Provisions for legal claims are recognised when the entity has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events,it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated.Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the presentobligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflectscurrent market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due tothe passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent liability is disclosed for Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within thecontrol of the Company, or Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources willbe required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.
Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed except when realisation of income is virtually certain, related asset isdisclosed.
v) Changes in accounting policies and disclosures
Effective from 1 April 201 9, the Company has applied Ind AS 116, which replaces the existing lease standard , Ind AS 1 7-Leasesand other interpretations.The Company has applied Ind AS 116 using the modified retrospective approach and has accordingly notrestated the comparative information. The Company at the inception of a contract, assesses whether the contract, is or containsa lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period oftime in exchange for consideration. Ind AS 116 introduces a single balance sheet lease accounting model for lessees. A lesseerecognises a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset and a lease liability representing its obligation tomake lease payments. The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use of assets and lease liabilities for short term leasesthat have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associatedwith these leases as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term. Lessor accounting remains similar to the accountingunder the previous standard i.e. lessor continues to classify leases as finance or operating lease. This policy is applied to contractsentered into, or changed, on or after 1 April 2019. For contracts entered into before 1 April 2019, the determination of whetheran arrangement is, or contains a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangementis, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangementconveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
As a lessee :
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right of use asset is initiallymeasured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or beforethe commencement date, plus any initial direct cost incurred and an estimate of cost to dismantle and remove the underlyingasset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use assetis subsequently depreciated using the straight line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the usefullife or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful life of the right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those ofproperty, plant and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjustedfor certain remeasurements of the lease liability. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease paymentsthat are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot bereadily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The lease payments shall include fixed payments, variable leasepayments, residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise thatoption and payment of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising an option to terminatethe lease. Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest. It isremeasured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-substance fixed payments. When the leaseliability is remeasured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset, or the Statement of the Profit and Loss ifthe right-of-use asset is already reduced to zero. On the Balance Sheet, right-of-use assets have been included in property, plantand equipment and lease liabilities have been included in borrowings & other financial liabilities.
"In the comparative period, leases of property, plant and equipment where the Company, as lessee, had substantially all therisks and rewards of ownership was classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the lease's inception at the fairvalue of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations,net of finance charges, was included in borrowings or other financial liabilities as appropriate. Each lease payment is allocatedbetween the liability and finance cost. The finance cost was charged to the profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce aconstant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period. In comparative period, leases in whicha significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership was not transferred to the Company as lessee was classified as operatingleases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) was charged to profit or loss on astraight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payment was structured to increase in line with expected general inflationto compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases.
In respect of assets given on operating lease, lease rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the respective leaseagreements.
w) Significant management judgment in applying accounting policies and estimation uncertainty
The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions thataffect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the related disclosures.
Significant management judgments :
Recognition of deferred tax assets - The extent to which deferred tax assets can be recognized is based on an assessment of theprobability of the future taxable income against which the deferred tax assets can be utilized.
Evaluation of indicators for impairment of assets - The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requiresassessment of several external and internal factors which could result in deterioration of recoverable amount of the assets.
Classification of leases - The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. The classification of theleasing arrangement as a finance lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including, but notlimited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee's option to purchase and estimated certainty ofexercise of such option, proportion of lease term to the asset's economic life, proportion of present value of minimumlease payments to fair value of leased asset and extent of specialized nature of the leased asset.
Impairment of financial assets - At each balance sheet date, based on historical default rates observed over expected life, themanagement assesses the expected credit loss on outstanding financial assets.
Provisions - At each balance sheet date basis the management judgment, changes in facts and legal aspects, the Company assessesthe requirement of provisions against the outstanding contingent liabilities. However the actual future outcome may be differentfrom this judgment.
Significant estimates:
Net realizable value of inventory - The determination of net realisable value of inventory involves estimates based on prevailingmarket conditions, current prices and expected date of commencement and completion of the project, the estimated future sellingprice, cost to complete projects and selling cost. The Company also involves specialist to perform valuations of inventories,wherever required.
Useful lives of depreciable/ amortisable assets - Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable/ amortisableassets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical andeconomic obsolescence that may change the utility of assets.
Fair value measurements - Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments (whereactive market quotes are not available). This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with how market participantswould price the instrument.
Valuation of investment in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates - Investments in joint ventures and associates are carriedat cost. At each balance sheet date, the management assesses the indicators of impairment of such investments. This requiresassessment of several external and internal factor including capitalisation rate, key assumption used in discounted cash fl owmodels (such as revenue growth, unit price and discount rates) or sales comparison method which may affect the carrying value ofinvestments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates.
Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices.
Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, traded bonds, over-the-counter derivatives) is determined usingvaluation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fairvalue an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.
There are no transfers between levels 1 and 2 during the year. The company's policy is to recognise transfers in and transfers out of fair value hierarchy levels as at theend of the reporting period.
The carrying amounts of trade receivables, loans, trade payables and cash and bank balances are considered to be the same as their fair values, due to their short termnature.
The fair values of non-current borrowings are based on discounted cash flows using current borrowing rate. They are classified as level 3 fair values in the fair valueheirarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs, including own credit risk.
Note : Financial Risk management
The Company's activities expose it to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. In order to minimise any adverse effects on the financial performance of the Company, derivativefinancial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts are entered to hedge certain foreign currency risk exposures. Derivatives are used exclusively for hedgingpurposes and not as trading or speculative instruments
The Company's risk management is carried out by the treasury department under policies approved by the Board of Directors. The board provides written principles for overallrisk managemnt as well as policies covering specific areas such as interest rate risk, credit risk and investment of excess liquidity.
(A) Credit Risk:
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty will not meet its obligation under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to financial loss. The credit risk arisesprincipally from operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from financing activities, including deposits with banks and other financial instruments.
(i) Credit risk management
Credit risk is managed at the company level. The Company has only one customer i.e., MN Science and technology park private limited which is the subsidiary of theCompany. Hence the credit risk is considered at low credit risk category.
(ii) Provision for expected credit losses
The company provides for expected credit loss based on the following:
Liquidity risk is the risk that the company will encounter difficulty in meeting its obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash oranoher financial asset. The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure as far as possible that it will ahve sufficient liquidity to meet its liabillities when thayare due, under both normal and stresses conditions without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation.
The Company has lines of credit from group company and also from banks. The company believes that these facilities are sufficient to meet its funds requirements.Accordingly, no liquidity risk is perceived.
The tables below analyse the company's financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities for:
- all non derivative financial liabilities, and
- net and gross settled derivative financial instruments for which the contractual maturities are essential for an understanding of the timing of the cash flows
The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact ofdiscounting is not significant.
(a) Risk management
The Company's objective when managing capital are to:
1. Safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that they can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders, and
2. Maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital
In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new sharesor sell assets to reduce debts.
Consistent with others in the industry, the group monitors capital on the basis of the following gearing ratio:
(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Group forholding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
(iii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period,
(iv) The Company has not traded or invested in Cryp to currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(v) The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any governmentauthority.
(vi) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities(Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of thecompany (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
(vii) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with theunderstanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Group shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of theFunding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries,
(viii) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered ordisclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any otherrelevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statementsAs per our attached report of even date
For Karvy & Co., For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
Chartered Accountants
Firm Registration No. : 001757S
Partner Chairman and Managing Director Director
Membership No. :225106 (DIN 02257638) (DIN 07258691)
Date : 23-05-2024 Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary