p. Provisions and Contingent Liabilities_
Provisions are recognised when the company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it isprobable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated.Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the presentobligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflectscurrent market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision dueto the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will beconfirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control ofthe Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resourceswill be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
q. Earnings per share_
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (excluding other comprehensive income) for the yearattributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The weightedaverage number of equity shares outstanding during the year is adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in aright issue, shares split and reserve share splits (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity sharesoutstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the netprofit or loss (excluding other comprehensive income) for the year attributable to equity share holders and the weightedaverage number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
r. Post-sale-client support and warranties_
The Company provides its clients with a fixed-period warranty for corrections of errors and support on all its fixed-price, fixed¬time frame contracts. Costs associated with such support services are accrued at the time when related revenues are recordedand included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
s. Cash flow statement
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits heldat call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or lessthat are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, andbank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
Cash flows are reported using indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cashnature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expensesassociated with investing or financing cash flows. Cash flows are reported using indirect method, whereby profit before tax isadjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts orpayments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows.
t. Critical estimates and judgements_
The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with Ind AS which requires management to make estimates,assumptions and exercise judgement in applying the accounting policies that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilitiesand disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expensesduring the year.
The Management believes that these estimates are prudent and reasonable and are based upon the Management’s bestknowledge of current events and actions. Actual results could differ from these estimates and differences between actualresults and estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known or materialised.
This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which aremore likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originallyDefined benefit obligation
The cost of post-employment benefits is determined using actuarial valuations. The actuarial valuation involves makingassumptions about discount rates, expected rate of return on assets, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the longterm nature of these plans such estimates are subject to significant uncertainty._
I. Fair value hierarchy
The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in anorderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are (a) recognised and measuredat fair value and (b) measured at amortised cost and for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements. To provide an indication about thereliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the group has classified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribed under theaccounting standard. An explanation of each level follows underneath the table.
Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. For example, listed equity instruments that have quoted marketprice.
Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, traded bonds, over-the- counter derivatives) isdetermined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If allsignificant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case forunlisted equity securities, contingent consideration and indemnification asset included in level 3.
Note:
During the periods mentioned above, there have been no transfers amongst the levels of hierarchy.
The carrying amounts of trade receivables, cash and bank balances, other bank balances, non-current loans, current loans, trade payables and othercurrent financial liabilities are considered to be approximately equal to the fair value.
3.22 Financial risk management
The Company’s principal financial liabilities comprise deposits, trade and other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to financethe Company’s operations. The Company’s principal financial assets include current loans, trade and other receivables, and cash and cash equivalentsthat derive directly from its operations. The Company also holds FVTPL investments in mutual funds.
The Company is exposed to credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. The Company’s senior management oversees the management of these risks.
A Credit risk
The company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily for trade receivables) and from its financing activities (deposits with banksand other financial instruments).
Credit risk management
To manage credit risk, the Company follows a policy of providing 30-180 days credit to the domestic customers basis the nature of customers. Thecredit limit policy is established considering the current economic trends of the industry in which the company is operating.
However, the trade receivables are monitored on a periodic basis for assessing any significant risk of non-recoverability of dues and provision is createdaccordingly.
Bank balances are held with only high rated banks and majority of other security deposits are placed majorly with government agencies/public sectorundertakings.
B Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at a reasonable price. For the Company,liquidity risk arises from obligations on account of financial liabilities - trade payables and other financial liabilities.
Liquidity risk management
The Company’s management is responsible for liquidity and funding as well as settlement management. In addition, processes and policies related tosuch risks are overseen by senior management. Management monitors the Company’s net liquidity position through rolling forecasts on the basis of
(i) Foreign currency risk
The Company is not exposed to foreign exchange risk as there is no receivable and payables in foreign currency.
(ii) Price Risk
The company is exposed to price risk from its investment in mutual fund classified in the balance sheet at fair value of profit and loss
To manage its price risk arising from the investment, the Company has invested in the mutual fund after considering the risk andreturn profile of the mutual funds i.e. the debt profile of the mutual fund indicates that the debt has been given to creditworthybanks and other institutional parties and equity investment is made after considering the performance of the stock.. However, theentity being risk averse has opted to invest its substantial funds in debt oriented mutual funds.
3.23 Capital ManagementRisk management
The company’s objectives when managing capital are to
• safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that they can continue to provide returns for shareholders andbenefits for other stakeholders, and
• maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.
3 30 Contractual liabilities
All contractual liabilities connected with business operations of the Company have been appropriately provided for.
3.31 Realisations_
In the opinion of the Board and to the best of its knowledge and belief, the value on realisation of current assets, loans andadvances, will in the ordinary course of business be not less than the amounts at which they are stated in the Balance Sheet.
3.32 Transfer pricing_
The Management is of the opinion that its transactions are at arm’s length so that the aforesaid legislation will not have anyimpact on the financial statements, particularly on the amount of tax expense and that of provision for tax.
3.33 Segment Reporting
As per para 12 of Ind AS 108,two or more operating segments may be aggregated into a single operating system ifaggregation is consistent with the core principle of this Ind AS, the segments have similar economic characteristics, and thesegments are similar in each of the following respects:
a) the nature of the products and services
b) the nature of the production process
c) the type or class of customersfor their products and services
d) the methods used to distribute their products or provide their services
e) if applicable,the nature of their regulatory environment
The company has only one reporting segment, hence Segment reporting is not applicable.
3.34 The management carried out its own assessment towards future business plan, interest, ability and liquidity to run thebusienss activities and management is confident that the going concern of the business activity has not impacted.
3.35 The company has not advanced or loaned or invested any funds (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any othersources or kind of funds) to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“Intermediaries”), with theunderstanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall, directly or indirectly lend or invest inother persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) orprovide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
3.36 The Company does not have a working capital limit in excess of Rs 5 crore sanctioned by banks based on the security ofcurrent assets. The quarterly returns/statements, in respect of the working capital limits have been filed by the Company withsuch banks and such returns/statements are in agreement with the books of account of the Company for the respective periodswhich were subject to audit/review.
3.37 Amounts in the financial statements are rounded off to meet thousands._
3.38
Previous year figures have been regrouped and restated to conform to the classification of current year to the extent necessary