We have audited the accompanying financial statementsof Fusion Finance Limited (Formerly Fusion Micro FinanceLimited) (the "Company"), which comprise the BalanceSheet as at 31st March 2025, and the Statement of Profitand Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), theStatement of Cash Flows and the Statement of Changesin Equity for the year ended on that date, and notes to thefinancial statements, including a summary of materialaccounting policies and other explanatory information.
In our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us, except forthe possible effects of the matter described in theBasis for Qualified Opinion section below, the aforesaidfinancial statements give the information required by theCompanies Act, 2013 (the "Act") in the manner so requiredand give a true and fair view in conformity with the IndianAccounting Standards prescribed under section 133 of theAct, ("Ind AS") and other accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Companyas at 31st March 2025, and its loss, total comprehensiveloss, its cash flows and the changes in equity for the yearended on that date.
Basis for Qualified Opinion
As stated in Note 60 to the financial statements, theCompany has not evaluated whether any of the expectedcredit allowances recognised in the year ended March 31,2025 should be retrospectively adjusted to the previouslyreported amounts in the prior year presented becauseof impracticability as described in Ind AS 8, AccountingPolicies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.In the absence of sufficient and appropriate evidence,we are unable to comment on the Company's basis ofimpracticability to evaluate and determine whether anyretrospective adjustment should have been made topreviously reported amounts in the prior year presented.
We conducted our audit of the financial statementsin accordance with the Standards on Auditing(“SA"s) specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our
responsibilities under those Standards are furtherdescribed in the Auditor's Responsibility for the Auditof the Financial Statements section of our report. Weare independent of the Company in accordance withthe Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of CharteredAccountants of India ("ICAI") together with the ethicalrequirements that are relevant to our audit of the financialstatements under the provisions of the Act and the Rulesmade thereunder and we have fulfilled our other ethicalresponsibilities in accordance with these requirementsand the ICAI's Code of Ethics. We believe that the auditevidence obtained by is sufficient and appropriate toprovide a basis for our qualified opinion on the financialstatements.
Material uncertainty related to Going Concern
We draw attention to Note 61 to the financial statementswhich describes the material uncertainty in relation tothe going concern assumption used in the preparationof the financial statements. This condition and othermatters stated in the Note indicate the existence ofmaterial uncertainty that may cast significant doubt onthe Company's ability to continue as a going concern.However, the financial statements of the Company havebeen prepared on a going concern basis for the reasonsstated in the said Note.
Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in ourprofessional judgment, were of most significance in ouraudit of the financial statements of the current period.These matters were addressed in the context of our auditof the financial statements as a whole, and in formingour opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separateopinion on these matters. In addition to the matterdescribed in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section andMaterial Uncertainty Related to Going Concern section ofour report, we have determined the matters describedbelow to be the key audit matters to be communicatedin our report.
Sr. No.
Key Audit Matter
Auditor's Response
1
Impairment of financial instruments(including provision for Expected CreditLoss) (As described in note 2.7 of the financialstatements)
Ind AS 109 requires the Company to providefor impairment of its loan receivables (financialinstruments) using the Expected Credit Loss(ECL) approach. ECL involves an estimationof probability-weighted loss on financialinstruments over their life, consideringreasonable and supportable information aboutpast events, current conditions, and forecasts offuture economic conditions which could impactthe credit quality of the Company’s loans andadvances.
In the process, a significant degree of judgementhas been applied by the management for:
a. Defining qualitative/ quantitative thresholdsfor ‘significant increase in credit risk’ ("SICR")and ‘default’.
b. Grouping of loan portfolio underhomogenous pools to determine probabilityof default on a collective basis.
c. Estimating recoveries to determine lossgiven default on a collective basis for loansthat have defaulted.
d. Determining effect of less frequent pastevents on future probability of default.
Principal audit procedures performed included the following:
We have examined the policies approved by the Board ofDirectors of the Company that articulate the objectives ofmanaging portfolio and their business models. We have alsoverified the methodology adopted for computation of ECL(“ECL Model”) that addresses policies approved by the Board ofDirectors, procedures and controls for assessing and measuringcredit risk on all lending exposures measured at amortised cost.
Additionally, we have also confirmed that adjustments to theoutput of the ECL model is consistent with the documentedrationale and the amount of adjustment has been approved bythe Board of Directors
Our audit procedures related to the allowance for ECL includedthe following, among others:
• Evaluation of the design and operating effectiveness ofcontrols across the processes relevant to ECL. These controls,among others, included controls over the allocation ofassets into stages;
• Involvement of Internal Specialist for review of stageclassification of Loan portfolio;
• Involvement of Internal Expert for evaluation andunderstanding of the model adopted by the Companyfor calculation of Expected Credit Losses including theappropriateness of the data on which the calculation isbased;
• Testing on sample basis, the input and historical data usedfor determining the Probability of Default (PD) and LossGiven Default (LGD) rates, model validation and agreeingthe data with the underlying books of account and records;
• Evaluated the incorporation of the applicable assumptionsinto the ECL Model and tested the mathematical accuracyand computation of the allowances by using the same inputdata used by the Company with the help of internal experts.
• Tested the adequacy of the adjustment after stressingthe inputs used in determining the output as per the ECLModel tested that the adjustment is in conformity with theamount approved by the Board of Directors.
• Evaluated that the Company’s ECL allowance is derived inaccordance with Ind AS 109
• Assessed the accuracy of disclosures made in relation to theECL allowance in accordance with Ind AS 107
(See also our comments in ‘Basis of Qualified opinion’ paragraphabove and in our report on Internal Financial Controls)
Information Other than the Financial Statements andAuditor's Report Thereon
• The Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for theother information. The other information comprises theManagement Discussion and Analysis and Board’s Reportincluding Annexures to Board Report but does not includethe financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon.The Management Discussion and Analysis and Board’sReport including Annexures to Board Report is expected tobe made available to us after the date of this auditor’s report.
• Our opinion on the financial statements does not coverthe other information and we do not express any form ofassurance conclusion thereon.
• In connection with our audit of the financial statements, ourresponsibility is to read the other information and, in doingso, consider whether the other information is materiallyinconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledgeobtained during the course of our audit or otherwise appearsto be materially misstated.
• When we read the other information, if we conclude thatthere is a material misstatement therein, we are required tocommunicate the matter to those charged with governanceas required under SA 720 ‘The Auditor’s responsibilitiesRelating to Other Information’
Responsibilities of Management and Board ofDirectors for the Financial Statements
The Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for thematters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect tothe preparation of these financial statements that give a trueand fair view of the financial position, financial performanceincluding other comprehensive income, cash flows and changesin equity of the Company in accordance with the accountingprinciples generally accepted in India, including Ind AS specifiedunder section 133 of the Act. This responsibility also includesmaintenance of adequate accounting records in accordancewith the provisions of the Act for safeguarding the assets ofthe Company and for preventing and detecting frauds andother irregularities; selection and application of appropriateaccounting policies; making judgments and estimates thatare reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation andmaintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that wereoperating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completenessof the accounting records, relevant to the preparation andpresentation of the financial statements that give a true and fairview and are free from material misstatement, whether due tofraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management and Boardof Directors are responsible for assessing the Company’s abilityto continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, mattersrelated to going concern and using the going concern basisof accounting unless the Board of Directors either intend to
liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realisticalternative but to do so.
The Company’s Board of Directors is also responsible foroverseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibility for the Audit of the FinancialStatements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether the financial statements as a whole are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and toissue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonableassurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee thatan audit conducted in accordance with SAs will always detect amaterial misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arisefrom fraud or error and are considered material if, individually orin the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influencethe economic decisions of users taken on the basis of thesefinancial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exerciseprofessional judgment and maintain professional skepticismthroughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of thefinancial statements, whether due to fraud or error, designand perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, andobtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate toprovide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting amaterial misstatement resulting from fraud is higher thanfor one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion,forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or theoverride of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internalfinancialcontrolsrelevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures thatare appropriate in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i)of the Act, we are also responsible for expressing our opinionon whether the Company has adequate internal financialcontrols with reference to financial statements in place andthe operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies usedand the reasonableness of accounting estimates and relateddisclosures made by the management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use ofthe going concern basis of accounting and, based on theaudit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertaintyexists related to events or conditions that may cast significantdoubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a goingconcern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists,we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s reportto the related disclosures in the financial statements or, ifsuch disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Ourconclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up tothe date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or
conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as agoing concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and contentof the financial statements, including the disclosures, andwhether the financial statements represent the underlyingtransactions and events in a manner that achieves fairpresentation.
Materiality is the magnitude of misstatements in the financialstatements that, individually or in aggregate, makes it probablethat the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeableuser of the financial statements may be influenced. We considerquantitative materiality and qualitative factors in (i) planning thescope of our audit work and in evaluating the results of our work;and (ii) to evaluate the effect of any identified misstatements inthe financial statements.
We communicate with those charged with governanceregarding, among other matters, the planned scope andtiming of the audit and significant audit findings, includingany significant deficiencies in internal financial controls that weidentify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statementthat we have complied with relevant ethical requirementsregarding independence, and to communicate with them allrelationships and other matters that may reasonably be thoughtto bear on our independence, and where applicable, relatedsafeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were of mostsignificance in the audit of the financial statements of thecurrent period and are therefore the key audit matters. Wedescribe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law orregulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when,in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a mattershould not be communicated in our report because the adverseconsequences of doing so would reasonably be expected tooutweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, based on our audit,we report that:
a) We have sought and except for the matter describedin sub-paragraph (b) of the Basis for Qualified Opinionsection above, obtained all the information andexplanations which to the best of our knowledge andbelief were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
b) In our opinion, except for the possible effects of thematter(s) described in the Basis for Qualified Opinionsection above, proper books of account as required by lawhave been kept by the Company.
c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profit and Lossincluding Other Comprehensive Income, the Statementof Cash Flows and Statement of Changes in Equity dealt
with by this Report are in agreement with the relevantbooks of account.
d) Except for the possible effects of the matter(s) describedin the Basis for Qualified Opinion section above, in ouropinion, the aforesaid financial statements comply withthe Ind AS specified under Section 133 of the Act.
e) The matter(s) described in the Basis for Qualified Opinionsection above and Material uncertainty related to GoingConcern section above, in our opinion, may have anadverse effect on the functioning of the Company.
f) On the basis of the written representations received fromthe directors as on 31st March, 2025 taken on record by theBoard of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified ason 31st March, 2025 from being appointed as a director interms of Section 164 (2) of the Act.
g) The qualification relating to the maintenance of accountsand other matters connected therewith, is as stated inthe Basis for Qualified Opinion section and in paragraph(b) above.
h) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financialcontrols with reference to financial statements of theCompany and the operating effectiveness of suchcontrols, refer to our separate Report in “Annexure A”.Our report expresses qualified opinion on the adequacyand operating effectiveness of the Company’s internalfinancial controls with reference to financial statementsfor the reasons stated therein.
i) In our opinion and to the best of our informationand according to the explanations given to us, theremuneration paid/ provided by the Company to itsdirector during the year is in excess of the limits laid downunder section 197 of the Act. The remuneration paid ofRs. 6.32 crore is in excess of the limit laid down under thissection.
j) With respect to the other matters to be included inthe Auditor’s Report in accordance with Rule 11 of theCompanies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, as amendedin our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us:
i. The Company has disclosed the impact of pendinglitigations on its financialposition in its financialstatements - Refer Note 51(a) to the financialstatements.
ii. The Company has made provision, as requiredunder the applicable law or accounting standards,for material foreseeable losses, if any, on long-termcontracts including derivative contracts - Refer Note51(e) to the financial statements;
iii. There were no amounts which were required to betransferred to the Investor Education and ProtectionFund by the Company.
iv. (a) The Management has represented that, to thebest of its knowledge and belief and as disclosed inthe note 57 (a) to the financial statements no fundshave been advanced or loaned or invested (eitherfrom borrowed funds or share premium or any othersources or kind of funds) by the Company to or inany other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreignentities (“Intermediaries”), with the understanding,whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that theIntermediary shall, directly or indirectly lend or investin other persons or entities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (“UltimateBeneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security orthe like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(b) The Management has represented, that, to the bestof its knowledge and belief and as disclosed in thenote 57 (b) to the financial statements, no funds havebeen received by the Company from any person(s)or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“FundingParties”), with the understanding, whether recordedin writing or otherwise, that the Company shall,directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons orentities identified in any manner whatsoever by or onbehalf of the Funding Party (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”)or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalfof the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(c) Based on the audit procedures performed that havebeen considered reasonable and appropriate in thecircumstances, nothing has come to our notice thathas caused us to believe that the representations
under sub-clause (i) and (ii) of Rule 11(e), as providedunder (a) and (b) above, contain any materialmisstatement.
v. The Company has not declared or paid any dividendduring the year and has not proposed final dividend forthe year.
vi. Based on our examination, which included test checks,the Company has used three accounting software formaintaining its books of account for the financial yearended 31st March 2025 which have the feature of recordingaudit trail (edit log) facility and the same has operatedthroughout the year for all relevant transactions recordedin the software. Further, during the course of our audit wedid not come across any instance of the audit trail featurebeing tampered with. The audit trail has been preservedby the Company as per the statutory requirements forrecord retention in respect of one software.
Additionally, audit trail feature for two accountingsoftware was not maintained for the year ended March 31,2024, hence reporting under Rule 11 (g) of the Companies(Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 on preservation of audittrail as per the statutory requirements for record retentionis not applicable in respect of those software.
2. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2020(“the Order”) issued by the Central Government in terms ofSection 143(11) of the Act, we give in “Annexure B” a statementon the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order.
For Deloitte Haskins & Sells
Chartered Accountants(Firm’s Registration No. 015125N)
Jitendra Agarwal
(Partner)
Place: Gurugram (Membership No. 087104)
Date: May 23, 2025 (UDIN: 25087104BMJGWA9458)