We have audited the standalone financial statements ofGraphite India Limited (“the Company”), which comprise theBalance Sheet as at March 31 2026, the Statement of Profitand Loss, including the Statement of Other ComprehensiveIncome, the Cash Flow Statement and the Statement ofChanges in Equity for the year then ended, and notes tothe standalone financial statements, including a summaryof material accounting policies and other explanatoryinformation.
In our opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us, the aforesaidstandalone financial statements give the informationrequired by the Companies Act, 2013, as amended (“theAct”) in the manner so required and give a true and fairview in conformity with the accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company asat March 31, 2026, its profit including other comprehensiveincome, its cash flows and the changes in equity for theyear ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit of the standalone financialstatements in accordance with the Standards on Auditing(SAs), as specified under section 143(10) of the Act.Our responsibilities under those Standards are furtherdescribed in the ‘Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Auditof the Standalone Financial Statements’ section of ourreport. We are independent of the Company in accordancewith the ‘Code of Ethics’ issued by the Institute of
Chartered Accountants of India together with the ethicalrequirements that are relevant to our audit of the financialstatements under the provisions of the Act and theRules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethicalresponsibilities in accordance with these requirementsand the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidencewe have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to providea basis for our audit opinion on the standalone financialstatements.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in ourprofessional judgment, were of most significance inour audit of the standalone financial statements for thefinancial year ended March 31, 2026. These matters wereaddressed in the context of our audit of the standalonefinancial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinionthereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on thesematters. For each matter below, our description of how ouraudit addressed the matter is provided in that context.
We have determined the matters described below to bethe key audit matters to be communicated in our report.We have fulfilled the responsibilities described in theAuditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the standalonefinancial statements section of our report, including inrelation to these matters. Accordingly, our audit includedthe performance of procedures designed to respond to ourassessment of the risks of material misstatement of thestandalone financial statements. The results of our audit-procedures, including the procedures performed to addressthe matters below, provide the basis for our audit opinionon the accompanying standalone financial statements.
Key audit matters
How our audit addressed the key audit matter
Revenue recognition (as described in Note 2(b) and 21 of the standalone financial statements)
The Company recognises revenue from domestic andexport sales when control of the goods is transferred tothe customer at an amount that reflects the considerationto which the Company expects to be entitled in exchangefor those goods.
The terms of sales arrangements, including the timingof transfer of control, delivery specifications includingincoterms in case of export, create complexity andjudgment in determining timing of revenue recognition.The risk is, therefore, that revenue may not be recognisedin the correct period in accordance with Ind AS 115.
Accordingly, due to the risk associated with timing ofrevenue recognition, it was determined to be a key auditmatter in our audit of the standalone financial statements.
Our audit procedures included the following:
• Evaluated that the Company’s revenue recognitionpolicy is in compliance with terms of Ind AS 115‘Revenue from contracts with customers’.
• Evaluated the design and implementation of keycontrols operating around revenue recognition.
• Performed test of individual sales transaction on samplebasis and traced to sales invoices, sales orders and otherrelated documents. Further, in respect of the samplesselected, checked that the revenue has been recognized
_^as per the incoterms and when the conditions forrevenue recognition are satisfied.
• Selected samples of sales transactions made pre andpost year end, checked the period of revenue recognitionwith the underlying documents.
• Assessed the adequacy of relevant disclosures made inthe standalone financial statements.
Assessment of net realisable value of Inventory (as des
cribed in Note 2(g), 3, 12, 23 (a), 24, 46 of the
standalone
financial statements)
Assessment of net realizable value of electrodes (finishedgoods, work-in-progress and related raw materials) hasbeen identified as a key audit matter given the relative sizeof its balance in the standalone financial statements andthe significant judgement involved in the estimation of Netrealisable value by the management of the Company.
The inputs used for the determination of the net realisablevalue include attributes viz., estimated future sellingprices, costs to complete for work-in-progress & rawmaterial and selling costs which makes such determinationcomplex and sensitive to these attributes. Any change inattribute may have a material impact on the calculation ofnet realisable value and resultantly on the carrying valueof the inventory as on the Balance Sheet date.
• Evaluated that the Company’s inventory valuationpolicy is in compliance with Ind AS-2 ‘Inventories’.
”• Evaluated the design and implementation of keycontrols operating around inventory valuation.
• Held discussions with management to understand andcorroborate the assumptions used in the assessment ofnet realisable value of electrodes.
• Compared the selling prices of electrodes subsequentto the year end to their year-end carrying amounts, ona sample basis, to check whether they are stated at thelower of cost and net realizable value.
• Assessed the derived net realizable values of work-in-progress and raw material, on a sample basis, bycomparing their year-end carrying values to the sellingprices of electrodes less future cost of their conversioninto finished goods.
• Obtained understanding of the management’s process ofestimation of future costs of conversion of raw materialand work-in-progress into finished goods and assessedtheir estimates, on a sample basis.
Information Other than the Financial Statements andAuditor’s Report Thereon
The Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for theother information. The other information comprises theinformation included in the Annual Report, but doesnot include the standalone financial statements and ourauditor’s report thereon.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements doesnot cover the other information and we do not express anyform of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financialstatements, our responsibility is to read the otherinformation and, in doing so, consider whether such otherinformation is materially inconsistent with the financialstatements or our knowledge obtained in the audit orotherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based onthe work we have performed, we conclude that there is amaterial misstatement of this other information, we arerequired to report that fact. We have nothing to report inthis regard.
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged withGovernance for the Standalone Financial Statements
The Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for thematters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect tothe preparation of these standalone financial statementsthat give a true and fair view of the financial position,financial performance including other comprehensiveincome, cash flows and changes in equity of the Companyin accordance with the accounting principles generallyaccepted in India, including the Indian AccountingStandards (Ind AS) specified under section 133 of the Actread with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Rules, 2015, as amended. This responsibility also includesmaintenance of adequate accounting records in accordancewith the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of theassets of the Company and for preventing and detectingfrauds and other irregularities; selection and application ofappropriate accounting policies; making judgements andestimates that are reasonable and prudent; and the design,implementation and maintenance of adequate internalfinancial controls, that were operating effectively forensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accountingrecords, relevant to the preparation and presentation ofthe standalone financial statements that give a true andfair view and are free from material misstatement, whetherdue to fraud or error.
In preparing the standalone financial statements,management and Board of Directors are responsiblefor assessing the Company’s ability to continue as agoing concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters relatedto going concern and using the going concern basis ofaccounting unless management either intends to liquidatethe Company or to cease operations, or has no realisticalternative but to do so.
Those Board of Directors are also responsible for overseeingthe Company’s financial reporting process.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of theStandalone Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance aboutwhether the standalone financial statements as a wholeare free from material misstatement, whether due to fraudor error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includesour opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level ofassurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conductedin accordance with SAs will always detect a materialmisstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise fromfraud or error and are considered material if, individuallyor in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected toinfluence the economic decisions of users taken on thebasis of these standalone financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exerciseprofessional judgement and maintain professionalskepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatementof the standalone financial statements, whether dueto fraud or error, design and perform audit proceduresresponsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidencethat is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basisfor our opinion. The risk of not detecting a materialmisstatement resulting from fraud is higher than forone resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion,forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, orthe override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevantto the audit in order to design audit procedures thatare appropriate in the circumstances. Under section143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible forexpressing our opinion on whether the Company hasadequate internal financial controls with referenceto financial statements in place and the operatingeffectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policiesused and the reasonableness of accounting estimatesand related disclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s useof the going concern basis of accounting and, basedon the audit evidence obtained, whether a materialuncertainty exists related to events or conditions thatmay cast significant doubt on the Company’s abilityto continue as a going concern. If we conclude thata material uncertainty exists, we are required todraw attention in our auditor’s report to the relateddisclosures in the financial statements or, if suchdisclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Ourconclusions are based on the audit evidence obtainedup to the date of our auditor’s report. However, futureevents or conditions may cause the Company to ceaseto continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure andcontent of the standalone financial statements,including the disclosures, and whether the standalone
financial statements represent the underlyingtransactions and events in a manner that achieves fairpresentation.
We communicate with those charged with governanceregarding, among other matters, the planned scope andtiming of the audit and significant audit findings, includingany significant deficiencies in internal control that weidentify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with astatement that we have complied with relevant ethicalrequirements regarding independence, and to communicatewith them all relationships and other matters that mayreasonably be thought to bear on our independence, andwhere applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were ofmost significance in the audit of the standalone financialstatements for the financial year ended March 31, 2026and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe thesematters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulationprecludes public disclosure about the matter or when, inextremely rare circumstances, we determine that a mattershould not be communicated in our report because theadverse consequences of doing so would reasonably beexpected to outweigh the public interest benefits of suchcommunication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order,2020 (“the Order”), issued by the Central Governmentof India in terms of sub-section (11) of section 143 ofthe Act, we give in the “Annexure 1”a statement on thematters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order.
2. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report, tothe extent applicable, that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the informationand explanations which to the best of ourknowledge and belief were necessary for thepurposes of our audit;
(b) In our opinion, proper books of account asrequired by law have been kept by the Companyso far as it appears from our examination ofthose books except for the matters stated in theparagraph i(vi) below on reporting under Rule
11(g);
(c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profitand Loss including the Statement of OtherComprehensive Income, the Cash Flow Statementand Statement of Changes in Equity dealt withby this Report are in agreement with the books ofaccount;
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financialstatements comply with the Accounting Standards
specified under Section 133 of the Act, read withCompanies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules,2015, as amended;
(e) On the basis of the written representationsreceived from the directors as on March 31, 2026taken on record by the Board of Directors, noneof the directors is disqualified as on March 31,2026 from being appointed as a director in termsof Section 164 (2) of the Act;
(f) The modification relating to the maintenance ofaccounts and other matters connected therewithare as stated in paragraph 2 (b) above on reportingunder Section 143(3)(b) and paragraph i(vi) belowon reporting under Rule 11(g);
(g) With respect to the adequacy of the internalfinancial controls with reference to thesestandalone financial statements and the operatingeffectiveness of such controls, refer to our separateReport in “Annexure 2” to this report;
(h) In our opinion, the managerial remunerationfor the year ended March 31, 2026 has beenpaid/ provided by the Company to its directorsin accordance with the provisions of section 197read with Schedule V to the Act;
(i) With respect to the other matters to be included inthe Auditor’s Report in accordance with Rule 11 ofthe Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014,as amended in our opinion and to the best of ourinformation and according to the explanationsgiven to us:
i. The Company has disclosed the impact ofpending litigations on its financial positionin its standalone financial statements - ReferNote 34 and 43 to the standalone financialstatements;
ii. The Company did not have any long-termcontracts including derivative contracts forwhich there were any material foreseeablelosses;
iii. There has been no delay in transferringamounts, required to be transferred, to theInvestor Education and Protection Fund bythe Company;
iv. a) The management has represented that,
to the best of its knowledge and belief,as disclosed in the Note 49 (v) to thestandalone financial statements, nofunds have been advanced or loaned orinvested (either from borrowed funds orshare premium or any other sources orkind of funds) by the Company to or in anyother person(s) or entity (ies), includingforeign entities (“Intermediaries”), with
the understanding, whether recordedin writing or otherwise, that theIntermediary shall, whether, directlyor indirectly lend or invest in otherpersons or entities identified in anymanner whatsoever by or on behalf ofthe Company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”)or provide any guarantee, securityor the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries;
b) The management has represented that,to the best of its knowledge and belief,as disclosed in the Note 49 (vi) to thestandalone financial statements, no fundshave been received by the Company fromany person(s) or entity(ies), includingforeign entities (“Funding Parties”), withthe understanding, whether recorded inwriting or otherwise, that the Companyshall, whether, directly or indirectly,lend or invest in other persons or entitiesidentified in any manner whatsoeverby or on behalf of the Funding Party(“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide anyguarantee, security or the like on behalfof the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and
c) Based on such audit proceduresperformed that have been consideredreasonable and appropriate in thecircumstances, nothing has come toour notice that has caused us to believethat the representations under sub¬clause (a) and (b) contain any materialmisstatement.
v. The final dividend paid by the Companyduring the year in respect of the same declaredfor the previous year is in accordance withsection 123 of the Act to the extent it appliesto payment of dividend.
As stated in note 41 (b) to the standalonefinancial statements, the Board of Directorsof the Company have proposed final dividendfor the year which is subject to the approvalof the members at the ensuing AnnualGeneral Meeting. The dividend declared is inaccordance with section 123 of the Act to theextent it applies to declaration of dividend.
vi. Based on our examination which includedtest checks, the Company has usedaccounting software for maintaining itsbooks of account which has a feature ofrecording audit trail (edit log) facility andthe same has operated throughout the yearfor all relevant transactions recorded in thesoftware except that, audit trail feature is notenabled for direct changes to data when usingcertain access rights, as described in Note47 to the standalone financial statements.Further, during the course of our audit wedid not come across any instance of audittrail feature being tampered with, in respectof accounting software where the audit trailhas been enabled. Additionally, the audittrail of prior years has been preserved by theCompany as per the statutory requirementsfor record retention to the extent it wasenabled and recorded in the respective years.
Chartered Accountants
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 301003E/E300005
Partner
Membership Number: 067077UDIN: 26067077NVAZMX2886
Place of Signature: KolkataDate: May 28, 2