a) Provisions are recognized based on the best estimate of probable outflowof resources which would be required to settle obligations arising out of pastevents.
b) Contingent liabilities not provided for as per (a) above are disclosed innotes forming part of the Financial Statements If the effect of the time value ofmoney is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate thatreflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discountingis used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognizedas a finance cost.
c) Contingent Assets are disclosed, where the inflow of economic benefits isprobable.
a) Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss forthe period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preferencedividends, if any, and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number ofequity shares outstanding during the period.
b) For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit orloss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weightedaverage number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for theeffect of all dilutive potential equity shares.
A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to controlthe use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange forconsideration.
(a) Lease Liability
At the commencement date, the Company measures the lease liability at thepresent value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The leasepayments shall be discounted using incremental borrowing rate.
(b) Right-of-use assets
Initially recognised at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the leaseliability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to thecommencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any leaseincentives.
Subsequent measurement(A) Lease Liability
Company measure the lease liability by (a) increasing the carrying amount toreflect interest on the lease liability; (b) reducing the carrying amount toreflect the lease payments made; and (c) remeasuring the carrying amountto reflect any reassessment or lease modifications.
Subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation andimpairment losses. Right-of-use assets are depreciated from thecommencement date on a straight line basis over the shorter of the leaseterm and useful life of the under lying asset.
Right of use assets are evaluated for recoverability whenever events orchanges in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not berecoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount(i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) isdetermined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generatecash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In suchcases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generating Unit(CGU) to which the asset belongs.
Short term lease is that, at the commencement date, has a lease term of 12months or less. A lease that contains a purchase option is not a short-termlease. If the company elected to apply short term lease, the lessee shallrecognise the lease payments associated with those leases as an expense oneither a straight-line basis over the lease term or another systematic basis.The lessee shall apply another systematic basis if that basis is morerepresentative of the pattern of the lessee's benefit.
Leases for which the company is a lessor is classified as a finance oroperating lease. Whenever, the terms of the lease transfers substantially allthe risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, the contract is classified as afinance lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Lease income is recognised in the statement of profit and loss on straight linebasis over the lease term.
Certain occasions, the size, type or incidence of an item of income or expense,pertaining to the ordinary activities of the Company is such that its disclosureimproves the understanding of the performance of the Company, suchincome or expense is classified as an exceptional item and accordingly,disclosed in the notes accompanying to the financial statements.
While preparing financial statements in conformity with Ind AS, themanagement has made certain estimates and assumptions that requiresubjective and complex judgments. These judgments affect the application ofaccounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income andexpenses, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the statement of financialposition date and the reported amount of income and expenses for thereporting period. Financial reporting results rely on the management estimateof the effect of certain matters that are inherently uncertain. Future eventsrarely develop exactly as forecasted and the best estimates requireadjustments, as actual results may differ from these estimates under differentassumptions or conditions. Estimates and underlying assumptions arereviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates arerecognized prospectively.
Judgment, estimates and assumptions are required in particular for:
Useful life of tangible assets is based on the life prescribed in Schedule II ofthe Companies Act, 2013. In cases, where the useful life are different from thatprescribed in Schedule II, they are based on technical advice, taking intoaccount the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, theoperating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipatedtechnological changes, manufacturers' warranties and maintenance support.
The obligation arising from defined benefit plan is determined on the basis ofactuarial assumptions.
Key actuarial assumptions include discount rate, trends in salary escalation,actuarial rates and life expectancy. The discount rate is determined byreference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on governmentbonds. The period to maturity of the underlying bonds correspond to theprobable maturity of the post-employment benefit obligations. Due tocomplexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, definedbenefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. Allassumptions are reviewed at each reporting period.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future taxconsequences of temporary differences between the carrying values ofassets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and unutilized businessloss and depreciation carryforwards and tax credits. Deferred tax assets arerecognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will beavailable against which the deductible temporary differences, unused taxlosses, depreciation carry-forwards and unused tax credits could be utilized.
All financial assets / liabilities are required to be measured at fair value oninitial recognition. In case of financial assets / liabilities which are required tobe subsequently measured at amortized cost, interest is accrued using theeffective interest method.
7.4 Terms/ right attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares of par value of Rs.10 per share.Each holder of equity shares is entitled toone vote per share.In the event of liquidation of the Company,the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receiveremaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts.The distribution will be in proportion to thenumber of equity shares held by the shareholders.
7.5 Right pertaining to repayment of Capital
In the event of liquidation of the company, the holders of equity share will be entitled to receive remaining assets of thecompany, after distribution of all prefrential amounts. The distribution will be accroding to the shareholders rights andinterest in the company.
(i) Fair value hierarchy
This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are (a)recognized and measured at fair value and (b) measured at amortized cost and for which fair values are disclosed in thefinancial statements. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company hasclassified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribed under the accounting standard. An explanation of each levelfollows underneath the table.
Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes listed equity instruments,traded bonds and mutual funds that have quoted price. The fair value of all equity instruments (including bonds) which aretraded in the stock exchanges is valued using the closing price as at the reporting period. The mutual funds are valued using theclosing NAV.
Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniqueswhich maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significantinputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.There are no transfers between levels 1 and 2 during the year.
The Company's policy is to recognise transfers into and transfers out of fair value hierarchy levels at the end of the reportingperiod.
(ii) Valuation technique used to determine fair value
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:
- the use of quoted market prices or dealer quotes for similar instruments
- the fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted analysis.
All of the resulting fair value estimates are included in level 1 or 2 except for unlisted equity securities where the fair values
have been determined based on present values and the discount rates used were adjusted for counter party or own credit risk.The carrying amounts of trade receivables, electricity deposit, employee advances, cash and cash equivalents and other shortterm receivables, trade payables, unclaimed dividend, borrowings, and other current financial liabilities are considered to be thesame as their fair values, due to their short-term nature.
24 FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The company's activities expose it to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk.
This note explains the sources of risk which the entity is exposed to and how the entity manages the risk.
The Company's board of directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's riskmanagement framework. The board of directors has established the Risk Management Committee, which is responsiblefor developing and monitoring the Company's risk management policies. The committee reports to the board ofdirectors on its activities.
The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to setappropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies andsystems are reviewed periodically to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities. The Company,through its training, standards and procedures, aims to maintain a disciplined and constructive control environment inwhich all employees understand their roles and obligations.
The audit committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the company's risk management policiesand procedures, and reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by theCompany. The audit committee is assisted in its oversight role by internal audit. Internal audit undertakes both regularand ad hoc reviews of risk management controls and procedures, the results of which are reported to the auditcommittee.
(A) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails tomeet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company's receivables from customers and investmentsecurities. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring thecreditworthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business.
(i) Trade receivables
The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables based on historical trend, industry practices andthe business environment in which the entity operates. However, based on historical data, there were no significant baddebts written off nor provision for doubful debts had been created. Further there is no Trade Receievables outstandingfor more than 6 months at reporting date. Hence, allowances for doubtful debt has not been created.
(ii) Cash and cash equivalents
As at the year end, the Company held cash and cash equivalents of Rs. 10.73 /- Lakhs (31.03.2024 Rs. 2.58/- Lakhs). Thecash and cash equivalents are held with bank and financial institution counterparties with good credit rating.
(iii) Loans and advances
In the case of loans to employees, the same is managed by establishing limits. (Which in turn based on the employeessalaries and number of years of service put in by the concern employee)
(iv) Other Financials Assets
Others Financial Assets are considered to be of good quality and there is no significant increase in credit risk.
(B) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with itsfinancial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company's approach to managingliquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due,under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company'sreputation.
Maturities of financial liabilities
The tables herewith analyse the Company's financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their
The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal
their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant.
26 Segment Reporting
Ind AS 108 Operating Segments requires Management to determine the reportable segments for thepurpose of disclosure in financial statements based on the internal reporting reviewed by Chief OperatingDecision Maker (CODM) to assess performance and allocate resources.
Operating segments are defined as 'Business Units' of the Company about which separate financialinformation is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker or decisionmaking group in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The Company is engaged in one business segment i.e Trading of Stamps,Coins & Antiques items. TheCompany is operating in a single geographical segment i.e. India. The management considers that thesebusiness units have similar economic characteristic nature of the product, nature of the regulatoryenvironment etc. Based on the management analysis, the Company has only one operating segment, so noseperate segment report is given. The principle geographical areas in which company the Company operatesis India.
27 In respect of the Outstanding Income Tax demand for the Assessment Year 2017-2018, amounting to INR357.63 Lakhs, for which the Company has neither filed any appeal nor created any provision in the books ofaccounts. Had the company has provided the same loss would have been higher by INR 357.63 Lakhs. Due tonon payment of this ,CBDT Freeze the bank account of company.
28 The Financial Statements in respect of the Non-moving inventories amounting to Rs. 1643.24/- Lakh, whichcomprises of the 92.79% of the total assets of the company. Non-moving inventories along with othermatters set forth in the "Basis of Qualified Opinion” section above indicate the existence of materialuncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.However, in view of mitigating factors including business plan, the management is of the view that goingconcern basis of accounting is appropriate. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matters.
29 The inventories as on 31.03.2025 amounting to Rs. 1643.84/- Lakh valued as per Valuation report dated 8thMay 2023, stating valuation mentioned in this report as on the date of 31st March 2023. Consequently, wehad relied upon the valuation of the inventories as on 31st March 2025 .
30 With respect to the Investments as stated in Non-Current Investments amounting to Rs. 113.67/- Lakhs, therequisite documents with respect to this investment are not available with the Company, in the absence ofsufficient information, the Management has also not provided for any Impairment for the same and in turnwe are unable to comment on the carrying value of Investment made by the Company and the consequentimpact thereof on Other Comprehensive Income.
31 In case of Loans granted by the Company and loans taken by the Company, the terms of repayment has notbeen specified and hence it falls under the repayable on demand. On the basis of the same we have classifiedthe entire Borrowings as Current Liabilities and Loans as Current Assets.
32 In the opinion of the Board of Directors, Current Assets, Loans & Advances have value at which they arestated in the Balance Sheet, if realized in the ordinary course of business. The provision for depreciation andfor all know liabilities is adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.
33 The Company do not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pendingagainst the Company for holding any Benami property.
34 Relationship with Struck off companies
Where the company has no transactions with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act,2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956.
35 The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond thestatutory period.
36 The Company have not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the year.
37 The Company have not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), includingforeign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall: directly or indirectlylend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of thecompany (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of theUltimate Beneficiaries.
38 The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities(Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever byor on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
39 The Company do not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts and that hasbeen surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act,1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961).
40 The company holds all the title deeds of immovable property in its name.
41 There is no Scheme of Arrangements approved by the Competent Authority in terms of sections 230 to 237of the Companies Act, 2013.
42 The company is not declared as wilful defaulter by any bank or financial Institution or other lender.
43 The Previous year's figures, wherever necessary, have been regrouped/reclassified to conform to thecurrent year's presentation.
As per Our Report of Even Date For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
For M Sahu & Co Alexander Stamps and Coin Limited
Chartered AccountantsFirm Registration No : 130001W
Anirudh Sethi Jignesh Soni
Manojkumar Sahu Managing director Director
Partner DIN- 06864789 DIN- 10277836
Membership No. 132623UDIN: 25132623BMGYUO1837
Place: Vadodara Vineet Dubey
Date: 22/05/2025 Chief Financial Officer