3.16 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and ContingentAssets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a presentobligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, itis probable that an outflow of resources embodying economicbenefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.When the Company expects some or all of a provision to bereimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separateasset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. Theexpense relating to a provision is presented in the statement ofprofit and loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisionsare discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, whenappropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discountingis used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of timeis recognised as a finance cost.
Contingent Liabilities and Assets
Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed inthe notes. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made wherethere is a possible obligation arising out of past event, theexistence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrenceor non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future eventsnot wholly within the control of the Company or a presentobligation arising out of past event where it is either notprobable that an outflow of resources will be required tosettle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.Contingent Assets are not recognised but disclosed in thefinancial statements when economic inflow is probable.
3.17 Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the netprofit or loss for the period after deducting any attributabletax thereto for the period by the weighted average numberof equity shares outstanding during the period. For thepurpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the netprofit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholdersand the weighted average number of shares outstandingduring the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutivepotential equity shares.
3.18 Current and Non-current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balancesheet based on current/ non current classification.
An asset is current when:
- It is expected to be realised or intended to be sold orconsumed in normal operating cycle (twelve months),
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,
- It is expected to be realised within twelve months afterthe reporting period,
- It is cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from beingexchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelvemonths after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle(twelve months),
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after thereporting period,
Or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlementof the liability for at least twelve months after thereporting period.
All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
3.19 Business Combination
Business combinations, if any, are accounted for usingthe acquisition accounting method as at the date of theacquisition, which is the date at which control is transferred tothe Company. The consideration transferred in the acquisitionand the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed arerecognised at fair values on their acquisition date. Goodwill isinitially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate ofthe consideration transferred and the amount recognised fornon-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, overthe net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.If the Goodwill computed as per IND AS 103 is negative, theacquirer needs to reassess the identification and measurement
of the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingentliabilities and the measurement of the cost of combination.If negative goodwill remains, this is recognised immediatelyin OCI and accumulated in equity as Capital Reserve. TheCompany recognises any non-controlling interests, and anyprevious interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquiredand liabilities assumed. The Company recognises any non¬controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-by¬acquisition basis either at fair value or at the non-controllinginterest's proportionate share of the acquired entity's netidentifiable assets. Consideration transferred does not includeamounts related to settlement of pre-existing relationships.Such amounts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, other than thoseincurred in relation to the issue of debt or equity securities. Anycontingent consideration payable is measured at fair value atthe acquisition date. Subsequent changes in the fair value ofcontingent consideration are recognised in the statement ofProfit and Loss.
If there is an acquisition of an asset or a group of assets thatdoes not constitute a business.In such cases the Companyshall identify and recognise the individual identifiable assetsacquired (including those assets that meet the definition of, andrecognition criteria for, intangible assets in Ind AS 38, IntangibleAssets) and liabilities assumed. The cost of the group shall beallocated to the individual identifiable assets and liabilities onthe basis of their relative fair values at the date of purchase. Sucha transaction or event does not give rise to goodwill.
(b) Defined benefit plan:
Gratuity
The Employee's Gratuity Fund Scheme, which is defined benefit plan, is managed by Trust maintained With the Life Insurance Corporationof India. The liabilities with respect to Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method on the balancesheet date, based upon which the Company contributes to the Group Gratuity Scheme. The difference, if any, between the actuarialvaluation of the gratuity of employees at the year end and the balance of funds with Life Insurance Corporation of India, is providedfor as assets/ (liability) in the books. Actuarial gains/ (losses) for defined benefit plans are recognised in full and are immediately takento the statement of profit and loss and Other Comprehensive Income accordingly as per actuarial Valuation Report. The Gratuity Planprovides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amountequivalent to 15 to 30 days' salary for each completed year of service . Vesting occurs upon completion of five continuous years of servicein accordance with Indian law. The gratuity fund is separately administered by a Gratuity Fund Trust.
The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction betweenwilling parties other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:
(1) Fair value of cash and short-term deposits, trade and other short term receivables, current investments, trade payables , other currentliabilities, short-term loans from banks and other financial institutions approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short termmaturities of these instruments.
(2) Financial instruments with fixed and variable interest rate are evaluated by the Company based on parameter such as interest rates andindividual credit worthiness of the counterparty. Based on this evaluation, allowances are taken into account for the expected losses ofthese receivables.
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation technique.Level 1 : Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 : Other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effects on the recorded fair value are observable, eitherdirectly or indirectly.
Level 3 : Techniques which use inputs that have a significant effects on the recorded fair value that are not based on observable market data.
The Company's principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprise loans and borrowings, trade and other payables and advancesfrom customers. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company's operations, projects under implementation andto provide guarantees to support its operations. The Company's principal financial assets include Investment, loans and advances, trade andother receivables and cash and bank balances that derive directly from its operations.
The Company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's financial risk management is an integral part of how toplan and execute its business strategies. The Company's financial risk management policy is set by the Managing Board.
All derivative activities for risk management purposes are carried out by specialist teams that have the appropriate skills, experience andsupervision. It is the Company's policy that no trading in derivatives for speculative purposes to be undertaken. The Board of Directors reviewsand finalises policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarised below.
A. Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices.Market risk comprises three types ofrisk: Interest rate risk, Currency risk and Commodity price risk. Financial instruments affected by marketrisk include investments and deposits, foreign currency receivables, payables, loans and borrowings and derivative financial instruments.
The Company manages market risk through a treasury department, which evaluates and exercises independent control over theentire process of market risk management. The treasury department recommends risk management objectives and policies, which areapproved by Senior Management and the Audit Committee. The activities of this department include management of cash resources,implementing hedging strategies for foreign currency exposures, borrowing strategies and ensuring compliance with market risklimits and policies.
(i) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes inmarket interest rates. In order to optimize the Company's position with regard to interest income and interest expenses to managethe interest rate risk, treasury performs a comprehensive corporate interest rate risk management by balancing the proportion offixed rate and floating rate financial instruments in its total portfolio.
Interest rate sensitivity
The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates on the unhedged portion of loansand borrowings. With all other variables held constant, the Company's profit before tax is affected through the impact on floatingrate borrowings, as follows:
(iii) Commodity price risk
Principal Raw Material for Company's products is variety of plastic polymers which are primarily Derivatives of Crude Oil. Companysources its raw material requirement from across the globe. Domestic market prices are also generally remains in sync withinternational market price scenario. Volatility in Crude Oil prices, Currency fluctuation of Rupee vis-a-vis other prominent currenciescoupled with demand-supply scenario in the world market affect the effective price and availability of polymers for the Company.Company effectively manages with availability of material as well as price volatility through:
1. Widening its sourcing base
2. Appropriate contracts and commitments
3. Well planned procurement & inventory strategy and
4. Prudent hedging policy on foreign currency exposure
Risk committee of the Company comprising members from Board of Directors and operations has developed and enacted a riskmanagement strategy regarding commodity Price risk and its mitigation.
B. Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to afinancial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables and advances to suppliers)and from its financing activities, including deposits and other financial instruments.
(i) Trade Receivables
Customer credit risk is managed by each business unit subject to the Company's established policies, procedures and controlrelating to customer credit risk management. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored. An impairment analysisis performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major clients.
The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, as its customers are located in severaljurisdictions and operate in largely independent markets.
The ageing analysis of the receivables (gross of provisions) have been considered from the due date of payment.(Refer Note no. 12)
(ii) Financial Instruments and Cash and bank balances
Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Company's treasury department in accordancewith the Company's policy. Credit limits of all authorities are reviewed by the Management on regular basis. All balances with banksand financial institutions are subject to low credit risk due to good credit ratings assigned to these entities.
C. Liquidity Risk
The Company monitors its risk of a shortage of funds using a liquidity planning tool. The Company's objective is to maintain a balancebetween continuity of funding and flexibility through the use of cash credit, letter of credit, factoring, bill discounting and workingcapital limits.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on contractual payments.
The Company's lease asset classes primarily consist of leases for buildings, machinery and warehouses.
• The company didn't recognized Right to Use and Lease liabilities for lease for which the lease terms pertaining to the uncancellableperiod ends within 12 months on the date of initial transition and low value assets.
• The Company excluded initial direct cost from measurement of the Right to Use assets at the date of initial application.
• The Company uses hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease.
Hence, the Company has recognised the lease payments associated with those leases as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term.Lease liabilities were measured at the present value of remaining lease payments, discounted at the Company's acturial discounting rate. Rightto Use is measured at an amount equal to the lease liability adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued lease payments.
Definations
(a) Earning for available for debt service = Net Profit after taxes Non-cash operating expenses like depreciation and otheramortisations Interest other adjustments like loss on sale of Fixed assets etc.
(b) Debt service = Interest & Lease Payments Principal Repayments
(c) Average inventory = (Opening inventory balance Closing inventory balance) / 2
(d) Net credit sales = Net credit sales consist of gross credit sales minus sales return
(e) Average trade receivables = (Opening trade receivables balance Closing trade receivables balance) / 2 (f) Net credit purchases= Net credit purchases consist of gross credit purchases minus purchase return
(g) Average trade payables = (Opening trade payables balance Closing trade payables balance) / 2
(h) Average Working capital = (Opening Working Capital Closing Working Capital)/2
(i) Earning before interest and taxes = Profit before exeptional items and tax Finance costs
(j) Capital Employed = Tangible Net Worth Total Debt Deferred Tax Liability Lease Liabilities
b) The company do not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the company for holdingany Benami Property.
c) The company do not have any transactions with struck off companies under Section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560 ofCompanies Act, 1956.
d) The company has used the borrowings from banks and financial institutions for the specific purpose for which it was taken at thebalance sheet date.
e) The Company has not advanced any fund to any person or entity, including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding(whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the person or entity shall:
i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company(Ultimate Benificiaries); or
ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Company.
f) The Company has not received any fund from any person or entity, including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding(whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company(Ultimate Benificiaries); or
b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Company.
g) The Company has not been declared a willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender (as defined under theCompanies Act, 2013) or consortium thereof, in accordance with the guidelines on willful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
h) As at 31st March, 2025, there are no charges which is yet to be registered reflecting in records of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Thenecessary charges for loan outstanding as on March 31,2024 was well created within the stipulated statutory period.
i) The company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies(Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
j) The company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual currency during the financial year.
Dividends paid during the year ended March 31, 2025 include an amount of Rs 1.00 (100%per equity share towards final dividend for the yearended March 31, 2024. Dividends paid during the year ended March 31, 2024 include an amount of Rs. 1.00 per equity share towards finaldividend for the year ended March 31, 2024 and an amount of Rs. 0.50 paise per equity share towards interim dividends (including specialdividend) for the year ended March 31, 2024.
Dividends declared by the Company are based on the profit available for distribution. On May 15, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Companyhave proposed a final dividend of Rs. 1.75 per share in respect of the year ended March 31, 2025 subject to the approval of shareholders at theAnnual General Meeting, and if approved, would result in a cash outflow of approximately Rs. 1810.84 lacs."
Ddev Plastiks Industries Ltd. (DPIL) uses SAP-S4 HANA as the accounting software. SAP ensures an audit trail, providing standard functionalityand logging in all changed data in the system. This functionality and audit trail feature in SAP has been operational throughout the year for allrelevant transactions recorded through the application at DPIL.
At DPIL, accounting documents are used to record all business transactions - posted documents are stored in SAP for every transactionand a financial document once posted cannot be deleted or changed for data points impacting financials. The SAP environmentat DPIL is appropriately governed and only authorised users can make postings in SAP, while interacting with the system throughthe application layer. Normal/regular users are not granted nor have direct SAP-DB (database) or super user level access whichwould allow them to make any changes to financial documents directly which have already been posted through the application.To operate the SAP-application and the SAP-DB, the system necessarily requires a set of super-users to have DB-level accesses. These super¬users are obligated to perform system related tasks. They are not allowed to carry out any direct changes/edits to financial transactions in theSAP-DB, which if carried out is ill-legal. In the event of an unauthorised change by a super user specifically, these can be detected throughan investigative approach and/or using services provided by SAP as part of their financial data quality check service, which validates theconsistency of financials based on the request of the client. Therefore, while the SAP-DB at the moment does not have the concurrent real timeaudit trail feature in view of its infeasibility, the tracking of changes can be done through a focused enquiry process."
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian AccountingStandards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31,2025, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments tothe existing standards applicable to the Company.
57. Previous year figures have been regrouped/rearranged/ reclassified where necessary to correspond with current year figures.
For B. Mukherjee & Co. For and on behalf of Board of Directors
Chartered AccountantsFirm Registration No:302096E
Narrindra Dev Surana Ddev Surana
(DIN: 00060127) (DIN: 08357094)
Chairman and Managing Director Whole Time Director
S K Mukherjee
Partner
Membership No.006601 Tanvi Goenka Arihant Bothra
Date : 15th May, 2025 (Membership No. ACS 31176) Chief Financial Officer
Place : Kolkata Company Secretary