(s) Provisions
Provisions for legal claims/disputed matters and othermatters are recognised when the Company has a presentlegal or constructive obligation as a result of past events,it is probable that an outflow of resources will be requiredto settle the obligation and the amount can be reliablyestimated. Provisions are not recognised for futureoperating losses.
Where there are a number of similar obligations, thelikelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement isdetermined by considering the class of obligations as awhole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of anoutflow with respect to any one item included in the sameclass of obligations may be small.
Provisions are measured at the present value ofmanagement’s best estimate of the expenditure requiredto settle the present obligation at the end of the reportingperiod. The discount rate used to determine the presentvalue is a pre-tax rate that reflects current marketassessments of the time value of money and the risksspecific to the liability. The increase in the provision due tothe passage of time is recognised as finance cost.
(t) Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arisesfrom past events whose existence will be confirmed by theoccurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertainfuture events beyond the control of the Company or apresent obligation that is not recognized because it isprobable that an outflow of resources will not be required tosettle the obligation. However, if the possibility of outflow ofresources, arising out of present obligation, is remote, thesame is not disclosed as contingent liability.
A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare caseswhere there is a liability that cannot be recognized becauseit cannot be measured reliably. The Company does notrecognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence inthe notes to standalone financial statements. A Contingentasset is not recognized in standalone financial statements,however, the same are disclosed where an inflow ofeconomic benefit is probable.
(u) Impairment of Non-financial Assets
Assessment for impairment is done at each BalanceSheet date as to whether there is any indication that anon-financial asset may be impaired. For the purpose ofassessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group ofassets that generates cash inflows from continuing usethat are largely independent of the cash inflows from
other assets or group of assets is considered as a cashgenerating unit. If any indication of impairment exists, anestimate of the recoverable amount of the individual asset/cash generating unit is made. Asset/cash generating unitwhose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amountare written down to the recoverable amount by recognizingthe impairment loss as an expense in the Statement ofProfit and Loss.
(v) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet compriseof cash on hand, demand deposits with Banks, other short¬term, highly liquid investments with original maturities ofthree months or less that are readily convertible to knownamounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificantrisk of changes in value.
(z) Earnings per Share (EPS)
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividingthe net profit or loss for the period attributable to equityshareholders by the weighted average number of equityshares outstanding during the year.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share,the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equityshareholders and the weighted average number of sharesoutstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects ofall dilutive potential equity shares.
Both Basic earnings per share and Diluted earnings pershare have been calculated with and without consideringexceptional item
(aa) Leases
The Company, at the inception of a contract, assesseswhether a contract is, or contains a lease. A contract is,or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right tocontrol the use of an identified asset for a period of timein exchange for consideration. A lessee recognises aright-of-use (“ROU”) asset representing its right to usethe underlying asset and a lease liability representing itsobligation to make lease payments. Also, the Companyhas elected not to recognise right-of-use of assets and
lease liabilities for short term leases that have a leaseterm of 12 months or less and leases of low value assets.The Company recognizes the lease payments associatedwith these leases as an expense on a straight-line basisover the lease term. The right-of-use assets are initiallyrecognised at cost, which comprises the initial amount ofthe lease liability adjusted for any lease payments madeat or prior to the commencement date of the lease plusany initial direct costs less any lease incentives. Theyare subsequently measured at cost less accumulateddepreciation and impairment losses, if any. Right-of-useassets are depreciated from the commencement dateon a straight line basis over the shorter of the lease termand useful life of the underlying asset. The lease liabilityis initially measured at the present value of the futurelease payments. The lease payments are discountedusing the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if notreadily determinable, using the incremental borrowingrates. The lease liability is subsequently remeasured byincreasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on thelease liability, reducing the carrying amount to reflect thelease payments made.
A lease liability is remeasured, with a correspondingadjustment to the ROU asset, upon the occurrence ofcertain events such as a change in the lease term or achange in an index or rate used to determine leasepayments. Lease liabilities and ROU assets have beenseparately presented in the Balance Sheet and leasepayments have been classified as financing cash flows.
(bb) Non-current assets (or disposal group) held for saleand discontinued operations
Non-current assets (or disposal group) are classified as heldfor sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principallythrough a sale transaction rather than through continuinguse and a sale is considered highly probable. They aremeasured at the lower of their carrying amount and fairvalue less costs to sell, except for assets such as deferredtax assets, assets arising from employee benefits, financialassets and contractual rights under insurance contracts,which are specifically exempt from this requirement.
An impairment loss is recognized for any initial orsubsequent write-down of the asset (or disposal group)to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is recognized forany subsequent increases in fair value less costs to sellof an asset (or disposal group), but not in excess of anycumulative impairment loss previously recognized. A gainor loss not previously recognized by the date of the sale ofthe non-current asset (or disposal group) is recognized atthe date of de-recognition.
Non-current assets (including those that are part of adisposal group) are not depreciated or amortized while theyare classified as held for sale. Interest and other expensesattributable to the liabilities of a disposal group classified asheld for sale continue to be recognized.
Non-current assets classified as held for sale and theassets of a disposal group classified as held for sale arepresented separately from the other assets in the balancesheet. The liabilities of a disposal group classified as heldfor sale are presented separately from other liabilities inthe balance sheet.
A discontinued operation is a component of the entitythat has been disposed of or is classified as held for saleand that represents a separate major line of business orgeographical area of operations, is part of a single co¬ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or areaof operations, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with aview to resale.
The results of discontinued operations are presentedseparately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(cc) Interest in Joint Operations
The Company has joint operations within its Engineeringand Construction segment and participates in severalunincorporated joint operations which involve the jointcontrol of assets used in Engineering and Constructionactivities. Accordingly, assets and liabilities as well asincome and expenditure are accounted on the basis ofavailable information on a line-by-line basis with similaritems in the standalone financial statements, according tothe participating interest of the Company.
(dd) Business Combinations
Business combinations involving entities or businessesunder common control are accounted for using the poolingof interests method, the assets and liabilities of thecombining entities are reflected at their carrying amounts,the only adjustments that are made are to harmoniseaccounting policies.
(ee) Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies newstandards or amendments to the existing standards underCompanies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issuedfrom time to time. In May 2025, MCA notified amendmentsto Ind AS 21 - The Effects of Changes in Foreign ExchangeRates, applicable w.e.f. April 1, 2025. The Company hasreviewed the amendment and based on its evaluation hasdetermined that it does not have any significant impact inits financial statements.
In August 2025, MCA notified the following amendments to:
(a) Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements,applicable w.e.f. 1st April, 2025 - The amendmentrelates to classification of liabilities as current or non¬current and non-current liabilities with covenants.In the context of classifying a liability as current, itremoves the requirement of existence of a right to defersettlement for at least 12 months after the reportingdate and instead requires that the said right shouldexist on the reporting date and have substance. Theamendment also introduces guidance on classificationof liabilities with covenants. The Company has noimpact of these amendments in its classificationcriteria of current and non-current liabilities.
(b) Ind AS 7, Statement of Cash Flows and Ind AS 107,Financial Instruments: Disclosures, applicable w.e.f.1st April, 2025 - The amendment in Ind AS 7 requires toinform users of financial statements of the existence ofsupplier finance arrangements and explain the natureof the arrangements, the carrying amount of liabilitiesand the range of payment due dates. Ind AS 107 hasbeen amended to add supplier finance arrangementsas a factor that may cause concentration of liquidityrisk. The Company has reviewed the amendmentsand based on its evaluation has determined that is
does. not have any significant impact in its standalonefinancial statements.
(c) Ind AS 12, International Tax Reform - Pillar Two ModelRules applicable immediately - The Company hasreviewed the amendment and based on its evaluationhas determined that it does not have any significantimpact on its standalone financial statements.
3. Critical estimates and judgments
The presentation of standalone financial statementsunder Ind AS requires management to take decisions andmake estimates and assumptions that may impact thevalue of revenues, costs, assets and liabilities and therelated disclosures concerning the items involved as wellas contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheetdate. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluatedand are based on historical experience and other factors,including expectations of future events that are believedto be reasonable under the circumstances. The Companymakes estimates and assumptions concerning the future.The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition,seldom equal the related actual results. The estimatesand assumptions that have a significant risk of causing amaterial adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets andliabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.
• Estimation of deferred tax assets recoverable
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extentthat it is probable that taxable profit will be availableagainst which the same can be utilised. Significantmanagement judgement is required to determinethe amount of deferred tax assets that can berecognised, based upon the likely timing and thelevel of future taxable profits together with future taxplanning strategies.
• Estimated fair value of unlisted securities
The fair value of financial instruments that are nottraded in an active market is determined using valuationtechniques. The Company uses its judgement toselect a variety of methods and make assumptionsthat are mainly based on market conditions existingat the end of each reporting period. Refer Note No. 53on fair value measurements where the assumptionsand methods to perform the same are stated.
• Estimation of defined benefit obligation
The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and otherpost-employment employee benefits and the presentvalue of the gratuity obligation are determined usingactuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involvesmaking various assumptions that may differ fromactual developments in the future. These includethe determination of the discount rate, future salaryincreases and mortality rates.
Due to the complexities involved in the valuation andits long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation ishighly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. Allassumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The parameter most subject to change is the discountrate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for
plans operated in India, the management considersthe interest rates of government bonds in currenciesconsistent with the currencies of the post-employmentbenefit obligation.
The mortality rate is based on publicly availableIndian Assured Lives Mortality (2012-14) Urban.Those mortality tables tend to change only atinterval in response to demographic changes.Future salary increases and gratuity increasesare based on expected future inflation rates for therespective countries. Refer Note No. 49 for keyactuarial assumptions.
> Impairment of trade receivables, loans and otherfinancial assets
The impairment provisions for financial assets arebased on assumptions about risk of default andexpected loss rates. The Company uses judgementin making these assumptions and selecting theinputs to the impairment calculation, based on theCompany’s past history, existing market conditions aswell as forward looking estimates at the end of eachreporting period.
Refer Note No. 53 on financial risk managementwhere credit risk and related impairmentdisclosures are made.
11.1 No Loans or advances are due from directors or other officers of the Company either severally or jointly with any other person,firms or private companies in which any director is a partner, a director or a member.
11.2 Loan to Related Parties represent 62.24 % as at March 31,2026 (Previous Year as at March 31,2025: 62.58%) of Total Loan(Before Considering Provision).
11.3 During the year, pursuant to Assignment agreement executed between Reliance Power Limited and its subsidiaries i.e. RelianceNU Suntech One Private Limited (erstwhile Tato Hydro Power Private Limited), the Company adjusted secured intercorporateborrowings of t 122.00 crore and accrued interest of t 23.82 crore relating to Reliance NU Suntech One Private Limited againstintercorporate deposit given outstanding from Reliance Power Limited.
15. Non Current Assets Held for Sale
(a) KM Toll Road Private Limited (KMTR), a subsidiary of the Company and part of road SPVs, has terminated the ConcessionAgreement with National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) for Kandla Mundra Road Project (Project) on May 7, 2019, onaccount of Material Breach and Event of Default under the provisions of the Concession Agreement (Agreement) by NHAI.The operations of the Project had been taken over by NHAI. The Investments in the KMTR are classified as Non-CurrentAssets held for sale as per Ind AS 105, “Non-Current Assets held for sale and discontinued operations”.
17.1 Nature and purpose of Other Reserves
(a) Capital Reserve:
The Reserve is created based on statutory requirement under the Companies Act, 2013, on account of forfeiture of equityshares warrants and schemes of Amalgamation and arrangements. This is not available for distribution of dividend but canbe utilised for issuing bonus shares.
(b) Security Premium:
This reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The same can be utilized in accordance with theprovisions of the Act.
(c) Capital Redemption Reserve:
The Capital Redemption Reserve is required to be created on buy-back of equity shares. The Company may issue fullypaid-up bonus shares to its members out of the capital redemption reserve account.
(d) Debenture Redemption Reserve:
During the previous year, the Company has repaid its outstanding liabilities towards Non-Convertible Debentures.Accordingly, in pursuance of Rule 18(7)(b)(iii) of the Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules, 2014, the balancein the Debenture Redemption Reserve has been transferred to the General Reserve.
(e) Treasury Shares:
Reliance Infrastructure ESOS Trust has in substance acted as an agent and the Company as a sponsor retains the majorityof the risks rewards relating to funding arrangement. Accordingly, the Company has recognised issue of shares to the Trustas the issue of treasury shares by consolidating Trust into standalone financial statements of the Company.
(f) Employee Stock Option Outstanding
The fair value of the equity-settled share based payment transactions is recognised in the standalone statement of profitand loss with corresponding credit to Employee Stock Options Outstanding Account.
(g) Retained Earning
Retained earnings are the profits that the Company has earned till date, less any transfers to general reserve, dividends orother distributions paid to shareholders.
(h) Other comprehensive Reserve
Cumulative gains and losses arising from fair value changes of equity investments measured at fair value through othercomprehensive income are recognised in other comprehensive income. The reserve balance represents such changesrecognised net of amounts reclassified to retained earnings on disposal of such investments.
17.2 Money received against share warrants
During the previous year, the Company allotted 12.56 crore warrants, at a price of H 240 per warrant (including a premium ofH 230 per warrant on equity share of face value of H 10 each), convertible into equivalent number of equity shares of theCompany. The Company has received application and allotment money H 753.60 crore during the previous year and H 225 croreduring the current year. The proceeds were utilised during the current year and previous year towards expansion of businessoperations directly and/ or through investment in subsidiaries and general corporate purpose.
During the current year, upon exercise of an equivalent number of warrants, the Company issued and allotted 1.25 crore fullypaid up equity shares to a promoter group company. Remaining 11.31 crore warrants that were not exercised by the warrantholders within the stipulated period lapsed and the warrant subscription amount of H 678.60 crore has been forfeited in the monthof April 2026 in accordance with the provisions of SEBI ICDR Regulations.
17.3 During the financial year 2019-20, due to unforeseen circumstances beyond the control of the Company, on account of invocationof pledge by a lender on the Company's strategic investment in equity shares of Reliance Power Limited and sale thereafterhad resulted in significant losses and also reduction in the fair value of the remaining investment on mark to market basis. TheCompany, based on expert opinion, adjusted such loss and reduction in the value aggregating to H 5,024.88 crore of its strategicinvestments against the capital reserve. The aforesaid accounting treatment had been addressed by the statutory auditors intheir audit reports. During the current year, the Company has changed such accounting treatment in accordance with Ind AS 1,'Presentation of Financial Statements'; Ind AS 109, 'Financial Instruments' and Ind AS 28, 'Investment in Associates and JointVentures' and in accordance with Ind AS 8 'Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors' loss on invocationand fair valuation of investment adjusted against retained earnings, retrospectively.
17.4 The Scheme of Arrangement (“Scheme”) between the Company (“Transferee Company” or “Reliance Infra”) and itswholly owned Subsidiary, Reliance Velocity Limited (“Transferor Company” or “RVL”) and their respective shareholdersand creditors under Sections 230 - 232 of the Companies Act, 2013 was sanctioned by the Hon’ble National CompanyLaw Tribunal by its order dated September 1,2025, and became effective on the Appointed date i.e. September 30, 2025.In accordance with the requirements for common control transactions under Ind AS 103 ‘Business Combinations’, theamalgamation has been accounted for using the ‘Pooling of Interests method’. The comparative figures of statement ofprofit and loss for the year ended March 31,2025, and Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2025 and 01 April 2024 have beenrestated to give effect to the amalgamation. Pursuant to the Scheme, (a) the Company has adjusted the debit balancein the Profit and Loss account (Retained Earnings) as on the Appointed Date i.e. September 30, 2025 against (i) CapitalRedemption Reserve of H 130.03 crore (ii) Capital Reserve of H 5,179.96 crore, (iii) General Reserve of H 497.41 croreand (iv) Securities Premium Account of H 5,533.49 crore. Further, with effect from the Appointed Date, (b) the balancein other comprehensive income account of H 18,142.17 crore, combined with the existing balance of securities premiumaccount. The said adjustment is in accordance with the NCLT Order and overriding the applicable Ind AS requirementsto this extent.
18.1 Intercorporate secured Deposit from others H 85 crore (Previous year H 85 crore) are secured by first ranking exclusive mortgagedover the Identified Fixed assets buildings situated in Mumbai and all of the Company’s rights, title, interest and benefits in, to andunder a specific bank account of Company (Creation/modification of charges pending with RoC). The rate of Interest is 11.50%.
18.2 Inter Corporate Deposit from related parties are secured by First Pari-Passu charge on all Current and Non-Current Assets of theborrower present and future including movable and immovable, without limitation Investments, book debts, receivables, claims,securities, stocks etc.
18.3 The Company, at its Board Meeting held on November 11,2025, approved seeking enabling authorisation from the members forthe issuance of Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds (FCCBs) aggregating up to U.S.$ 600 million. The said authorisation wassubsequently approved by the shareholders through a Postal Ballot on December 18, 2025. The proposed issuance of FCCBsis subject to receipts of requisite necessary approval.
18.4 Interest rate on Inter Corporate Deposit ranges from 0% to 14.25%.
18.5 Refer Note 11.3.
18.6 Intercorporate Deposit from Others of t 85.00 crore (Principal undiscounted) is due for repayment on or before March, 2028 andt 196.00 Crore (Principal undiscounted) is due for repayment September, 2031 onwards.
18.7 During the year, the Company has not been declared willful defaulter by any bank, financial institution or any other lender.
18.8 Working Capital Loans (Non Fund Based) from Banks are secured by way of first pari-passu charge on stock, book debts, othercurrent assets and additionally secured by a specific immovable property of the Company located at Mumbai. Statements ofCurrent Assets filed by the Company with its bankers are in agreement with books of account.
18.9 The Company has not taken any new facility during the year.
20.1 Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement dated May 23, 2025 entered into with Cosmea Business Acquisitions Private Limited,the guarantee holder, the Company settled its obligation towards the corporate guarantees aggregating H 1,673 crore issuedon behalf of the EPC company and other entities, for an amount of H 425 crore out of which H 25 crore along with interest duethereon has been paid in current year. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, no cash call shall be made against the Companyfor next 10 years and the Company can settle the obligation with interest, at its discretion anytime on or before the expiry of10 years, on cash or non-cash basis including by issue of shares, subject to the applicable provisions of law and requisitepermissions, sanctions and approvals. The said liability is secured against the current assets, present and future of the Companyon the subservient charge basis (modification of charges pending with ROC), before the settlement this security was given forunderlined Corporate Guarantees.
20.2 Other Financial Liabilities includes a Recompense and premium on recompense of H 253.77 crore (Previous Year H 238.70crore), payable to the lenders, Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement dated March 28, 2025 entered into by the Companywith the lenders, wherein the lenders have the right to recompense from the Company in the event any amount is received bythe Company from any liquidity event. Upon exercise of this right, the recompense amount shall be secured by a first-rankingexclusive mortgage over the identified fixed assets (buildings) situated in Mumbai (Creation of charges pending with ROC).
32 (a) Contingent Liabilities:
i) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts and under litigation aggregates to H 766.67 crore (March31,2025 H 1,118.91 crore). These include claim from suppliers H 96.90 crore (March 31,2025 H 91.76 crore), incometax claims H 406.34 crore (March 31, 2025 H 599.57 crore), indirect tax claims H 173.65 crore (March 31, 2025H 356.89 crore) and other claims H 89.79 crore (March 31,2025 H 70.69 crore). The above claims do not includeclaims/arbitration against the Company by the suppliers where the Company has also filed counter claims as theCompany does not expect any liability.
ii) With respect of Energy Purchase Agreement (EPA) entered with Dhursar Solar Power Private Limited (DSPPL),The Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission (MERC) vide order dated October 21,2016 allowed partial costclaimed by the Company. Aggrieved by the said order, the Company had challenged the said order before AppellateTribunal for Electricity (APTEL). The APTEL has upheld the findings of MERC and the Company filed an appeal beforethe Supreme Court of India against the APTEL Order. The matter is currently pending before the Supreme Court ofIndia. Post transfer of Mumbai Power Business to Reliance Electric Generation and Supply Limited (REGSL), inter¬se agreement was entered between REGCL, DSPPL and the Company, whereby the Company has agreed that theliability of REGSL to make tariff payments for the energy supplied by DSPPL is limited to the MERC approved tariffand the Company has agreed to pay the differential amount between tariff payment as per EPA and MERC approvedtariff to the DSPPL thorough an agreement cum indemnity. Pending outcome of the matter, the Company continuesto account differential expenditure as cost on monthly basis. The Company has also legally been advised that it hasgood case on merit and have fair chance to succeed. Based on the above facts the Company has not considered thesaid agreement cum indemnity as an Onerous Contract.
(b) Capital and Other Commitments:
i) Uncalled liability on partly paid warrants H199.87 crore (March 31, 2025 H 199.87 crore) out of which H Nil crore(March 31,2025 H 188.94 crore) will be adjusted against existing inter corporate deposit given to the Warrant Issuer.(Refer Note 6 $$)
ii) The Company has given equity / fund support / other undertakings for setting up of projects / cost overrun in respectof various infrastructure and power projects being set up by Company’s subsidiaries and associates; the amounts ofwhich currently are not ascertainable.
(c) During the financial year 2020-21, the Company, as a part of settlement with Yes Bank Limited, had sold its investmentproperty including Property, plant and equipment at Santacruz at a total transaction value of H 1,200 crore through theconveyance deed entered with Yes Bank Limited. The Company is entitled to exercise its rights/option to buy back thisproperty after 8.5 years from the date of sale, subject to fulfilment of the condition precedents at an agreed price as peroption agreement entered between parties.
33. Related Party Disclosures:
As per Ind AS - 24 “Related Party Disclosures”, the Company’s related parties and transactions with them in the ordinary course
of business are disclosed below:
(iii) Investing Party - Risee Infinity Private Limited (RIPL) and Reliance Project Ventures and Management PrivateLimited (RPVMPL).
(iv) Persons having control over the Investing Party - Shri Anil D Ambani and Family, being part of promoter / promotergroup of the Company.
(v) Enterprises over which person described in (iv) has control / significant influence - Reliance Transport and TravelsPrivate Limited and Vihaan43 Realty Private Limited.
Pursuant to the Special Resolution dated March 23, 2025 approving the alteration of the Articles of Association of theCompany, Shri Anil D. Ambani and Family ceased to exercise control over the Company. Accordingly, person / entitiesreferred to in (iii), (iv) and (v) above are not related parties of the Company as per Ind AS 24 with effect from March 23, 2025.
(ii) Balance sheet heads (Closing balance- Gross)
March 31,2026
Trade Payables, Advances received and other liabilities for receiving of services: SsPoL H 276.50 crore, DSPPLH 324.62 crore.
Investment in Equity of RePL H 1297.54 crore, TKTRPL H 168.39 crore, CBDT H 166.03 crore, BRPL H 12,897.19crore, BYPL H 5,964.95 crore, BKPL H 244.07 crore, RDL H 953.7 crore, UPL H 66.84 crore. Inter Corporate Deposit(ICD) Taken: DSPPL H 40.35 crore, BKPL H 118.10 crore and DSTRPL H179.43 crore. Inter Corporate Deposit(ICD) Given: MMOPL H 283.79 crore, DAMEPL H 74.12 crore, PSTRPL H 147.55 crore, RAL H 110.51 crore, TDTRPLH 119.00 crore, JRTRPL H 89.3 crore, RPTL H 55.56 crore, SUTRPL H 36.31 crore, RePL H 127.03 crore and RDLH 26.57 crore and RBGTL H 28.67 crore. Subordinate debt given to PSTL H 1,078.51 crore, DAMEPL H 787.53crore, HKTRPL H 302.26 crore, JRTRPL H 156.18 crore, TKTRPL H 215.04 crore, NKTRL H 110.66 crore andMMOPL H 237.99 crore, RDL H 70.89 crore, RPTL H 54.63 crore and TDTRPL H 34.67 crore. CCD issued : RDLH 225 crore Investment in Share Warrants: Repl H 89.02 crore. Trade Receivables, Advances given and otherreceivables for rendering services SaPol H. 1,932.24 crore and TKTR H 36.26 crore. Non-Current Assets Heldfor sale and Discontinued Operations of KMTL H 510.94 crore. Interest receivable on ICD & Sub Debts: MMOPLH 249.86 crore, NKTRL H 100.06 crore, RDL H 51.85 crore and RAL H 40.56 crore. Interest Payable on ICD : DSTRPLH 33.04 crore and Dhursar Power H 28.67 crore.
March 31,2025
Trade Payables, Advances received and other liabilities for receiving of services: SaPoL H 276.50 crore, DSPPLH 302.44 crore.
Investment in Equity of RePL H 971.50 crore, MMOPL H 799.54 crore, DSTRPL H 80.09 crore, TDTRPL H 99.82 crore,TKTRPL H 189.73 crore, GFTRPL H 195.12 crore, CBDT H 166.03 crore, BRPL H 12,200.07 crore, BYPL H 6,058.83crore, BKPL H 148.76 crore, RADL H 85.42 crore, RDL H 1042.72 crore and UPL H 66.84 crore. Inter Corporate Deposit(ICD) Taken: DSPPL H 40.35 crore. Inter Corporate Deposit (ICD) Given: MMOPL H 283.79 crore, DAMEPL H 69.06crore, PSTRPL H 147.50 crore, RAL H 104.25 crore, TDTRPL H 119.00 crore, JRTRPL H 75.52 crore, RPTL H 55.56crore, RAL H 128.51 crore, RePL H 238.09 crore. Subordinate debt given to PSTL H 1,078.51 crore, DAMEPL H 787.53crore, HKTRPL H 302.26 crore, GFTRPL H 128.59 crore, JRTRPL H 156.18 crore, TKTRPL H 215.04 crore, NKTRLH 110.66 crore and MMOPL H 237.99 crore, DSTRL H 46.80 crore, RDL H 70.89 crore, RPTL H 54.63 crore.Investment in Share Warrants: Repl H 415.06 crore.Trade Receivables, Advances given and other receivables forrendering services SaPol H 1,932.24 crore., TKTRPL H 36.25 crore, Non-Current Assets Held for sale and DiscontinuedOperations of KMTL H 544.94 crore. Interest receivable on ICD & Sub Debts: MMOPL H 249.86 crore, NKTRLH 194.74 Crore, RDL H 40.82 crore.
(iii) Guarantees and CollateralsMarch 31,2026
PSTL H 490.01 crore, RPTL H 44.38 Crore and DAMEPL H 19.36 croreMarch 31,2025
PSTL H 597.99 crore, RPTL H 44.38 crore and DAMEPL H 19.36 crore
Notes:
1) The above disclosure does not include transactions with/as public utility service providers, viz, electricity, travelling,telecommunications etc. in the normal course of business.
2) Transactions with Related Party which are in excess of 10% of the total revenue of the Company as per standalonefinancial statements are considered as Material Related Party Transactions.
34. Interest in Jointly Controlled Operations
(i) Block SP(N) - CBM - 2005 / III (Coal Bed Methane): The Company along with M/s. Geopetrol International Inc. andReliance Power Limited *(the consortium) was allotted 4 Coal Bed Methane (CBM) blocks from Ministry of Petroleum andNatural Gas (Mo PNG) covering an acreage of 3,266 square kilometres in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradeshand Rajasthan. The consortium had entered into a contract with Government of India for exploration and production of CBMgas from these four CBM blocks. The Company as part of the consortium had 45% share in each of the four blocks. M/s.Geopetrol International Inc was appointed the operator on behalf of the consortium for all the four CBM blocks. In SP (N)CBM block, Company subsequently acquired 10% share and Operatorship from M/s. Geopetrol International Inc.
The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the transfer of operatorship from M/s. Geopetrol International Incto the Company on February 14, 2015. Mo PNG approved the same on April 28, 2016 and amendment to Contract hasbeen conveyed on January 29, 2018. DGH approved exploration Phase-II commencement date as February 28, 2018 withCompany as Operator. Currently the company is awaiting the change of ownership of Environment clearance which wasapplied to Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change on March 28, 2018.
(ii) RInfra Astaldi Joint Venture (Metro): The Company along with ASTALDI S.p.A. (ASTALDI), a company incorporatedunder the law of Italy, consortium was allotted a project for Part Design and Construction of Elevated Viaduct and ElevatedStations [Excluding Architectural Finishing & Pre-engineered steel roof structure of Stations] from Chainage (-) 550 M TO31872.088 M of LINE-4 CORRIDOR [Wadala-Ghatkopar-Mulund-Thane Kasarvadavali] of Mumbai Metro Rail Project ofMMRDA. Company has entered into subcontract agreement with Milan Road Buildtech LLP (MILAN) for balance projectwork with effective date from 01st October 2021.
(iii) Rinfra & Construction Association Interbudmntazh JT Stock Co. Ukraine (JV): The Company along with “ConstructionAssociation Interbudmontazh” (CAI), a company registered at Ukraine, consortium was allotted a project from Ministry ofRoad Transport & Highways (MoRTH) through PWD, Maharashtra for Rehabilitation and Upgradation of NH-66 (ErstwhileNH-17) including 6 Lanes near Parshuram village in the State of Maharashtra under NHDP-IV on EPC Mode of Contract.
35. Segment Reporting
(a) Description of segments and principal activities
The Company is predominantly engaged in the business of Engineering and Construction (E&C). E&C segment renderscomprehensive, value-added services in construction, erection and commissioning. All other activities of the Company areintegrally related to the E&C business and do meet the criteria for separate reporting. Accordingly, the Company has noseparate reportable segments in terms of Ind AS 108- Operating Segments.
(b) Information about Major Customer
Revenue from operations includes H 228.49 crore (Previous Year H 203.85 crore) from three customer having more than10% of the total revenue.
(c) Geographical Segment:
The Company’s operations are mainly confined in India. The Company does not have material earnings from businesssegment outside India. As such, there are no reportable geographical segments.
36. As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 every Company is under obligation to incur expenses towards Corporate SocialResponsibilities (CSR), being 2% of the average net profit during the three immediately preceding financial years calculated inthe manner as stated in the Act. However, in view of losses incurred by the Company during the three immediately precedingfinancial years, the Company’s CSR obligation is H Nil (Previous Year H Nil). However, the Company has a duly constitutedCorporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Committee (CSRS Committee) in compliance with the provisions of Section135 of the Act read with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014.
37. During the previous year, pursuant to the consent terms / settment agreement, the entire dues of the EPC Company ofH 6,503.13 crore and dispute in regards the same stands fully settled by payment, assignment / transfer of the assets/ economicinterest in assets for H 5,777.13 crore, at fair value, based on valuation carried out by IBBI registered independent valuers andfairness opinion on the same from a Merchant Banker and the balance amount of H 726 crore being Decreed Amount which isconverted to a secured loan and which is provided for as a matter of prudence.
Pursuant to the Consent Terms, as part of the assignment, the EPC Company has;
a. Assigned entire economic rights of its shareholding in Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha Limited, NorthEastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha Limited and Southern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha Limited,(“collectively referred as Odisha Discoms”) at an aggregate value of H 4,593.10 crore and shares and securities in certainunlisted entities at an aggregate value of H 155.01 crore (Refer Note 6 (D));
b. Assigned its receivables pertaining to Arbitration Awards and Claims of certain road SPVs of the Company, at a fair valueof H 896.29 crore. Considering the contingent nature of the same, the Company has as a matter of prudence provided forthe same during the previous year;
c. Assigned / transferred Loans & Advances of H 90.12 crore, Trade Receivables of H 38.61 crore and cash aggregating to H 4 crore.
d. The amount of H 726 crore, being Decreed Amount stands converted to a secured loan, which is provided for as a matter ofprudence during the previous year.
During the current year, Company has received H 30 crore against decree amount and provision of the same has beenreversed. The Company holds investments in economic rights in shares and securities of Odisha Discoms and certainunlisted entities, with an aggregate fair value of H 4,705.74 crore. The management conducted a fair valuation of theseeconomic rights, by an independent external valuation expert. The determination of the fair value involves the application ofjudgement and estimates, particularly in relation to key assumptions used in the valuation process. Based on the outcomeof this assessment, the Company is positive of recovering the fair value of investments in economic rights.
38. Exceptional Items:
Exceptional Items for the year ended March 31, 2026 includes, (i) Income from reversal of provision for financial guaranteeobligation H 264.30 crore, Reversal of amount due to customer for contract work H 242.19 crore, Reversal of Impairment Provisionof Investment in Sub debt H 128.60 crore, Reversal of Impairment Provision for Interest Accrued H 43.90 crore, Reversal ofAllowance for Expected Credit Loss ('ECL') of ICD Given of H 31.50 crore, Reversal of Allowance for ECL on Trade ReceivableH 24.58 crore, Arbitration claim received H 20.00 crore and Recovery from Investment written off H 5.00 crore (ii) Expenditures forImpairment on Investment in Subdebts H 526.01 crore, Allowance for ECL on Trade Receivable H 311.79 crore, Allowance for ECLon ICD Given H 251.20 crore, Investment in subdebts written off H 128.60 crore, Interest expenses on delayed payment of energypurchase invoices H 92.68 crore, Impairment on Investment in Share Warrants H 89.02 crore, Allowance for ECL on Contractassets H 34.56 crore, Written off Trade Receivable H 24.58 crore, Impairment of Investment in Preference Shares H 17.49 crore,Allowance for ECL on Balance with Government Authorities H 11.15 crore, Written off ICD Given H 1.50 crore, Allowance for ECLon Interest Accrued H 1.20 crore, Allowance for ECL on Advance to Vendor H 0.66 crore.
39. i) The Company is engaged in the business of providing infrastructural facilities as per Section 186 (11) read with Schedule
VI of the Act. Accordingly, Section 186 of the Act is not applicable to the Company.
ii) There are no transactions with struck off company during the year and there are no balances outstanding with struck offcompanies as per Section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013.
iii) No Fund have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources orkind of funds) by the Company to or in any person or entity, including foreign entities (‘Intermediaries’) with the understanding,whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the intermediary shall land or invest in party identified by or on behalf of theCompany (‘ultimate beneficiaries’). The Company has not received any funds from the any party with the understandingthat the Company shall whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other person or entities identified by or on behalf ofthe Company (‘ultimate beneficiaries’) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
iv) The Company has complied with the provision of section 2(87) of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies(Restrictions on number of layers) Rules, 2017.
v) The Company has not traded and invested in Crypto currency or virtual currency during the current year or previousfinancial year.
40. As on March 31,2026 the Company has net exposure except investment in equity share aggregating to (i) H 170.00 crore init one subsidiary (road SPV) and (ii) H 771.64 crore in Mumbai Metro One Private Limited (MMOPL), another subsidiary ofthe Company. The management has performed an impairment assessment of these investments, through valuation of thebusiness of these subsidiaries carried out by independent external valuation expert. The determination of the fair value involvesjudgement and estimates in relation to various assumptions including growth rates, discount rates, terminal value etc. Basedon this exercise, the Company is positive for recovering the said exposure from these subsidiaries. Accordingly, no furtherimpairment is required.
41. HK Toll Road Private Limited (HKTR), a wholly owned subsidiary, has been awarded the Concession on Build, Operate, andTransfer (BOT) basis, for six laning of Hosur-Krishnagiri section of National Highway No. 7 (Km 33.130 to Km 93.000) in thestate of Tamil Nadu under the Concession Agreement (CA) dated July 2, 2010. NHAI issued a Termination Notice on January 22,2024. On January 23, 2024 HKTR filed petition under Section 9 of the A&C Act, before DHC for stay on the Termination Notice.DHC vide its order dated January 25, 2024 disposed of the petition and directed the Arbitral Tribunal (about to be constituted) totreat the petition as an application u/s 17 of the A&C Act. The Arbitral Tribunal pronounced its order on the section 17 applicationon August 08, 2024, directing that the Termination Notice be kept in abeyance till the final adjudication of disputes between theparties and NHAI to deposit into the Escrow Account the toll collections from January 22, 2024 onwards till the date of handoverof the Project to HKTR. NHAI challenged the same before the DHC on August 12, 2024. DHC on April 17, 2025 set aside theorder dated August 08, 2024 of the Arbitral Tribunal. HKTR has filed a Special Leave Petition before the SC and Notice is issuedto NHAI on May 02, 2025 and the SLP was listed on May 19, 2026 for final arguments. The SC will decide the question of lawin the matter. Meanwhile, the pleadings in the main arbitration are completed and HKTR filed its evidence affidavits in August/September 2025. Cross-examination of the witnesses are pending. As HKTR has defaulted on its loan repayments, one of itslenders has filed a petition u/s 7 of the IBC before NCLT for initiation of CIRP which is reserved for orders. As on March 31,2026, the Company's net exposure to HKTR stands at HNil (Net of Provision H318.13 crore), comprising of subordinated debt andreceivables. As a matter of prudence, the Company has fully provided the same in previous year.
42. Pursuant to orders issued by the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) dated April 8, 2025, MIDC hasresumed possession of the lands leased to five step-down subsidiaries (Airport SPVs) of the Company—namely BaramatiAirport Limited, Osmanabad Airport Limited, Latur Airport Limited, Nanded Airport Limited, and Yavatmal Airport Limited—alongwith all buildings and structures situated thereon. In response the Airport SPVs by their letters dated April 22, 2025 had opposedthese actions and clarified that the Resumption Order was contrary to the terms of the Lease Deed and ought to be withdrawnby MIDC. Further, May 12, 2025, the Airport SPVs have issued their respective Notice for Conciliation in accordance with theLease Deeds. Response from MIDC to the conciliation notice is awaited. During the contemporaneous period, the SPVs wasin discussion with MIDC Officials for an amicable resolution of the matter and a favourable consideration of the SPVs request.However, in view of the fact that no favourable consideration is received, as a matter of prudence, the Company has recognisedimpairment H44.61 crore against Airport SPVs.
43. On March 06, 2024, Hon’ble Delhi High Court (DHC) had allowed the appeal filed against the Company by Shanghai ElectricGroup Co Ltd (SEC) against the judgement of Single Judge of Hon’ble DHC dismissing its petition under Section 9 of A & C Act.The appeal proceedings initiated by the Company before the Court of Appeal, Republic of Singapore, in proceedings againstthe award of December 2022 for a sum of U.S.$ 146 million (~ H 1,384 crore), and interest thereon, was taken up for hearingand dismissed. The detailed Judgement in this regard has been pronounced on December 17, 2024. In addition to above,on November 15, 2024, the Singapore International Arbitration Centre (“SIAC”) arbitral tribunal awarded a sum of U.S.$ 6.84million (~ H 82 crore) and interest thereon, in favour of SEC, in another arbitration matter. The Company is currently contestingproceedings initiated by SEC. The Company has made adequate provision in the standalone financial statement of the Company.
44. Pursuant to an application under Section 9 of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 filed by a creditor, the National CompanyLaw Tribunal, Mumbai (NCLT) passed an order dated May 30, 2025 admitting the Company into Corporate Insolvency ResolutionProcess (CIRP). The Company, having already made full payment of the entire amount claimed by the creditors, preferred anappeal before the Hon’ble National Company Law Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi (NCLAT). The NCLAT, vide its order dated June4, 2025, was pleased to suspend the impugned order and vide order dated July 18, 2025, to stay the said order and the CIRPagainst the Company until further order. The matter is currently pending.
In another matter which was earlier disposed-off by NCLT vide its order dated August 21,2025 on account of settlement betweenthe parties, the operational creditor has filed a restoration application and the same is pending.
45. The Company has used accounting software for maintaining its books of account for the year ended March 31,2026, which hasan audit trail (edit log) feature enabled at the application level, and such feature operated throughout the year for all relevanttransactions recorded in the software. In addition to the application-level audit trail, the Company has enabled database-levelaudit logging as an additional monitoring mechanism. The current database logging configuration has been designed basedon operational and performance considerations and captures key database activities. While the level of detail available in suchlogs differs from the application-level audit trail and may not include extended SQL-level change information for all scenarios,the Company relies primarily on the application-level audit trail for tracking changes to accounting records and transactions.Further, no instance of tampering with the application-level audit trail feature was identified during the year. The audit trail recordsgenerated by the system have been preserved in accordance with the Company's record retention practices. Managementwill continue to evaluate opportunities for enhancing database logging configurations in line with business, operational, andmonitoring requirements.
46. Impact of change in Accounting Policy for fair valuation of investments in equity share of subsidiariesthrough other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
The majority of investments in the Company's balance sheet are comprised of investments made in its Subsidiaries. TheCompany had so far maintained an accounting policy of carrying investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at cost lessaccumulated impairment losses. The Company has voluntarily changed its accounting policy to provide more timely visibilityinto the performance of invested capital and reflect the true value of its subsidiaries, in keeping with the provisions of Ind AS8 ‘Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors’ to measure its equity investments in subsidiaries in thestandalone financial statement from cost less impairment as per Ind AS 27 ‘Separate Financial Statements’ to fair value throughother comprehensive income as per Ind AS 109 ‘Financial instruments’ with retrospective effect. Investments in equity share ofsubsidiaries are now classified as fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) with changes in fair value of suchinvestments being recognised through other comprehensive income (OCI) as on each reporting date. The impact of the changein accounting policy is presented below:
47. During the year, the Enforcement Directorate ('ED') conducted search operations at theCompany's premises in exercise of itspowers under Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 ('PMLA') Subsequently, the ED (i) provisionally attached 37 immovableproperties owned by the Company, including its shareholding in its subsidiaries i.e. BSES Rajdhani Power Limited, BSES YamunaPower Limited and Mumbai Metro One Private Limited. Further under Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 ('FEMA') a lienaggregating to H 77.86 crore has been provisionally marked on balances held across 13 bank accounts of the Company. TheCompany has filed a Writ Petition before the Bombay High Court ("BHC") assailing the actions of ED. The matter is pending.The provisional attachment orders related to with regard to 37 immovable properties have been confirmed by the AdjudicatingAuthority in April 2026 under PMLA for a period of 365 days and the Company is in the process of filing an Appeal challengingthe same. Further, the adjudication proceedings in respect of the provisional attachment orders related to shareholding in itssubsidiaries and the marking of lien on the bank account of the Company are underway before the authorities.
Separately, the Company has received a Show Cause Notice ("SCN") dated September 30, 2025 on October 06, 2025 from theSecurities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) alleging violation of SEBI (Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices)Regulations, 2003 read with SEBI Act, 1992. The Company has filed application for settlement with SEBI and the adjudicationprocess arising of the SCN is pending.
On November 19, 2025, a communication has been received from the Serious Frauds Investigation Office ("SFIO") seeking certaininformation. The Company has filed a Writ Petition before the BHC seeking disclosure of the order passed by the Ministry ofCorporate Affairs basis which information is sought from the Company by SFIO. In such proceedings, the BHC vide order datedDecember 24, 2025 extended the time granted to the Company to submit complete details pursuant to the communication receivedfrom SFIO and expressly restrained SFIO from taking any coercive action in the event of non-compliance. The matter is pending.The requisite disclosures to the stock exchanges in accordance with Regulation 30 of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015 havebeen intimated to the Stock Exchanges by the Company in this regard and pending final outcomes of these proceedings, and giventhe current stage of the matters, no adjustment has been made in the standalone audited financial statement as on March 31,2026.
48. The Company in its Board Meeting dated October 1, 2024 had approved an Employees Stock Option Scheme (ESOS)under the “Reliance Infrastructure Employee Stock Option Scheme, 2024”, which will be administered by the Nomination andRemuneration Committee (NRC), designated as the Compensation Committee of the Company. The Scheme provides for grantupto 2,60,00,000 stock options to eligible employee of the Company or group company(ies), its subsidiaries and its associates(present and future, if any) across all cadres in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share BasedEmployee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021, as amended.
Pursuant to the above Scheme, the NRC at its meeting held on November 11,2025, approved the grant of 51,20,312 EmployeeStock Options (ESOPs) to eligible employees of the Company and its subsidiaries in accordance with the provisions of the SEBI(Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021..
In accordance with Ind AS 102,’ Share-based Payment’, the Company has recognized an expense of H 3.42 crore towards ESOPduring the year. The expense has been recognized over the vesting period based on the fair value of options determined on thegrant date and is included under Employee Benefits Expense, with a corresponding credit to Other Equity (“Employee StockOption Outstanding”).
Valuation of stock options
The fair value of stock options granted during the period has been measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing modelat the date of the grant. The Black-Scholes option pricing model includes assumptions regarding dividend yields, expectedvolatility, expected terms and risk free interest rates. The key inputs and assumptions used are as follows:
Stock Price: The closing Equity price as per the information available on NSE one day prior to the date of grant.
Exercise Price: Exercise Price is the market price or face value or such other price as determined by the Remunerationand Compensation Committee.
Volatility: The historical volatility over the expected life has been considered to calculate the fair value of options.
Time to Maturity: Time to Maturity / Expected Life of options is the period for which the Company expects theoptions to be live.
Risk-free rate of return: The risk-free interest rate being considered for the calculation is the interest rate applicable for amaturity equal to the expected life of the options based on the zero-coupon yield curve for Government Securities.
Expected dividend yield: Expected dividend yield has been calculated as dividend paid divided by market price as onthe date of grant.
(b) Defined Benefit PlanProvident Fund
Eligible employees of the Company receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined benefit plan. Both, the eligibleemployee and the Company make monthly contributions to the provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of thecovered employee's salary. The trust invests in specific designated instruments as permitted by Indian law. The remainingportion is contributed to the government administered pension fund. The rate at which the annual interest is payable to thebeneficiaries by the trust is being administered by the Government of India. The Company has an obligation to make goodthe shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the Trust and the notified interest rate. The Company hasmade contribution to providend fund H 2.77 crore (March 31,2025 : H 2.02 crore).
Gratuity
The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees as per thePayment of Gratuity Act,1972. The plan provides for a lump-sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death whilein employment or on termination of employment of an amount equivalent to 15 salary drawn for each completed years ofservice in line with the Payment of Grauity Act, 1972 or Company scheme whichever is beneficial. Vesting occurs uponcompletion of five years of service. The Company makes annual contributions to gratuity funds established as trusts or
The above sensitivity analysis is performed by varying a single parameter while keeping all the other parameters unchanged
Sensitivity analysis fails to focus on the interrelationship between underlying parameters. Hence, the results may vary if two
or more variables are changed simultaneously.
The method used does not indicate anything about the likelihood of change in any parameter and the extent of
the change if any.
Risk Exposure:
Actuarial Risk: It is the risk that benefits will cost more than expected. This can arise due to one of the following reasons:
a) Adverse Salary Growth Experience: Salary hikes that are higher than the assumed salary escalation will result into anincrease in Obligation at a rate that is higher than expected
b) Variability in mortality rates: If actual mortality rates are higher than assumed mortality rate assumption than theGratuity Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. Since there is no condition of vesting on the death benefit, theacceleration of cashflow will lead to an actuarial loss or gain depending on the relative values of the assumed salarygrowth and discount rate.
c) Variability in withdrawal rates: If actual withdrawal rates are higher than assumed withdrawal rate assumption than theGratuity Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. The impact of this will depend on whether the benefits are vestedas at the resignation date.
Investment Risk: The present value of the assets is independent of the future discount rate. This can result in widefluctuations in the net liability or the funded status if there are significant changes in the discount rate during the inter¬valuation period.
Liquidity Risk: Employees with high salaries and long durations or those higher in hierarchy, accumulate significantlevel of benefits. If some of such employees resign/retire from the company there can be strain on the cashflows.
Market Risk: Market risk is a collective term for risks that are related to the changes and fluctuations of the financialmarkets. One actuarial assumption that has a material effect is the discount rate. The discount rate reflects the timevalue of money. An increase in discount rate leads to decrease in Defined Benefit Obligation of the plan benefits & viceversa. This assumption depends on the yields on the corporate/government bonds and hence the valuation of liabilityis exposed to fluctuations in the yields as at the valuation date.
Legislative Risk: Legislative risk is the risk of increase in the plan liabilities or reduction in the plan assets due tochange in the legislation / regulation. The government may amend the Payment of Gratuity Act thus requiring thecompanies to pay higher benefits to the employees. This will directly affect the present value of the Defined BenefitObligation and the same will have to be recognized immediately in the year when any such amendment is effective.
51. During the previous year, the Company had repaid / settled nearly all its debt obligations payable to banks and financial institutionsincluding debenture holders. The Company remains confident in its ability to meet its balance obligations, from arbitral awardsand claims, monetization of assets and other sources. Accordingly, the Company continues to prepare its Standalone FinancialStatement on a ‘Going Concern’ basis.
52. Lease
a) The Company has entered into cancellable leasing agreement for office, residential and warehouse premises renewableby mutual consent on mutually agreeable terms. The Company has accounted H 3.36 crore as short term lease rental forthe financial year ended March 31,2026 (H 3.47 crore for the financial year ended March 31,2025).
b) The Company’s leased assets consist of office premises. Leases of office premises have lease term of 9 years. The leasesinclude non-cancellable periods of 3 years and renewable option at the discretion of lessee. The effective interest rate forlease liability is 12.35% per annum with maturity of 9 years.
(b) Fair value hierarchy
This section explains the judgments and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments thatare (a) recognised and measured at fair value and (b) measured at amortised cost. The carrying amount of financialassets and financial liabilities measured at amortised cost in the Financial Statements are a reasonable approximationof their fair values since the Company does not anticipate that the carrying amounts would be significantly differentfrom the values that would eventually be received or settled. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputsused in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribedunder the accounting standard. An explanation of each level follows underneath the table.
There have been no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for the year ended March 31,2026 and March 31,2025.
Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes mutual fundsand equity shares that have a quoted price. The fair value of all equity instruments which are traded in the stockexchanges is valued using the closing price as at the reporting period.
Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example over-the-counterderivatives) is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely aslittle as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable,the instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included inlevel 3. This is the case for unlisted equity securities, economic rights, debentures and financial guarantee which areincluded in level 3.
(c) Valuation technique used to determine fair value
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include
• the use of quoted market prices or dealer quotes for similar instruments
• the fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted cash flow analysis / Earnings/ EBITDA multiple method.
Investments in Mutual Fund carried at fair value are generally based on market price quotations. Investments inequity shares of subsidiaries and economic rights included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy have been valuedprimarily using the Discounted Cashflow Method, Comparable Company Method, Estimated recoverable value orNet Assets Value method to arrive at their fair value. Financial Guarantee obligation have been valued using creditdefault spread to arrive at their fair value. Fair values are determined in whole or in part, using a valuation modelbased on assumptions that are neither supported by prices from observable current market transactions in thesame instrument nor are they based on available market data. The valuation requires management to make certainassumption about the model inputs including forecast cash flows, discount rate and volatility. Cost of other unquotedequity instruments has been considered as an appropriate estimate of fair value because of a wide range of possiblefair value measurements and cost represents the best estimate of fair value within that range.
Management uses its best judgement in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments. However, there areinherent limitations in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair valueestimates presented above are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could have realisedor paid in sale transactions as of respective dates. As such, fair value of financial instruments subsequent to thereporting dates may be different from the amounts reported at each reporting date.
(B) Financial Risk Management
The Company’s business activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risks and creditrisk. The Company's senior management has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company'srisk management framework. The Company has constituted a Risk Management Committee, which is responsible fordeveloping and monitoring the Company's risk management policies.
The Company’s risk management is carried out by the treasury department under policies approved by the board of directors.Treasury Department identifies, evaluates and hedge financial risks in close cooperation the Company’s operating units.
(a) Credit Risk
The Company is exposed to credit risk, which is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financialloss for the other party by failing to discharge an obligation. Financial instruments that are subject to credit risk andconcentration thereof principally consist of trade receivable, contract assets, loans and other receivable.
(i) Credit risk management
The Company has a policy of dealing only with credit worthy counter parties and obtaining sufficient collateral,where appropriate as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Company has two typesof financial assets that are subject to expected credit loss model:
a) Trade receivables, retentions on contract and contract assets
b) Loans and other receivables
While cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances are subject to impairment requirements of Ind AS109, the identified impairment on these assets is H Nil.
Trade receivables, retentions on contract and Contract Assets
Management makes the assessment of the credit risk on trade receivables and contract assets considering thecustomer profile. Customers of the Company mainly consists of the government promoted entities and somelarge private corporates. Considering the nature of business, each contract and its customer is evaluated forthe purpose of assessment of loss allowances. The reasons for loss allowances could be recovery of claims,
disputes with customer, customers ability to pay, delays in approval by government authorities, and expectedtime to recover the amount. Management makes an assessment considering facts of each contract, past trends,terms of the contract and accordingly considers the need for loss allowances, if any.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets are exposed to the risk of loss that may occur in future from the failure of counterpartiesor issuers to make payments according to the terms of the contract. The maximum exposure to credit riskfor each class of financial assets is the carrying amount of that class of financial instruments presented inthe balance sheet.
(b) Liquidity risk
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availabilityof funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities to meet obligations when due and to close outmarket positions. Due to the dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, Company treasury maintains flexibility infunding by maintaining availability under committed credit lines.
Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company’s liquidity position and cash and cash equivalents on thebasis of expected cash flows. This is generally carried out at local level in the operating companies of the Company inaccordance with practice and limits set by the Company. These limits vary by location to take into account the liquidityof the market in which the entity operates. In addition, the Company’s liquidity management policy involves projectingcash flows in major currencies and considering the level of liquid assets necessary to meet these, monitoring balancesheet liquidity ratios against internal and external regulatory requirements and maintaining debt financing plans.
Further in view of the certain cash flow mismatches the the time bound monetisation of assets as well as favourableand timely outcome of various claims will enable the Company to meet its obligation. The Company is confident thatsuch cash flows would enable it to service its debt, realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal courseof its business.
(c) Market risk
(i) Foreign currency risk
The Company operates in a business that exposes it to foreign exchange risk arising from foreign currencytransactions, primarily with respect to the USD. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactionsand recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the Company’s functional currency(INR). The risk is measured through a forecast of highly probable foreign currency cash flows. The objective ofthe Company is to minimize the volatility of the INR cash flows of highly probable forecast transactions.
(ii) Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or the future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuatebecause of changes in market interest rates. In order to optimize Company’s position with regard to interestincome and interest expenses and manage the interest rate risk, treasury performs a comprehensive corporateinterest rate risk management by balancing the proportion of fixed rate and floating rate financial instrument in itstotal portfolio. The Company’s fixed rate borrowings are carried at amortised cost. They are therefore not subjectto interest rate risk as defined in Ind AS 107.
(a) Interest rate risk exposure
The exposure of the Company’s borrowing to interest rate changes at the end of the reporting periodare as follows:
The Company does not have any borrowings at variable interest rate and hence, disclosure pertaining tointerest rate sensitivity is not applicable.
54. Capital Management
(a) The Company considers the following components of its Balance Sheet to be managed capital:
1. Total equity - Share Capital and Other reserves
2. Working capital.
(b) The Company manages its capital so as to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to optimise returns toour shareholders. The capital structure of the Company is based on management’s judgement of the appropriate balanceof key elements in order to meet its strategic and day-to-day needs. We consider the amount of capital in proportion to riskand manage the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlyingassets. The Company’s aim to translate profitable growth to superior cash generation through efficient capital management.
The Company's policy is to maintain a stable and strong capital structure with a focus on total equity so as to maintaininvestor, creditor, and market confidence and to sustain future development and growth of its business. The Company'sfocus is on keeping strong total equity base to ensure independence, security, as well as a high financial flexibility forpotential future borrowings, if required, without impacting the risk profile of the Company. The Company will take appropriatesteps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure.
a) Debt Service Coverage Ratio (In times): Decrease due to decriease in interest expenses on other financialliability and provision.
b) Trade Receivables turnover ratio (In times): Increase due to allowance for expected credit loss on trade receivable.
c) Trade payables turnover ratio (In times): Increase due to increase in other expenses during the year compared toprevious year.
d) Return on Capital employed (in %): Decrease mainly due to increase in exceptional items.
56. M/S Chaturvedi & Shah LLP (C&S), Statutory Auditors of the Company, vide their letter dated January 23, 2026 intimated theirintention to resign as Statutory Auditors of the Company after completion of the statutory audit for the financial year endedMarch 31, 2026 (FY 2025-26) and filed Form ADT- 4, under section 143(12) of the Companies Act, 2013. The said matterwas deliberated by the Audit Committee at its meeting held on January 31,2026 and it recorded that the reasons cited by theStatutory Auditors, including filing of Form ADT- 4 were incorrect, invalid, illegal and not tenable in law, including under theprovisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The Audit Committee noted that C&S have been acting as the Statutory Auditors of theCompany for more than five years and, during which period, it has been represented by three different signing partners andduring the said tenure the auditors never raised any issues as regards suspected fraud. The requisite disclosures to the stockexchanges in accordance with Regulation 30 of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015 have been duly made by the Company.
Additionally, on February 4, 2026, the Company has initiated disciplinary proceeding before the Institute of Chartered AccountantsIndia (ICAI) against C&S and its three signing partners for gross professional misconduct, including wrongful invocation ofsection 143(12) and mechanical filing of Form ADT-4 and instituted a writ petition before the Bombay High Court on February 17,2026. The matter is pending with ICAI and Bombay High Court.
57. Effective from November 21,2025, the Government of India has notified of four Labour Codes namely, The Code on Wages,2019, The Industrial Relations Code, 2020, The Code on Social Security, 2020 and The Occupational Safety, Health and WorkingConditions Code, 2020 ('Labour Code'). Accordingly, the incremental impact of these changes, assessed by the Company, onthe basis of the information available, consistent with the guidance provided by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India,is not material and has been recognised in the standalone financial statement of the Company for year ended March 31,2026.Once Central / State Rules are notified by the Government on all aspects of the Codes, the Company will evaluate additionalimpact, if any, on the measurement of employee benefits and would provide appropriate accounting treatment.
58. The restated figures for the previous year ended March 31,2025 and April 01,2024 have been regrouped and rearranged tomake them comparable with those of current year. Figures in bracket indicate previous year’s figures. @ - represents figures lessthan H 50,000 which have been shown at actual in brackets with @.
59. Pursuant to first proviso to sub-section (3) of section 129 of the Act, read with rule 5 of Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, theCompany has attached salient features of the financial statement of its subsidiaries, associates and joint-ventures in form AOC-1with its Consolidated Financial Statements.