1. We have audited the accompanying Standalone financialstatements of CreditAccess Grameen Limited ('theCompany'), which comprise the standalone BalanceSheet as at 31 March 2025, the standalone Statement ofProfit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income),the standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and thestandalone Statement of Cash Flow for the year thenended, and notes to the standalone financial statements,including material accounting policy information andother explanatory information.
2. In our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us, the aforesaidStandalone financial statements give the informationrequired by the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act') in themanner so required and give a true and fair view inconformity with the Indian Accounting Standards ('IndAS') specified under section 133 of the Act read with theCompanies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015and other accounting principles generally accepted inIndia, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31 March2025, and its profit (including other comprehensiveincome), the changes in equity and its cash flows for theyear ended on that date.
3. We conducted our audit of the standalone financialstatements in accordance with the Standards onAuditing specified under section 143(10) of the Act.Our responsibilities under those standards are furtherdescribed in the Auditor's Responsibilities for theAudit of the Standalone Financial Statements sectionof our report. We are independent of the Company inaccordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Instituteof Chartered Accountants of India ('ICAI') together withthe ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit ofthe standalone financial statements under the provisionsof the Act and the rules thereunder, and we have fulfilledour other ethical responsibilities in accordance withthese requirements and the Code of Ethics. We believethat the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficientand appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
4. Key audit matters are those matters that, in ourprofessional judgment, were of most significance inour audit of the Standalone financial statements of thecurrent financial year. These matters were addressedin the context of our audit of the standalone financialstatements as a whole, and in forming our opinionthereon, and we do not provide a separate opinionon these matters.
5. We have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.
Key audit matter
How our audit addressed the key audit matter
Impairment of financial assets based on Expected CreditLosses (ECL) - (Refer note 3.14 for material accountingpolicy information and notes 7 and Note 41.2 for financialdisclosures in the accompanying standalone financial
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As at 31 March 2025, the Company reported total grossloans of H 25,583.08 crores (2024: H 25,608.40 crores)and expected credit loss provisions of H 1,308.63 crores(2024: H 503.41 crores). The Company has written offloans of H 1,124.29 crores (2024: H 296.21 crores) duringthe year ended 31 March 2025.
Our audit focused on assessing the appropriateness ofmanagement's judgment and estimates used in the expectedcredit losses through the following procedures, but were notlimited to, the following procedures:
Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments (Ind AS 109) requires
- Examined the Board of Director's policy approving
the Company to provide for impairment of its financial
methodologies for computation of ECL that addresses
assets using the expected credit loss ('ECL') approach
policies and procedures for assessing and measuring credit
involving an estimation of probability of loss on the
risk on the lending exposures of the Company in accordance
financial assets over their life, considering reasonable
with the requirements of Ind AS 109. Further, also examined
and supportable information about past events, current
the documentation by management on the parameters and
conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions
assumptions used in the ECL model, and its rationale.
which could impact the credit quality of the Company's
- Obtained an understanding of the modelling techniques
financial assets.
adopted by the Company including the key inputs and
Expected credit loss cannot be measured precisely but
assumptions. Since modelling assumptions and parameters
can only be estimated. The estimation of impairment
are based on historical data, we assessed whether historical
loss allowance on financial instruments involves
experience was representative of current circumstances and
significant judgement and estimates and applying
was relevant.
appropriate measurement principles.
- Assessed and tested the design and operating effectiveness
The expected credit loss on loans is calculated using
of the key controls over the completeness and accuracy of
the percentage of probability of default (PD), loss given
the key inputs and assumptions considered for calculation,
default (LGD) and exposure at default (EAD) for each of
recording and monitoring of the impairment loss recognized.
the stages of loan portfolio. The PD and the LGD are the
- Evaluated the appropriateness of the Company's
key drivers of estimation complexity in the ECL and as
determination of significant increase in credit risk in
a result are considered the most significant judgmental
accordance with the applicable accounting standard and the
aspect of the Company's modelling approach.
basis for classification of exposures into various stages.
The Expected Credit Loss ("ECL") is measured at
- Tested the completeness of loans included in the Expected
12-month ECL for Stage 1 loan assets and at lifetime ECL
Credit Loss calculations as of 31 March 2025 by reconciling it
for Stage 2 and Stage 3 loan assets.
with the balances as per loan balance register. On a test check
Significant management judgment and assumptions
basis, we tested the EAD, evaluated management's assessment
involved in measuring ECL is required with respect to:
of parameters such as probability of default (PD) or loss given
• segmentation of loan book in buckets;
default (LGD) and also tested the data used in the PD and LGD
• determining the criteria for a significant increase in
model for ECL calculation by reconciling it to the source data.Further, we tested assets in stage 1,2 and 3 on a sample basis
credit risk, including qualitative factors;
to verify that they were allocated to the appropriate stage.
• factoring in future economic assumptions;
• past experience and forecast data on customer
- On a test check basis, ensured compliance with RBI MasterCircular on 'Prudential Norms on Income Recognition, AssetClassification and Provisioning pertaining to advances'
behaviour on repayments; and
('IRACP1) read with RBI circular on 'Prudential norms on Income
• techniques used to determine probability of default,
Recognition, Asset Classification and Provisioning pertaining toAdvances - Clarifications' dated 12 November 2021 along with
loss given default and exposure at default basis
RBI notification RBI/2021-2022/158 dated 15 February 2022, in
the default history of loans, subsequent recoveries
relation to identification, upgradation and provisioning of non¬
made and other relevant factors.
performing assets (NPAs) and ensured that the Company has
The disclosures (including disclosures prescribed byRBI) regarding the Company's application of Ind AS 109
classified NPAs as credit impaired loans.
- Evaluated the appropriateness of the methodology and
are key to explaining the key judgements and material
policy laid down and implemented by the Company for the
inputs to the Ind AS 109 ECL results.
loan portfolio written-off during the year and tested the
Considering the significance of the above matter to thestandalone financial statements, degree of estimationuncertainty and significant management judgmentinvolved, this area requires significant auditor attention
authorisation for write-off on a sample basis.
- In addition to the above procedures, we have obtainedwritten representations from the management inrelation to appropriateness of such ECL methodology and
to test the calculation of expected credit losses, and
reasonableness of the judgements and assumptions used.
accordingly, this matter has been identified as a key
- Assessed the appropriateness and adequacy of the related
audit matter for current year audit.
presentation and disclosures in the accompanying financial
statements in accordance with the applicable accountingstandards and related RBI circulars/ guidelines.
Information technology system for accounting andfinancial reporting process
The Company is dependent on its information technology
Our key audit procedures with the involvement of our IT
('IT') systems due to processing and recording of large
specialists included, but were not limited, to the following:
volume of business transactions daily across various
- Obtained an understanding of the Company's information
locations. Accordingly, the Company's accounting
processing systems, databases, operating systems and
and financial reporting processes are dependent on
IT General Controls, automated controls and manual IT
automated and manual IT dependent controls which
dependent controls which were relevant to our audit;
impact key financial accounting and reporting items
- Tested the design and operating effectiveness of the
such as loans, interest income, computation of daily
Company's IT controls over the IT applications as identified
Days Past Due (DPD) amongst others.
above.
The controls implemented by the Company in its
- On such IT systems, we have tested the IT General
IT environment determine the integrity, accuracy,completeness and validity of data that is processed
Controls around user access management, system changemanagement, and IT operational controls along with
by the applications and is ultimately used for financialreporting.
segregation of duties around program maintenance,security administration and over key financial accounting
Since our audit strategy included focus on entity's
and reporting processes;
information processing systems relevant to our audit
- Tested the automated controls, manual IT dependent
due to their pervasive impact on the financial statements
controls and information generated by the entity's
and efforts involved in testing of the IT general controls,automated controls and manual IT dependent controlsof the IT systems, we have determined the use of
information processing systems for loans, interest incomeand computation of daily DPD ;
information processing system for accounting and
- Tested other areas that were assessed under the IT
financial reporting as a key audit matter.
control environment included backup management, batch
processing and interfaces; and
- In addition to the above procedures, we have obtainedwritten representations from management on whetherIT general controls, automated IT controls and manualIT dependent controls are designed and were operatingeffectively during the year.
6. The Company's Board of Directors are responsible for theother information. The other information comprises theinformation included in the Annual Report, but does notinclude the standalone financial statements and our auditor'sreport thereon. The Annual Report is expected to be madeavailable to us after the date of this auditor's report.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements doesnot cover the other information and we will not expressany form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financialstatements, our responsibility is to read the otherinformation identified above when it becomes availableand, in doing so, consider whether the other informationis materially inconsistent with the standalone financialstatements or our knowledge obtained in the audit orotherwise appears to be materially misstated.
When we read the Annual Report, if we concludethat there is a material misstatement therein, we arerequired to communicate the matter to those chargedwith governance.
7. The accompanying standalone financial statements havebeen approved by the Company's Board of Directors. TheCompany's Board of Directors are responsible for thematters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respectto the preparation and presentation of these standalonefinancial statements that give a true and fair view of thefinancial position, financial performance including othercomprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flowsof the Company in accordance with the Ind AS specifiedunder section 133 of the Act and other accountingprinciples generally accepted in India. This responsibilityalso includes maintenance of adequate accountingrecords in accordance with the provisions of the Actfor safeguarding of the assets of the Company and forpreventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities;selection and application of appropriate accountingpolicies; making judgments and estimates that arereasonable and prudent; and design, implementation andmaintenance of adequate internal financial controls, thatwere operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy andcompleteness of the accounting records, relevant to thepreparation and presentation of the financial statements
that give a true and fair view and are free from materialmisstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
8. In preparing the standalone financial statements, theBoard of Directors are responsible for assessing theCompany's ability to continue as a going concern,disclosing, as applicable, matters related to goingconcern and using the going concern basis of accountingunless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidatethe Company or to cease operations, or has no realisticalternative but to do so.
9. The Board of Directors are also responsible foroverseeing the Company's financial reporting process.
10. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether the standalone financial statements as a wholeare free from material misstatement, whether dueto fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report thatincludes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a highlevel of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an auditconducted in accordance with Standards on Auditing willalways detect a material misstatement when it exists.Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and areconsidered material if, individually or in the aggregate,they could reasonably be expected to influence theeconomic decisions of users taken on the basis of thesestandalone financial statements.
11. As part of an audit in accordance with Standards onAuditing, specified under section 143(10) of the Actwe exercise professional judgment and maintainprofessional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of materialmisstatement of the standalone financialstatements, whether due to fraud or error, designand perform audit procedures responsive to thoserisks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficientand appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.The risk of not detecting a material misstatementresulting from fraud is higher than for one resultingfrom error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery,intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or theoverride of internal control;
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevantto the audit in order to design audit procedures thatare appropriate in the circumstances. Under section143(3)(i) of the Act we are also responsible forexpressing our opinion on whether the Company hasadequate internal financial controls with referenceto standalone financial statements in place and theoperating effectiveness of such controls;
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accountingpolicies used and the reasonableness ofaccounting estimates and related disclosuresmade by management;
• Conclude on the appropriateness of Board ofDirectors' use of the going concern basis ofaccounting and, based on the audit evidenceobtained, whether a material uncertainty existsrelated to events or conditions that may castsignificant doubt on the Company's ability tocontinue as a going concern. If we conclude thata material uncertainty exists, we are required todraw attention in our auditor's report to the relateddisclosures in the standalone financial statementsor, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify ouropinion. Our conclusions are based on the auditevidence obtained up to the date of our auditor'sreport. However, future events or conditions maycause the Company to cease to continue as agoing concern; and
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure andcontent of the standalone financial statements,including the disclosures, and whether thestandalone financial statements represent theunderlying transactions and events in a mannerthat achieves fair presentation.
12. We communicate with those charged with governanceregarding, among other matters, the planned scopeand timing of the audit and significant audit findings,including any significant deficiencies in internal controlthat we identify during our audit.
13. We also provide those charged with governance witha statement that we have complied with relevantethical requirements regarding independence, and tocommunicate with them all relationships and othermatters that may reasonably be thought to bear on ourindependence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
14. From the matters communicated with those chargedwith governance, we determine those matters thatwere of most significance in the audit of the standalonefinancial statements of the current period and aretherefore the key audit matters. We describe thesematters in our auditor's report unless law or regulationprecludes public disclosure about the matter or when,in extremely rare circumstances, we determine thata matter should not be communicated in our reportbecause the adverse consequences of doing so wouldreasonably be expected to outweigh the public interestbenefits of such communication.
15. The standalone financial statements of the Companyfor the year ended 31 March 2024 were audited byPKF Sridhar & Santhanam LLP, Chartered Accountantsand Varma & Varma, Chartered Accountants, who haveexpressed unmodified opinion vide their audit reportdated 07 May 2024, whose reports have been furnishedto Walker Chandiok & Co LLP, and which have been reliedupon by Walker Chandiok & Co LLP for the purpose of
our audit of the standalone financial statements. Ouropinion is not modified in respect of this matter.
16. As required by section 197(16) of the Act, based on ouraudit, we report that the Company has paid remunerationto its directors during the year in accordance with theprovisions of and limits laid down under section 197read with Schedule V to the Act.
17. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order,2020 ('the Order') issued by the Central Government ofIndia in terms of section 143(11) of the Act we give inthe Annexure A, a statement on the matters specified inparagraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
18. Further to our comments in Annexure A, as required bysection 143(3) of the Act based on our audit, we report,to the extent applicable, that:
a) We have sought and obtained all the informationand explanations which to the best of our knowledgeand belief were necessary for the purpose ofour audit of the accompanying standalonefinancial statements;
b) Except for the matters stated in paragraph 18(h)(vi) below on reporting under Rule 11(g) of theCompanies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014(as amended), in our opinion, proper books ofaccount as required by law have been kept by theCompany so far as it appears from our examinationof those books.
c) The standalone financial statements dealtwith by this report are in agreement with thebooks of account;
d) in our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financialstatements comply with Ind AS specified undersection 133 of the Act;
e) On the basis of the written representations receivedfrom the directors and taken on record by the Boardof Directors, none of the directors is disqualifiedas on 31 March 2025 from being appointed as adirector in terms of section 164(2) of the Act;
f) The qualification relating to the maintenance ofaccounts and other matters connected therewithare as stated in, paragraph 18(b) above onreporting under section 143(3)(b) of the Act andparagraph 18(h)(vi) below on reporting under Rule11(g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules,2014 (as amended);
g) With respect to the adequacy of the internalfinancial controls with reference to financialstatements of the Company as on 31 March 2025and the operating effectiveness of such controls,
refer to our separate report in Annexure B whereinwe have expressed an unmodified opinion; and
h) With respect to the other matters to be includedin the Auditor's Report in accordance with rule11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules,2014 (as amended), in our opinion and to thebest of our information and according to theexplanations given to us:
i. the Company, as detailed in note 34 and note48(ix) to the standalone financial statements,has disclosed the impact of pending litigationon its financial position as at 31 March 2025.
ii. the Company, as detailed in note 6(B) to thestandalone financial statements, has madeprovision as at 31 March 2025, as requiredunder the applicable law or accountingstandards, for material foreseeable losses,if any, on long-term contracts includingderivative contracts;
iii. There were no amounts which were requiredto be transferred to the Investor Educationand Protection Fund by the Company duringthe year ended 31 March 2025;
iv. a. The management has represented
that, to the best of its knowledge andbelief, as disclosed in note 48(vi) to thestandalone financial statements, nofunds have been advanced or loaned orinvested (either from borrowed funds orsecurities premium or any other sourcesor kind of funds) by the Company to orin any person(s) or entity(ies), includingforeign entities ('the intermediaries'), withthe understanding, whether recorded inwriting or otherwise, that the intermediaryshall, whether, directly or indirectly lendor invest in other persons or entitiesidentified in any manner whatsoeverby or on behalf of the Company ('theUltimate Beneficiaries') or provide anyguarantee, security or the like on behalfthe Ultimate Beneficiaries;
b. The management has represented that,to the best of its knowledge and belief, asdisclosed in note 48(vi) to the standalonefinancial statements, no funds havebeen received by the Company from anyperson(s) or entity(ies), including foreignentities ('the Funding Parties'), with theunderstanding, whether recorded inwriting or otherwise, that the Companyshall, whether directly or indirectly, lendor invest in other persons or entities
identified in any manner whatsoeverby or on behalf of the Funding Party('Ultimate Beneficiaries') or provide anyguarantee, security or the like on behalfof the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and
c. Based on such audit proceduresperformed as considered reasonableand appropriate in the circumstances,nothing has come to our notice thathas caused us to believe that themanagement representations undersub-clauses (a) and (b) above contain anymaterial misstatement.
v. The final dividend paid by the Company duringthe year ended 31 March 2025 in respect ofsuch dividend declared for the previous yearis in accordance with section 123 of the Act tothe extent it applies to payment of dividend.
vi. As stated in Note 46 of the accompanyingstandalone financial statements and based onour examination which included test checks,except for instances mentioned below, theCompany, in respect of the current financialyear, has used accounting software formaintaining its books of account which have afeature of recording audit trail (edit log) facilityand the same have been operated throughout
the year for all relevant transactions recordedin the software. Further, during the course ofour audit we did not come across any instanceof audit trail feature being tampered with,other than the consequential impact of theexceptions given below. Furthermore, exceptfor instances mentioned below, the audit trailhas been preserved by the Company as per thestatutory requirements for record retention.
a. The audit trail feature was notenabled in entirety at database levelfor the accounting software used formaintenance of books of account tolog any direct data changes upto 06January 2025. Further, from 07 January2025 onwards the audit trail featureat database level was not enabledfor certain users.
b. The audit trail feature was not enabledat database level for the accountingsoftware used for maintenance of loanorigination records to log any direct datachanges upto 10 October 2024. Further,from 11 October 2024 onwards the audittrail feature at database level was notenabled for certain users.
c. The audit trail feature at database levelwas not enabled for certain users foraccounting software used for maintenanceof loan management records.
For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP For Varma & Varma
Chartered Accountants Chartered Accountants
Firm Registration No: 001076N/N500013 Firm Registration No: 004532S
Manish Gujral Srinivas K P
Partner Partner
Membership No. 105117 Membership No. 208520
UDIN: 25105117BMOLKU2283 UDIN: 25208520BMODTP1007
Place: Bengaluru Place: Bengaluru
Date: 16 May 2025 Date: 16 May 2025