The Company recognizes provisions when a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event existsand it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle such obligation andthe amount of such obligation can be reliably estimated.
If the effect of time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, whenappropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passageof time is recognized as a finance cost.
A disclosure of contingent liability is also made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, butprobably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is possible obligation or a present obligation in respect ofwhich the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
Non-financial assets are subject to impairment tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that theircarrying amount may not be recoverable. Where the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. thehigher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell), the asset is written down accordingly.
Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is carried outon the smallest Group of assets to which it belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows; its cashgenerating units ('CGUs').
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equityinstrument of another entity.
Initial recognition and measurement
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories.
• those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss)
• those measured at amortised cost
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair valuethrough profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
i) Debt instruments at amortised cost
ii) Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
iii) Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
iv) Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows,and
b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal andinterest on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interestrate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and feesor costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profitor loss. The losses arising from impairment if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financialassets, and
b) The asset's contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest.
Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fairvalue. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). However, the Company does nothave any debt instruments which meets the criteria for measuring the debt instrument at FVTOCI.
Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classifiedas at FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCIcriteria, at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognitioninconsistency (referred to as 'Accounting Mismatch'). The Company has not designated any debt instrument at FVTPL.
Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognizedin the Statement of Profit and Loss.
All equity investments, except investments in subsidiaries and associates are measured at FVTPL. The Company maymake an irrevocable election on initial recognition to present in OCI any subsequent changes in the fair value. TheCompany makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis.
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) isprimarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company's Balance Sheet) when:
i) The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
ii) The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to paythe received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a 'pass-through' arrangement; and either(a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neithertransferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-througharrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neithertransferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset,the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement. Inthat case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability aremeasured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of theoriginal carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required torepay.
The Company assess on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets carriedat amortised cost and FVTOCI debts instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there hasbeen significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables, the Company is not exposed to any credit risk as thepossession of residential and commercial units is handed over to the buyer only after all the instalments are recovered.
For financial assets carried at amortised cost, the carrying amount is reduced and the amount of the loss is recognised inthe Statement of profit and loss. Interest income on such financial assets continues to be accrued on the reduced carryingamount and is accrued using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of measuring theimpairment loss. The interest income is recorded as part of finance income. Financial asset together with the associatedallowance are written off when there is no realistic prospect of future recovery and all collateral has been realised or hasbeen transferred to the Company. If, in a subsequent year, the amount of the estimated impairment loss increases ordecreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairmentloss is increased or decreased. If a write-off is later recovered, the recovery is credited to finance costs.
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at FVTPL, loans and borrowings, or payables,as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of financial liability not recorded at fair valuethrough Profit or Loss, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables and loans and borrowings.
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Financial liabilities measured at FVTPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated uponinitial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held fortrading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at theinitial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair valuegains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequentlytransferred to Statement of Profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has notdesignated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using theEIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through theEIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are anintegral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimbursethe holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the
terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted fortransaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured atthe higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amountrecognised less cumulative amortisation.
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. Whenan existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the termsof an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of theoriginal liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised inthe Statement of Profit and Loss.
The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition,no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assetswhich are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing thoseassets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company's management determines changein the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company's operations. Suchchanges are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins orceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it appliesthe reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reportingperiod following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses(including impairment gains or losses) or interest.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Ind AS Balance Sheet if there isa currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, torealise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transactionbetween market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that thetransaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
i) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or-
ii) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liabilityThe principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricingthe asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economicbenefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the assetin its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data areavailable to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservableinputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within thefair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurementas a whole:
i) Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
ii) Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement isdirectly or indirectly observable
iii) Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement isunobservable
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determineswhether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowestlevel input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.
Cash and cash equivalent in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with anoriginal maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
The Company has applied five step model as set out in Ind AS 115 to recognise revenue in this Financial Statements. TheCompany satisfies a performance obligation and recognises revenue over time, if one of the following criteria is met:
a. The customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company's performance as theCompany performs; or
b. The Company's performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created orenhanced; or
c. The Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and the entity has anenforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
For performance obligations where one of the above conditions are not met, revenue is recognised at the point in time atwhich the performance obligation is satisfied.
Revenue is recognised either at point of time and over a period of time based on the conditions in the contracts withcustomers.
The Company has determined that the existing terms of the contract with customers does not meet the criteria torecognise revenue over a period of time. Revenue is recognized at point in time with respect to contracts for saleof residential and commercial units as and when the control is passed on to the customers which is linked to theapplication and receipt of occupancy certificate.
The Company provides rebates to the customers. Rebates are adjusted against customer dues and the revenue tobe recognized. To estimate the variable consideration for the expected future rebates the company uses the “most-likely amount” method or “expected value method”.
The Company is entitled to invoice customers for construction of residential and commercial properties based onachieving a series of construction-linked milestones. A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goodsor services transferred to the customer. If the company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer beforethe payment is due, a contract asset is recognized for the earned consideration that is conditional. Any receivablewhich represents the Company's right to the consideration that is unconditional is treated as a trade receivable.”
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has receivedconsideration from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or servicesto the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised asrevenue when the Company performs under the contract.”
For all debt instruments measured at amortised cost. Interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate(EIR).
Rental income arising from operating leases is accounted over the lease terms.
Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid tothe taxation authorities based on the taxable profit for the period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amountare those that are enacted by the reporting date and applicable for the period.
Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for alldeductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carryingamount in financial statements, except when the deferred tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset orliability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at thetime of transaction.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the assetis realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reportingdate.
Deferred tax asset in respect of carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses are recognized to the extentthat it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carryforward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is nolonger probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Current and deferred tax are recognized as income or an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when theyrelate to items that are recognized in OCI, in which case, the current and deferred tax income/ expense are recognized inOCI. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set offthe recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liabilitysimultaneously. In case of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, the same are offset if the Company has a legallyenforceable right to set off corresponding current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets anddeferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the Company.
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to long term project development activities are inventorised / capitalized aspart of project cost.
All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and othercosts that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable equity share holders toby the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the purpose of calculating dilutedearnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year and the weighted average number of equity shares outstandingduring the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of alldilutive potential equity shares.
Company as a Lessor
In arrangements where the Company is the lessor, it determines at lease inception whether the lease is a finance lease oran operating lease. Leases that transfer substantially all of the risk and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlyingasset to the counterparty (the lessee) are accounted for as finance leases. Leases that do not transfer substantially allof the risks and rewards of ownership are accounted for as operating leases. Lease payments received under operatingleases are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term or anothersystematic basis. The Company applies another systematic basis if that basis is more representative of the pattern inwhich benefit from the use of the underlying asset is diminished.
The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates andassumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the accompanyingdisclosures and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Estimates and judgements are continuously evaluated and arebased on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable.Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to thecarrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in theperiod in which the estimate is revised and in any future period affected.
The Company makes certain judgement, estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Actual experience may differfrom these judgements, estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that have significant risk of causingmaterial adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below.
The Company determines the estimated useful life of its Property, Plant and Equipments and Investment Property forcalculating depreciation. The estimate is determined after considering the expected usage of the assets or physicalwear and tear. The company periodically review the estimated useful life and the depreciation method to ensurethat the method and period of depreciation are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from theseassets.
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount,which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposalcalculation is based on available data from binding sales transactions conducted at arm's length, for similar assetsor observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. An assessment is carried to determinewhether there is any indication of impairment in the carrying amount of the Company's assets. If any such indicationexists, the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amountof an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
Significant judgments are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determiningthe provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions.
The determination of net realisable value of inventory includes estimates based on prevailing market conditions,current prices and expected date of commencement and completion of the project, the estimated future selling price,cost to complete projects and selling cost.
The Contingent Liabilities exclude undeterminable outcome of pending litigations.
The Company has assessed that it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will berequired to settle the obligation.
Information on Related Party Transactions as required by Ind AS 24 - ‘Related Party Disclosures'
(As identified by the management)
Abhishek Lodha
The payables to related parties arise mainly from purchase transactions and services received and are paid asper agreed terms ranging from 90-180 days.
b) Loans to Related Parties
The loans to related parties are unsecured bearing interest rate upto 7% p.a.. Loans are utilised for generalbusiness purpose and repayable within 12 months.
For management purposes, the Company has only one reportable segments namely, Development of real estate property.The Board of Directors of the Company acts as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM evaluates theCompany's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators.
The carrying amount of financial assets and financial liabilities measured at amortised cost in the financial statements area reasonable approximation of their fair values since the Company does not anticipate that the carrying amounts wouldbe significantly different from the values that would eventually be received or settled.
The Company's principal financial liabilities comprise mainly of trade and other payables. The main purpose of thesefinancial liabilities is to finance the Company's operations. The Company's principal financial assets include loans andadvances, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and Bank Balances other than Cash and CashEquivalents and Other Balances with Bank.
- Market risk
- Credit risk, and
- Liquidity risk.
The Company has evolved a risk mitigation framework to identify, assess and mitigate financial risk in order to minimizepotential adverse effects on the company's financial performance. There have been no substantive changes in thecompany's exposure to financial instrument risks, its objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks or themethods used to measure them from previous periods unless otherwise stated herein.
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because ofchanges in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risks: interest rate risk, currency risk and otherprice risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk includes borrowings, investments, trade payables, tradereceivables, loans and derivative financial instruments. There is no interest rate risk as the company does not haveany interest bearing loan from any bank, financial institution or any other party. There is no currency risk on accountof absence of foreign currency exposure.
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customercontract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarilytrade receivables) and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions, foreignexchange transactions and other financial instruments.
The Company's exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. Thedemographics of the Company's customer base, including the default risk of the industry and country, in whichcustomers operate, has less influence on the credit risk.
The Company has entered into contracts for the sale of residential and commercial units on an installment basis.The installments are specified in the contracts. The Company is exposed to credit risk in respect of installmentsdue. However, the legal ownership of residential and commercial units are transferred to the buyer only after all theinstallments are recovered. In addition, installment dues are monitored on an ongoing basis with the result that theCompany's exposure to credit risk is not significant. The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respectto trade receivables as low, as none of its customers constitutes significant portions of trade receivables as at theyear end.
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in raising funds to meet commitments associatedwith financial instruments that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. Liquidity risk may result froman inability to sell a financial asset quickly at close to its fair value. The Company has an established liquidity riskmanagement framework for managing its short term, medium term and long term funding and liquidity managementrequirements. The Company's exposure to liquidity risk arises primarily from mismatches of the maturities of financialassets and liabilities. The Company manages the liquidity risk by maintaining adequate funds in cash and cashequivalents.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on contractualundiscounted payments.
(i) The Company does have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against theCompany for holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
(iii) The Company does not have any secured borrowings, hence registration of charges or satisfaction is notapplicable.
(iv) The Company have not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the period/year.
(v) The Company have not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreignentities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or onbehalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(vi) The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party)with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or onbehalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(vii) The Company have not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrenderedor disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search orsurvey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
(viii) Submission of quarterly return or statement is not applicable as the company does not have borrowings from Banksor financial institutions.
Ratios which are not applicable to the company as there are no such transaction/balances : 1. Debt-Equity Ratio , 2. DebtService Coverage Ratio 3. Return on Investment 4. Net Capital Turnover Ratio 5. Return on Equity Ratio 6. Net ProfitRatio and 7. Return on Capital Employed
41 Subsequent Events
There are no subsequent events which require disclosure or adjustment subsequent to the Balance Sheet date.
42 The Board of the Company at its meeting held on 30-July-2024, has subject to necessary approvals, considered andapproved Scheme of merger by absorption of the Company with Macrotech Developers Limited (“Holding Company”) andtheir respective shareholders (“Scheme”) under scetion 232 read with section 230 of The Companies Act, 2013.
43 The figures for the corresponding previous year have been regrouped/ reclassified, wherever considered necessary, tomake them comparable with current years classification.
As per our attached Report of even date For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
National Standard (India) Limited
For MSKA & Associates
Chartered Accountants Ravi Dodhia Smita Ghag
Firm Registration Number: 105047W Director Director
DIN:09194577 DIN:02447362
Mayank Vijay Jain
Partner Rameshchandra Chechani Darshan Multani
Membership No. 512495 Chief Financial Officer Chief Executive Officer
Place : Mumbai Hitesh Marthak
Date : 17-April-2025 Company Secretary, Membership No: A18203