The carrying amounts of trade receivables, cash and bank balances, current loans, current borrowings, and trade payables are considered to be approximately equal to the fair value.

I. Fair value hierarchy

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are

(a) recognised and measured at fair value and,

(b) measured at amortised cost and for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements.

To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the company has classified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribed under the Indian accounting standard. An explanation of each level is as follows :

Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. For example, listed equity instruments that have quoted market price.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, traded bonds, over-the- counter derivatives) is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity securities, contingent consideration and indemnification asset included in level 3.

II. Valuation techniques used to determine fair value

Significant valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:

o Use of quoted market price or dealer quotes for similar instruments o Using discounted cash flow analysis.

The fair values computed above for assets measured at amortised cost are based on discounted cash flows using a current borrowing rate. They are classified as level 2 fair values in the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs.

The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:

• Credit risk ;

• Liquidity risk ; and

• Market risk

A. Credit risk

Credit risk refers to the risk of default on its obligation by the counterparty resulting in a financial loss. The company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily for trade receivables and loans) and from its financing activities (deposits with banks and other financial instruments).

Credit risk management

Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the credit worthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful debts and impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in respect of trade and other receivables and investments.

The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk as at 31 March,2024 and 2023 is the carrying value of each class of financial assets

ii Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company held cash and bank balance with credit worthy banks of Rs. 3,93,796/- at 31st March 2024 , and (Rs. 22,03,032/- at March 31, 2023). The credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, other than Cheques in hand, is limited as the Company generally invests in deposits with banks where credit risk is largely perceived to be extremely insignificant.

B. Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at a reasonable price. For the Company, liquidity risk arises from obligations on account of financial liabilities - trade payables and borrowings.

Liquidity risk management

The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient funds to meet its liabilities when due without incurring unacceptable losses. In doing this, management considers both normal and stressed conditions. A material and sustained shortfall in our cash flow could undermine the Company's credit rating and impair investor

The Company maintained a cautious funding strategy, with a positive cash balance throughout the year ended 31st March, 2024 and 31st March, 2023. This was the result of cash delivery from the business. Cash flow from operating activities provides the funds to service the financing of financial liabilities on a day-to-day basis. The Company's treasury department regularly monitors the rolling forecasts to ensure it has sufficient cash on-going basis to meet operational needs. Any short term surplus cash generated by the operating entities, over and above the amount required for working capital management and other operational requirements, are retained as cash and cash equivalents (to the extent required).

C. Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices will affect the Company's income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments. The Company is exposed to market risk primarily related to interest rate risk and the market value of the investments.

i Currency Risk

The functional currency of the Company is Indian Rupee. Currency risk is not material, as the Company does not have any exposure in foreign currency.

ii Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk can be either fair value interest rate risk or cash flow interest rate risk. Fair value interest rate risk is the risk of changes in fair values of fixed interest bearing investments because of fluctuations in the interest rates. Cash flow interest rate risk is the risk that the future cash flows of floating interest bearing investments will fluctuate because of fluctuations in the interest rates.

Exposure to interest rate risk

According to the Company interest rate risk exposure is only for floating rate borrowings. Company does not have any floating rate borrowings on any of the Balance Sheet date disclosed in this financial statements. iii Price Risk

Price risk is the risk that the fair value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market traded price. It arises from financial assets such as investments in quoted instruments.

a Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed rate Instruments

The Company does not account for any fixed rate financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through Profit or Loss. Therefore, a change in interest rates at the reporting date would not affect Profit or Loss. b Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable rate Instruments

The company does not have any variable rate instrument in Financial Assets or Financial Liabilities.

The company's objectives when managing capital are to

• safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that they can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders, and

• maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

The capital structure of the Company is based on management's judgement of the appropriate balance of key elements in order to meet its strategic and day-today needs. We consider the amount of capital in proportion to risk and manage the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets.

The management monitors the return on capital as well as the level of dividends to shareholders. The Company will take appropriate steps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure.

Additional Regulatory Information Note: 31

(i) Title deeds of Immovable Properties not held in name of the Company

The company is engaged in Infrastructure segment and holds inventories. Since it is stock in trade hence not required to be held in name of company

(ii) The Management has confirmed that they have physically verified the Investment Property and the Inventories of Infrastructure and Real Estate division of the Company comprises of open plots of land underdeveloped land assets, therefore shown under the head inventories.

(iii) During the year, the Company has not revalued its Property, Plant and Equipment (including Right-of-Use Assets).

(iv) The company does not hold any intangible assets during the year.

(v) No proceedings have been initiated during the year or are pending against the Company as at March 31, 2024 for holding any benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (as amended in 2016) and rules made thereunder.

(vi) No Loans or Advances in the nature of loans has been granted to promoters, Directors, KMPs and the related parties (as defined under Companies Act, 2013) during the year, other than the ICD as shown in Balance Sheet.

(vii) The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.

(viii) The Company has not borrowed any amount from banks or financial institutions on the basis of security of current assets.

(ix) As per the information available with us, the Company did not have any transactions with companies struck off during the financial year.

(xi) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year 2023-24.

(xii) The Company does not have any pending creation, satisfaction or registration of charge with ROC.

(xiii) No vendor has given MSME declaration hence no interest is due on amount dues to small/micro undertaking,

(xiv) There is no obligation in respect of gratuity and leave encashment during the year.

(xv) Balances are relied upon as per books of accounts wherever the confirmations from debtors /creditors /Loans /Advances are not available. Debtors and Creditors Balances are subject to Confirmation. Debtors & Creditors Balances are as per Management Representation and relied upon by the Auditors.

(xvi) Corporate social responsibility

Amount required to be spent by the company

(a) during the year N.A

(b) Amount of expenditure incurred N.A

(c) Nature of CSR activities N.A

(xvii) No funds (which are material either individually or in the aggregate) have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person or entity, including foreign entity ("Intermediaries"), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.

(xviii) No funds (which are material either individually or in the aggregate) have been received by the Company from any person or entity, including foreign entity ("Funding Parties"), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether, directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.

(xix) There is no "undisclosed income" which has been reported by the Company during the assessment.