auditprocedures, including the procedures performed to addressthe matters below, provide the basis for our audit opinionon the accompanying standalone financial statements.
1. Accrual of regulatory income/expense andcorresponding asset / liability (Refer Note 39)Key Audit Matter:
The Company recognizes regulatory income/expense and related assets/ liability basis itsunderstanding and interpretation of Tariff orders andregulations notified by the West Bengal ElectricityRegulatory Commission (WBERC), which are subjectmatter of Annual Performance Review (APR) and willbe adjusted in tariffs to be notified in the future years.Management exercises judgement in estimating suchamounts using experience from the issued Tariff/ APRorders including interpretation of the regulations.Such regulatory deferral balances are discounted overan estimated period of recovery using appropriatediscounting rate, as a matter of prudence.
In consideration of the significance of the amount ofthe regulatory balances, complexity and high degreeof estimation involved in computation thereof, weidentified accrual of regulatory balances as a key auditmatter.
How our audit addressed the key audit matter:
Our audit procedures comprised of the following:
• We obtained an understanding from themanagement, assessed and tested the designand operating effectiveness of the Company'skey controls related to accrual of suchregulatory balances.
• We considered the Company's accountingpolicies with respect to accrual for regulatorydeferral account balances and assessedcompliance with Ind AS 114 "RegulatoryDeferral Accounts".
• We discussed with the management on the keyassumptions and estimates used for recognitionof these regulatory balances and corroboratedthem with the applicable regulatory provisions,APR orders, Tariff orders and underlying recordsof the Company.
• We discussed with the management on theconsistency of its key assumptions and basisof estimation for all the years for which APRassessments are pending to be completedand also verified the arithmetical accuracy ofsuch workings.
• We enquired from the management fornotifications and correspondences with theregulator on the pending APR assessments.
• We also assessed the discounting rate and theestimated period of recovery considered by themanagement with reference to the APR processand the tariff regulations.
• We assessed the adequacy of disclosures inaccordance with the requirements of Ind AS 114"Regulatory Deferral Accounts".
2. Investments in subsidiaries of the Company(Refer Note 7)Key Audit Matter:
The Company carries its investment in subsidiariesat cost and performs an impairment assessment,wherever required as per applicable Ind AS.
For these assessments, the Company involves avaluer to determine the recoverable value of suchinvestments using the discounted cash flow methodof valuation, which is highly sensitive to changes ininputs used in valuation and involves judgement dueto inherent uncertainty in the assumptions used forforecasting the future cash flows.
Accordingly, the impairment assessment ofinvestments in subsidiary companies, whereverrequired, was determined to be a key audit matter inour audit of the standalone financial statements.
• We obtained an understanding from themanagement, assessed and tested the designand operating effectiveness of the Company'skey controls over the impairment assessment ofsuch investments.
• We discussed with the management themethodology and assumptions used in thevaluation including discount rates, expectedgrowth rates and terminal growth rates.
• We read and evaluated the audited financialstatements of these subsidiary companies of pastfew years. We discussed potential changes in keydrivers as compared to previous year / actualperformance with management to evaluate theinputs and assumptions used in the forecasts.We also obtained and evaluated details regardingmanagement initiatives being taken to ensureoperational turnaround in case of loss makingentities.
• We evaluated the objectivity, independence andcompetence of the external valuation specialistsinvolved by the management for such valuation.
• In performing the above procedures, weinvolved internal valuation specialists to performan independent review of methodology and keyassumptions used in the valuation.
• We obtained suitable managementrepresentation on the projections of future cashflows and the various assumptions used in thevaluation, as duly approved by the Board ofDirectors.
• We tested the arithmetical accuracy of thefinancial projections.
OTHER INFORMATION
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible forthe other information. The other information comprisesthe information included in the Annual Report, but doesnot include the standalone financial statements and ourauditor's report thereon.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements doesnot cover the other information and we do not express anyform of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financialstatements, our responsibility is to read the otherinformation and, in doing so, consider whether such otherinformation is materially inconsistent with the financialstatements or our knowledge obtained in the audit orotherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based onthe work we have performed, we conclude that there isa material misstatement of this other information, we arerequired to report that fact. We have nothing to report inthis regard
RESPONSIBILITIES OF MANAGEMENT FOR THESTANDALONE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for thematters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect tothe preparation of these standalone financial statementsthat give a true and fair view of the financial position,financial performance including other comprehensiveincome, cash flows and changes in equity of the Companyin accordance with the accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, including the Indian AccountingStandards (Ind AS) specified under section 133 of the Actread with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Rules, 2015, as amended. This responsibility also includesmaintenance of adequate accounting records inaccordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguardingof the assets of the Company and for preventing anddetecting frauds and other irregularities; selection andapplication of appropriate accounting policies; makingjudgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;and the design, implementation and maintenance ofadequate internal financial controls, that were operatingeffectively for ensuring the accuracy and completenessof the accounting records, relevant to the preparationand presentation of the standalone financial statementsthat give a true and fair view and are free from materialmisstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the standalone financial statements,management is responsible for assessing the Company'sability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, asapplicable, matters related to going concern and using thegoing concern basis of accounting unless managementeither intends to liquidate the Company or to ceaseoperations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
Those Board of Directors are also responsible foroverseeing the Company's financial reporting process.
AUDITOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THESTANDALONE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether the standalone financial statements as a wholeare free from material misstatement, whether due to fraudor error, and to issue an auditor's report that includesour opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level ofassurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conductedin accordance with SAs will always detect a materialmisstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise fromfraud or error and are considered material if, individuallyor in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected toinfluence the economic decisions of users taken on thebasis of these standalone financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exerciseprofessional judgment and maintain professionalskepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatementof the standalone financial statements, whetherdue to fraud or error, design and perform auditprocedures responsive to those risks, and obtain auditevidence that is sufficient and appropriate to providea basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting amaterial misstatement resulting from fraud is higherthan for one resulting from error, as fraud mayinvolve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions,misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevantto the audit in order to design audit procedures thatare appropriate in the circumstances. Under section143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible forexpressing our opinion on whether the Company hasadequate internal financial controls with referenceto financial statements in place and the operatingeffectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policiesused and the reasonableness of accounting estimatesand related disclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management'suse of the going concern basis of accounting and,based on the audit evidence obtained, whethera material uncertainty exists related to events orconditions that may cast significant doubt on theCompany's ability to continue as a going concern.If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists,we are required to draw attention in our auditor'sreport to the related disclosures in the financialstatements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, tomodify our opinion. Our conclusions are based onthe audit evidence obtained up to the date of ourauditor's report. However, future events or conditionsmay cause the Company to cease to continue as agoing concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure andcontent of the standalone financial statements,including the disclosures, and whether the standalonefinancial statements represent the underlyingtransactions and events in a manner that achievesfair presentation.
We communicate with those charged with governanceregarding, among other matters, the planned scope andtiming of the audit and significant audit findings, including
any significant deficiencies in internal control that weidentify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance witha statement that we have complied with relevantethical requirements regarding independence, and tocommunicate with them all relationships and othermatters that may reasonably be thought to bear on ourindependence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were ofmost significance in the audit of the standalone financialstatements for the financial year ended March 31, 2026and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe thesematters in our auditor's report unless law or regulationprecludes public disclosure about the matter or when, inextremely rare circumstances, we determine that a mattershould not be communicated in our report because theadverse consequences of doing so would reasonably beexpected to outweigh the public interest benefits of suchcommunication.
REPORT ON OTHER LEGAL AND REGULATORYREQUIREMENTS
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report)Order, 2020 ("the Order"), issued by the CentralGovernment of India in terms of sub-section (11) ofsection 143 of the Act, we give in the "Annexure 1" astatement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3and 4 of the Order.
2. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report, tothe extent applicable, that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the informationand explanations which to the best of ourknowledge and belief were necessary for thepurposes of our audit;
(b) In our opinion, proper books of account asrequired by law have been kept by the Companyso far as it appears from our examination ofthose books;
(c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profitand Loss including the Statement of OtherComprehensive Income, the Cash FlowStatement and Statement of Changes in Equitydealt with by this Report are in agreement withthe books of account;
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financialstatements comply with the Accounting
Standards specified under Section 133 of theAct, read with Companies (Indian AccountingStandards) Rules, 2015, as amended;
(e) On the basis of the written representationsreceived from the directors as on March 31, 2026taken on record by the Board of Directors, none ofthe directors is disqualified as on March 31, 2026from being appointed as a director in terms ofSection 164 (2) of the Act;
(f) With respect to the adequacy of the internalfinancial controls with reference to thesestandalone financial statements and theoperating effectiveness of such controls, refer toour separate Report in "Annexure 2" to this report;
(g) In our opinion, the managerial remuneration forthe year ended March 31, 2026 has been paid/ provided by the Company to its directors inaccordance with the provisions of section 197read with Schedule V to the Act;
(h) With respect to the other matters to be includedin the Auditor's Report in accordance withRule 11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors)Rules, 2014, as amended in our opinion and tothe best of our information and according to theexplanations given to us:
i. The Company has disclosed the impact ofpending litigations on its financial positionin its standalone financial statements -Refer Note 31 to the standalone financialstatements;
ii. The Company did not have any long-termcontracts including derivative contracts forwhich there were any material foreseeablelosses;
iii. There has been no delay in transferringamounts, required to be transferred, to theInvestor Education and Protection Fund bythe Company;
iv. a) The management has represented
that, to the best of its knowledge andbelief, no funds have been advancedor loaned or invested (either fromborrowed funds or share premium orany other sources or kind of funds)by the Company to or in any otherperson(s) or entity(ies), including
foreign entities ("Intermediaries"), withthe understanding, whether recordedin writing or otherwise, that theIntermediary shall, whether, directlyor indirectly lend or invest in otherpersons or entities identified in anymanner whatsoever by or on behalf ofthe Company ("Ultimate Beneficiaries")or provide any guarantee, securityor the like on behalf of theUltimate Beneficiaries;
b) The management has representedthat, to the best of its knowledge andbelief, no funds have been receivedby the Company from any person(s)or entity(ies), including foreignentities ("Funding Parties"), with theunderstanding, whether recorded inwriting or otherwise, that the Companyshall, whether, directly or indirectly,lend or invest in other persons orentities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of theFunding Party ("Ultimate Beneficiaries")or provide any guarantee, securityor the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries; and
c) Based on such audit proceduresperformed that have been consideredreasonable and appropriate in thecircumstances, nothing has cometo our notice that has caused us to
believe that the representations undersub-clause (a) and (b) contain anymaterial misstatement.
v. The interim dividend declared and paid bythe Company during the year and until thedate of this audit report is in accordancewith section 123 of the Act.
vi. Based on our examination which includedtest checks, the Company has usedaccounting software for maintaining itsbooks of account which has a feature ofrecording audit trail (edit log) facility andthe same has operated throughout theyear for all relevant transactions recordedin the software, as described in Note 53(ix)to the standalone financial statements.Further, during the course of our auditwe did not come across any instance ofaudit trail feature being tampered with.Additionally, the audit trail of prior years hasbeen preserved by the Company as per thestatutory requirements for record retentionto the extent enabled/recorded in therespective years.
For S.R. Batliboi & Co. LLP
Chartered AccountantsICAI Firm Registration Number 301003E/E300005
per Navin Agrawal
Partner
Place of Signature Kolkata Membership Number 056102
Date May 06, 2026 UDIN 26056102PQFHWG3860