(n) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
i) Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result ofpast events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and theamount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. Provisions aremeasured at the present value of management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle thepresent obligation at the end of the reporting period.
Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are discounted using pre-tax rate that reflects current marketassessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provisiondue to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
ii) A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmedby the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of thecompany. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financialstatements.
iii) Contingent assets are not recognized, but disclosed in the financial statements where an inflow of economicbenefit is probable.
(o) Warranties
Provisions for service warranties and returns are recognised when the Company has a present or constructiveobligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle theobligation and the amount can be reliably measured.
(p) Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs consist of interest, ancillary and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with theborrowing of funds and interest relating to other financial liabilities. Borrowing costs also include exchangedifferences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes asubstantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. Allother borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
(q) Leases
The Company has adopted Ind AS 116-Leases effective 1 April 2019, using the modified retrospective method. TheCompany has applied the standard to its leases with the cumulative impact recognised on the date of initialapplication ( 1 April 2019). Accordingly, previous period information has not been restated.
The Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains,a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange forconsideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Companyassesses whether:
(i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset
(ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the leaseand
(iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.
At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognises a right-of-use asset ("ROU") and acorresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelvemonths or less (short term leases) and leases of low value assets. For these short term and leases of low valueassets, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight line basis over the term ofthe lease.
3 A Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions
The preparation of the Company's financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to makejudgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets andliabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Estimates andjudgements are continuously evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, includingexpectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable. Uncertainty about these assumptions andestimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets orliabilities affected in future periods. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which theestimate is revised.
a) Fair value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measuredbased on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using appropriate valuation techniques.The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, adegree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such asliquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fairvalue of financial instruments.
b) Taxes
The Company periodically assesses its liabilities and contingencies related to income taxes for all years open toscrutiny based on latest information available. For matters where it is probable that an adjustment will be made,the Company records its best estimates of the tax liability in the current tax provision. The Management believesthat they have adequately provided for the probable outcome of these matters.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit willbe available against which the losses can be utilised. Significant management judgement is required to determinethe amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of futuretaxable profits.
c) Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations
The obligation arising from defined benefit plan is determined on the basis of actuarial assumptions. Keyactuarial assumptions include discount rate, trends in salary escalation and attrition rate. The discount rate isdetermined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government securities.
Note - 36 Financial risk management objectives and policies
The Company's principal financial liabilities comprise borrowings, trade and other payables. The main purpose of thesefinancial liabilities is to finance and support Company's operations. The Company's principal financial assets include trade andother receivables, cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances and refundable deposits that derive directly from itsoperations.
The Company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's senior management oversees themanagement of these risks. The Company's senior management ensures that the Company's financial risk activities aregoverned by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed inaccordance with the Company's policies and risk objectives. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies for managingeach of these risks.
Financial risk management
The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:
(i) Market risk
(ii) Credit risk and
(iii) Liquidity risk
i. Market risk
Market risk arises from the Company's use of interest bearing financial instruments. It is the risk that the fair value or futurecash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates (interest rate risk) or other marketfactors. Financial instruments affected by market risk include borrowings, fixed deposits and refundable deposits.
a Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changesin market interest rates. The Company is not exposed to the risk of changes in market interest rates as the funds borrowedby the Company is at fixed ineterest rate.
b Foreign currency risk
Currency risk is not material, as the Company's primary business activities are within India and does not have significantexposure in foreign currency.
ii- Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leadingto a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and fromits financing activities including security deposits, loans to employees and other financial instruments.
a) Trade receivables
The Company extends credit to customers in the normal course of business. The Company considers factors such as financialconditions / market practices, credit track record in the market, analysis of historical bad debts and past dealings forextension of credit to customers. Individual credit limits are set accordingly. The Company monitors the payment track recordof the customers and ageing of receivables. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored. The Companyconsiders the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, as its customers are located in severaljurisdictions and industries and operate in largely independent markets.
The Company uses provision matrix whereby trade receivables are considered doubtful based on past trends where suchreceivables are outstandings for more than one year other than related parties.
b) Financial Instrument and cash deposits
With respect to credit risk arising from the other financial assets of the Company, which comprise bank balances, cash, otherreceivables and deposits, the Company's exposure to credit risk arises from default of the counterparty, with a maximumexposure equal to the carrying amount of these assets.
Credit risk from balances with banks is managed by Company's treasury in accordance with the Company's policy. TheCompany limits its exposure to credit risk by only placing balances with local banks. Given the profile of its bankers,management does not expect any counterparty to fail in meeting its obligations.
iii. Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Companymonitors its risk to a shortage of funds using a recurring liquidity planning tool. This tool considers the maturity of both itsfinancial investments and financial assets (e.g. trade receivables, other financial assets) and projected cash flows fromoperations.
The cash flows, funding requirements and liquidity of Company is monitored under the control of Treasury team. Theobjective is to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of the management of the Company's capital resources. TheCompany's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and borrowings. The Company managesliquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves and borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecasted and actualcash flows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
The Company currently has sufficient cash on demand to meet expected operational expenses, including the servicing offinancial obligations.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on contractual undiscountedpayments:
44 No transactions to report against the following disclosure requirements as notified by MCA pursuant to amended Schedule III:
i Crypto Currency or Virtual Currencyiv Relating to borrowed funds:
a) Wilful defaulter
b) Utilisation of borrowed funds & share premium
c) Discrepancy in utilisation of borrowings
Note - 45 Particulars of Loans, Guarantees or Investments covered under Section 186(4) of the Companies Act, 2013
There are no loans granted, guarantees given and investments made by the Company under Section 186 of the Companies Act,2013 read with rules framed thereunder except as stated under note 5 to the financial statement.
Note - 46
The manufacturing activities at the factory premises were closed / negligible. However the Management represented that themanufacturing activities have commenced at very minimal / negligible level as the management is focusing more on projects andproject related works.
Note - 47
Pursuant to the notification issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), effective April 1, 2023, it is mandatory for everycompany maintaining its books of accounts using accounting software to ensure that the software includes an audit trail (edit log)feature. This feature must record each and every transaction, log all changes made (including the date of such changes), and mustnot allow the audit trail functionality to be disabled.
The Company is in compliance with the aforementioned requirement and currently uses Tally Edit Log, an accounting softwaresolution that fully supports audit trail functionalities. This software automatically records an edit log for every transaction, includingmodifications, along with timestamps. Furthermore, the audit trail feature in Tally Edit Log cannot be disabled, ensuring theintegrity and traceability of the accounting data.
In addition to the use of compliant software, and to mitigate risks associated with unauthorized direct changes at the databaselevel, the Company has established and implemented appropriate alternate mitigating controls. These controls are designed todetect, prevent, and address any potential deviations from standard accounting practices, thereby ensuring comprehensivecompliance with the MCA guidelines.
Note - 48
Debit and Credit balances are subject to confirmation and reconciliation if any.
Note - 49
Previous year figures have been regrouped / reclassified, wherever necessary, to correspond with current year classification.
As per our report of even date
For Agarwal Tibrewal & Co For and on behalf of the Board
Chartered AccountantsRegistration No. 328977E
Amit Agarwal Shivkumar Chhangur Singh Saideep Shantaram Bagale
partner Whole time Director & Chief Financial
Partner Officer Director
M. No. 303411 DIN - 07203370 DIN - 07196456
Sonal Jain
Place: Mumbai Company Secretary
Date: 28/05/2025