We have audited the standalone financial statements ofTata Consultancy Services Limited (the "Company") whichcomprise the standalone balance sheet as at 31 March 2026,and the standalone statement of profit and loss (includingother comprehensive income), standalone statement ofchanges in equity and the standalone statement of cash flowsfor the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financialstatements, including material accounting policies and otherexplanatory information.
In our opinion and to the best of our information and accordingto the explanations given to us, the aforesaid standalonefinancial statements give the information required by theCompanies Act, 2013 ("Act") in the manner so required andgive a true and fair view in conformity with the accountingprinciples generally accepted in India, of the state of affairsof the Company as at 31 March 2026, and its profit and othercomprehensive loss, changes in equity and its cash flows for theyear ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standardson Auditing (SAs) specified under Section 143(10) of the Act.
Our responsibilities under those SAs are further described inthe Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the StandaloneFinancial Statements section of our report. We are independentof the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issuedby the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together withthe ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of thestandalone financial statements under the provisions of the Actand the Rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethicalresponsibilities in accordance with these requirements and theCode of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we haveobtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for ouropinion on the standalone financial statements.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professionaljudgment, were of most significance in our audit of the standalonefinancial statements of the current period. These matters wereaddressed in the context of our audit of the standalone financialstatements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, andwe do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
Revenue recognition-Fixed price contracts where revenue is recognised using percentage of completion method
See Note 4(a) and 10 to the standalone financial statements
The key audit matter
How the matter was addressed in our audit
The Company inter alia engages in Fixed-price contracts, wherein,revenue is recognised using percentage of completion computedas per the input method based on the Company's estimate ofcontract costs.
We identified revenue recognition of fixed price contracts wherethe percentage of completion is used as a key audit matter since -
• there is an inherent risk and presumed fraud risk around theaccuracy and existence of revenues recognised consideringthe customised and complex nature of these contracts andsignificant inputs of IT systems;
• application of revenue recognition using percentage ofcompletion under accounting standard (Ind AS 115, Revenuefrom Contracts with customers) is complex and involvesestimating the future cost-to-completion of these contracts,which is used to measure the stage of completion of therelevant performance obligations;
• these contracts may involve onerous obligations whichrequires critical assessment of foreseeable losses to be madeby the Company; and
• at year-end, significant amount of contract assets, unearnedand deferred revenue balances related to these contracts arerecognised on the balance sheet.
Our audit procedures included the following:
• Obtained an understanding of the systems, processes andcontrols implemented by the Company for recording andcomputing revenue and the associated contract assets,unearned and deferred revenue balances.
• Involved our Information technology ('IT') specialists, asrequired and assessed the IT environment in which thebusiness systems operate.
• Evaluated the design and implementation and tested operatingeffectiveness of the Company's key manual and automatedinternal financial controls over:
> Computation of revenue;
> Cost and revenue reports generated by the system;
> Allocation of resources and budgeting systems whichprevent the unauthorised recording/changes tocosts incurred; and
> Estimation of contract costs required to complete therespective projects.
• On specific and statistically selected samples of contracts, wetested that the revenue recognised is in accordance with therevenue recognition accounting standard. This includes testingthe Company's computation of the estimation of contract costsand onerous obligations, if any, where we:
> assessed that the estimates of costs to complete werereviewed and approved by appropriate designatedmanagement personnel;
> performed a retrospective analysis of costs incurredwith estimated costs to identify significant variationsand challenged whether those variations are requiredto be considered in estimating the remaining costs tocomplete the contract;
> assessed the appropriateness of contract assets, unearnedand deferred revenue on balance sheet date by evaluatingthe progress of underlying contracts and milestonesachieved to identify possible changes in estimated costs tocomplete the remaining performance obligations; and
> inspected underlying documents and performedsubstantive procedures over cost budget changes todetermine reasonableness of contract costs.
• Tested details of a sample of journal entries related to revenuerecognised from percentage of completion method throughoutthe reporting period, using risk-based criteria, with therelevant underlying documentation.
• Assessed the appropriateness of the related disclosures in thestandalone financial statements.
Other Information
The Company's Management and Board of Directors areresponsible for the other information. The other informationcomprises the information included in the Company's annualreport, but does not include the financial statements andauditor's report thereon. The Company's annual report isexpected to be made available to us after the date of thisauditor's report.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does notcover the other information and we will not express any form ofassurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financialstatements, our responsibility is to read the other informationidentified above when it becomes available and, in doingso, consider whether the other information is materiallyinconsistent with the standalone financial statements or ourknowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to bematerially misstated.
When we read the Company's annual report, if we concludethat there is a material misstatement therein, we are requiredto communicate the matter to those charged with governanceand take necessary actions, as applicable under the relevant lawsand regulations.
Management's and Board of Directors' Responsibilities for theStandalone Financial Statements
The Company's Management and Board of Directors areresponsible for the matters stated in Section 134(5) of the Actwith respect to the preparation of these standalone financialstatements that give a true and fair view of the state of affairs,profit/ loss and other comprehensive income, changes inequity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with theaccounting principles generally accepted in India, including theIndian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under Section133 of the Act. This responsibility also includes maintenance ofadequate accounting records in accordance with the provisionsof the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and forpreventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selectionand application of appropriate accounting policies; makingjudgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; anddesign, implementation and maintenance of adequate internalfinancial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring theaccuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevantto the preparation and presentation of the standalone financialstatements that give a true and fair view and are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the standalone financial statements, theManagement and Board of Directors are responsible for assessing
the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing,as applicable, matters related to going concern and using thegoing concern basis of accounting unless the Board of Directorseither intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, orhas no realistic alternative but to do so.
The Board of Directors are also responsible for overseeing theCompany's financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the StandaloneFinancial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whetherthe standalone financial statements as a whole are free frommaterial misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and toissue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonableassurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee thatan audit conducted in accordance with SAs will always detect amaterial misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arisefrom fraud or error and are considered material if, individually orin the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influencethe economic decisions of users taken on the basis of thesestandalone financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exerciseprofessional judgment and maintain professional skepticismthroughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement ofthe standalone financial statements, whether due to fraudor error, design and perform audit procedures responsiveto those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficientand appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Therisk of not detecting a material misstatement resultingfrom fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, asfraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions,misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant tothe audit in order to design audit procedures that areappropriate in the circumstances. Under Section 143(3)(i) ofthe Act, we are also responsible for expressing our opinionon whether the company has adequate internal financialcontrols with reference to financial statements in place andthe operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policiesused and the reasonableness of accounting estimatesand related disclosures made by the Management andBoard of Directors.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the Managementand Board of Directors use of the going concern basis ofaccounting in preparation of standalone financial statementsand, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a
material uncertainty exists related to events or conditionsthat may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability tocontinue as a going concern. If we conclude that a materialuncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in ourauditor's report to the related disclosures in the standalonefinancial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate,to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on theaudit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor'sreport. However, future events or conditions may cause theCompany to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and contentof the standalone financial statements, including thedisclosures, and whether the standalone financialstatements represent the underlying transactions andevents in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding,among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the auditand significant audit findings, including any significant deficienciesin internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statementthat we have complied with relevant ethical requirementsregarding independence, and to communicate with themall relationships and other matters that may reasonably bethought to bear on our independence, and where applicable,related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged withgovernance, we determine those matters that were of mostsignificance in the audit of the standalone financial statementsof the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.
We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law orregulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when,in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a mattershould not be communicated in our report because the adverseconsequences of doing so would reasonably be expected tooutweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order,
2020 ("the Order") issued by the Central Government ofIndia in terms of Section 143(11) of the Act, we give inthe "Annexure A" a statement on the matters specified inparagraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
2. A. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report that:
a. We have sought and obtained all the informationand explanations which to the best of ourknowledge and belief were necessary for thepurposes of our audit.
b. In our opinion, proper books of account asrequired by law have been kept by the Companyso far as it appears from our examination
of those books.
c. The standalone balance sheet, the standalonestatement of profit and loss (including othercomprehensive income), the standalonestatement of changes in equity and thestandalone statement of cash flows dealtwith by this Report are in agreement with thebooks of account.
d. In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financialstatements comply with the Ind AS specifiedunder Section 133 of the Act.
e. On the basis of the written representationsreceived from the directors as on 1 April 2026to 9 April 2026 taken on record by the Board ofDirectors, none of the directors is disqualifiedas on 31 March 2026 from being appointed as adirector in terms of Section 164(2) of the Act.
f. With respect to the adequacy of the internalfinancial controls with reference to financialstatements of the Company and the operatingeffectiveness of such controls, refer to ourseparate Report in "Annexure B".
B. With respect to the other matters to be included inthe Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 ofthe Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, inour opinion and to the best of our information andaccording to the explanations given to us:
a. The Company has disclosed the impact ofpending litigations as at 31 March 2026 on itsfinancial position in its standalone financialstatements- Refer income tax liabilities disclosedin the balance sheet, Note 8(f) and Note 19 tothe standalone financial statements.
b. The Company did not have any long-termcontracts including derivative contracts for whichthere were any material foreseeable losses.
c. There has been no delay in transferring amounts,required to be transferred, to the InvestorEducation and Protection Fund by the Company.
d. (i) The management has represented that,
to the best of its knowledge and belief,other than as disclosed in the Note 23 tothe standalone financial statements, nofunds have been advanced or loaned orinvested (either from borrowed funds or
share premium or any other sources orkind of funds) by the Company to or in anyother person(s) or entity(ies), includingforeign entities ("Intermediaries"), with theunderstanding, whether recorded in writingor otherwise, that the Intermediary shalldirectly or indirectly lend or invest in otherpersons or entities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of the Company("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide anyguarantee, security or the like on behalf ofthe Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(ii) The management has represented that,to the best of its knowledge and belief, asdisclosed in the Note 23 to the standalonefinancial statements, no funds havebeen received by the Company from anyperson(s) or entity(ies), including foreignentities ("Funding Parties"), with theunderstanding, whether recorded in writingor otherwise, that the Company shalldirectly or indirectly, lend or invest in otherpersons or entities identified in any mannerwhatsoever by or on behalf of the FundingParties ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provideany guarantee, security or the like on behalfof the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(iii) Based on the audit procedures thathave been considered reasonable andappropriate in the circumstances, nothinghas come to our notice that has caused usto believe that the representations undersub-clause (i) and (ii) of Rule 11(e), asprovided under (i) and (ii) above, containany material misstatement.
e. The interim dividend declared and paid by theCompany during the year and until the date ofthis audit report is in accordance with Section123 of the Act.
The final dividend paid by the Company duringthe year, in respect of the same declared forthe previous year, is in accordance with Section123 of the Act to the extent it applies topayment of dividend.
As stated in Note 26 to the standalone financialstatements, the Board of Directors of theCompany have proposed final dividend forthe year which is subject to the approval ofthe members at the ensuing Annual GeneralMeeting. The dividend declared is in accordancewith Section 123 of the Act to the extent itapplies to declaration of dividend.
f. Based on our examination which included test
checks, the Company has used accountingsoftwares for maintaining its books of account,which have a feature of recording audit trail(edit log) facility and the same has operatedthroughout the year for all relevant transactionsrecorded in the respective softwares.
Further, we did not come across any instanceof the audit trail feature being tampered with.Additionally, where audit trail (edit log) facilitywas enabled and operated in the previousyears, the audit trail has been preserved by theCompany as per the statutory requirements forrecord retention.
C. With respect to the matter to be included in theAuditor's Report under Section 197(16) of the Act:
In our opinion and according to the information andexplanations given to us, the remuneration paid bythe Company to its directors during the current yearis in accordance with the provisions of Section 197of the Act. The remuneration paid to any director isnot in excess of the limit laid down under Section 197of the Act. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has notprescribed other details under Section 197(16) of theAct which are required to be commented upon by us.
For B S R & Co. LLP
Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration No.:101248W/W-100022
Aniruddha Godbole
Partner
Place: Mumbai Membership No.: 105149
Date: 09 April 2026 ICAI UDIN:26105149WFOLZK5894