We have audited the accompanying Standalone Financial Statements of Ganges Securities Limited ("the Company"), whichcomprise the Standalone Balance sheet as at 31 March, 2026, the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (including the OtherComprehensive loss), the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows and the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity for the yearended on that date, and notes to the Standalone Financial Statements including a summary of material accounting policies andother explanatory information (hereinafter referred to as "the Standalone Financial Statements").
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid StandaloneFinancial Statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") in the manner so required and givea true and fair view in conformity with the Indian Accounting Standards prescribed under section 133 of the Act read withthe Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended, ("Ind AS") and other accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31 March, 2026 and its profit, other comprehensive loss, changes inequity and its cash flows for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements in accordance with the Standards on Auditing ('SAs') specifiedunder section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those Standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilitiesfor the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordancewith the 'Code of Ethics' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) together with the ethical requirementsthat are relevant to our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements under the provisions of the Act and the Rules madethereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the ICAI's Code ofEthics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinionon the Standalone Financial Statements.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the StandaloneFinancial Statements for the financial year ended 31st March 2026. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit ofthe Standalone Financial Statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinionon these matters. We have determined the matters described below as Key audit matters and for each matter, our description ofhow our audit addressed the matter is provided in that context.
How our audit addressed the key audit matter
Valuation in respect of investments:
The Company holds a portfolio of quoted equity, unquoted equityinvestments, government bonds and others with an aggregate carryingvalue of H54,140.90 Lakhs as at 31st March, 2026 representing 96.70% oftotal assets.
Quoted securities are measured at fair value using Level 1 inputs (quotedmarket prices), while unquoted investments are measured using Level3 inputs including asset approach, recent transaction price and otherunobservable inputs.
We identified this as a Key Audit Matter due to the material size of theportfolio, the significant degree of management judgement involvedin selecting valuation methodologies and assumptions for unquotedinvestments, and the direct impact of fair value changes on profit or lossand Other Comprehensive Income. The risk of misstatement is heightenedfor unquoted investments given the absence of observable market dataand the sensitivity of valuations to changes in key assumptions.
Primary Audit Procedures:
Obtained independently sourced price data from recognizedstock exchanges for investments traded in active markets andverified these against the fair values recorded by management,and reconciled the holdings to demat account statements totest completeness and accuracy of the portfolio. For investmentswhere active market prices were not available, reviewed valuationreports to assess the appropriateness of the methodologiesadopted by the valuation expert, independently evaluated keyassumptions used in the valuation models for investments.Evaluated the adequacy of related disclosures in the financialstatements, including fair value hierarchy classifications andquantitative sensitivity information, for compliance with IndAS 113.
Information Other than the Standalone Financial Statements and Auditor's Report Thereon
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of the other information. The other information comprisesthe information included in the Director's Report, but does not include the Standalone Financial Statements and our auditor'sreport thereon.
Our opinion on the Standalone Financial Statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form ofassurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the Standalone Financial Statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, indoing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the Standalone Financial Statements or ourknowledge obtained during the course of our audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we arerequired to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
Responsibility of Management and Those charged with governance for the Standalone Financial Statements
The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the matters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparationof these Standalone Financial Statements that give a true and fair view of the State of Affairs, Profit and other comprehensiveloss, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India,including the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under section 133 of the Act read with the Companies (IndianAccounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended. This responsibility also includes maintenance of adequate accounting recordsin accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding the assets of the Company and for preventing and detectingfrauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimatesthat are reasonable and prudent; and the design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, thatwere operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparationand presentation of the Standalone Financial Statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement,whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the Standalone Financial Statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company's ability tocontinue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basisof accounting unless the Board of directors either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realisticalternative but to do so.
Those Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Standalone Financial Statements as a whole are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonableassurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SAs will always detecta material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individuallyor in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of theseStandalone Financial Statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughoutthe audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the Standalone Financial Statements, whether due to fraud or error,design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriateto provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than forone resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override ofinternal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriatein the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether thecompany has adequate internal financial controls system in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and relateddisclosures made by the management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the management's use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the auditevidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt onthe Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required todraw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the Standalone Financial Statements or, if such disclosuresare inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of ourauditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the Standalone Financial Statements, including the disclosures,and whether the Standalone Financial Statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner thatachieves fair presentation.
Materiality is the magnitude of misstatements in the Standalone Financial Statements that, individually or in aggregate, makesit probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable user of the Standalone Financial Statements maybe influenced. We consider quantitative materiality and qualitative factors in (i) planning the scope of our audit work and inevaluating the results of our work; and (ii) to evaluate the effect of any identified misstatements in the Standalone FinancialStatements.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of theaudit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirementsregarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought tobear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of mostsignificance in the audit of the Standalone Financial Statements for the financial year ended 31 March, 2026 and are thereforethe key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosureabout the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in ourreport because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefitsof such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's report) Order, 2020 ("the Order") issued by the Central Government of India interms of section 143 (11) of the Act, we give in the "Annexure A" a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
2. As required by section 143 (3) of the Act, we report that:
a. We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and beliefwere necessary for the purposes of our audit;
b. In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears fromour examination of those books. except the matters stated in paragraph 2(f) below on reporting under rule 11(g) ofthe Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 and the back-up of the books of account and other relevant booksand papers in electronic mode is kept on servers physically located in India on daily basis.
c. The Standalone Balance Sheet, the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss including Other Comprehensive loss,Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and Standalone Statement of Cash Flow dealt with by this Report are inagreement with the books of account;
d. In our opinion, the aforesaid Standalone Financial Statements comply with the Indian Accounting Standards specifiedunder Section 133 of the Act, read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended from timeto time;
e. On the basis of the written representations received from the directors taken on record by the Board of Directors,none of the directors is disqualified as on 31 March, 2026 from being appointed as a director in terms of Section 164(2)of the Act;
f. With respect to maintenance of accounts and other matters connected therein, reference is made to our remarks inparagraph 2(b) above on reporting under section 143(3)(b) of the Act and paragraph 2 (h) (vi) below on reportingunder Rule 11(g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014;
g. With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to Standalone Financial Statements andthe operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate Report in "Annexure B" to this report; and
h. With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the Companies(Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, as amended, in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to theexplanations given to us:
i. The Company does not have any pending litigations which would impact its financial position as on 31 March, 2026;
ii. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were anymaterial foreseeable losses;
iii. There were no amounts which were required to be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund bythe Company;
iv. (a) The management has represented to us that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, no funds have been
advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sourcesor kind of funds) by the company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities("Intermediaries"), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediaryshall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of the company ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security orthe like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
(b) The management has represented to us that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, no funds have beenreceived by the company from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ("Funding Parties"),with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the company shall, whether,directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by oron behalf of the Funding Party ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like onbehalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries and;
(c) Based on our audit procedures that are considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances,nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the representations under sub-clause (i)and (ii) of Rule 11(e) as provided under paragraph 3 (iv) (a) & (b) above, contain any material misstatement.
v. The Company has not declared any dividend in last year which has been paid in current year. Further, no dividendhas been declared in current year. Accordingly, the provision of section 123 of the Act is not applicable to thecompany.
vi. Based on our examination, which included test checks, the Company has used accounting software formaintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same hasoperated post implementation from 20th July 2023, throughout the year for all relevant transactions recordedin the software. Further, based on the audit procedures performed, including consideration of the independentSOC 2 report of the third-party service provider hosting the accounting software, we have not come across anyinstance of the audit trail feature being disabled or tampered with during the year and the audit trail has beenpreserved by the company as per the statutory requirements for record retention.
3. According to information and explanations given to us and based on our examination of the records of the Company,the Company has paid / provided managerial remuneration in accordance with the requisite approvals mandated by theprovisions of Section 197 of the Act.
For J K V S & CO
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration No. 318086E
Utsav Saraf
Partner
Date: 14 May, 2026 Membership No. 306932
Place: Kolkata UDIN: 26306932AKBBQH3466