xvii. Provisions, contingent liabilities and assets

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is
probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of
profit or loss net of any reimbursement. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when
appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of
time is recognized as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are possible obligations that arise from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events not wholly within the control of the Company. Where it is not
probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation is
disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of an outflow of economic benefits is remote.

A contingent asset is not recognised but disclosed when a probable asset that arises from past events and whose existence
will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the
control of the entity.

Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

xviii. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cheques on hand, balance with banks on current accounts and short-term,
highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and which are subject to an insignificant risk of
changes in value.

xix. Dividend payable

Dividends and interim dividends payable to a Company's shareholders are recognized as changes in equity in the period in
which they are approved by the shareholder's meeting and the Board of Directors respectively.

xx. Non-current assets (or disposal group) held for sale and discontinued operations:

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying value and fair
value less costs to sell.

Assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying value will be recovered through a sale transaction
rather than through continuing use. This condition is only met when the sale is highly probable and the asset, or disposal
group, is available for immediate sale in its present condition and is marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation
to its current fair value.

Where a disposal group represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or is part of a single
coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, then it is treated as a
discontinued operation. The post-tax profit or loss of the discontinued operation together with the gain or loss recognised
on its disposal are disclosed as a single amount in the statement of profit and loss, with all prior periods being presented on
this basis.

xxi. Equity Issue Expenses

Expenses incurred on the issue of equity shares are charged in the securities premium account in the year in which it is
incurred.

xxii. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity
instrument of another entity.

A. Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets, except trade receivables, are initially recognized at fair value. Trade receivables are initially measured at
transaction price. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not
at fair value through profit or loss, are adjusted to the fair value of the financial assets, as appropriate, on initial recognition.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in the following categories:

a) Financial assets carried at amortised cost

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset
in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial assets give rise to cash flows on
specified dates that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Amortised cost
is determined using the Effective Interest Rate (EIR) method. Discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs
forms an integral part of the EIR.

b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both
collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise
on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Interest income for these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

c) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for
categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to
classify a financial instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such
election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as
'accounting mismatch'). Financial instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all
changes recognized in the profit and loss.

d) Equity investments

All equity investments, except investments in subsidiaries are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are
held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company decides to classify the
same either as at FVTOCI or FVTPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The
classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument
as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is
no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the
cumulative gain or loss within equity. Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair
value with all changes recognized in the profit and loss. Equity investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost except
for the equity investments in subsidiaries as at the transition date which are carried at deemed cost being fair value as
at the date of transition.

Impairment of financial assets:

The company assesses on a forward-looking basis the expected credit losses associated with the assets carried at amortised
cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant
increase in credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, a 12-month ECL is used to
provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent
period, the credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since
initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on a 12-month ECL.

For trade receivables, the company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 "Financial Instruments” which
requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of receivables. The Company uses historical
default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of trade receivables. At every reporting date, these historical
default rates are reviewed and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed

Derecognition of financial assets:

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when, and only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial
asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another
entity.

If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the
transferred asset, the Company recognises its retained interest in the assets and an associated liability for amounts it may
have to pay.

B. Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or
issue of financial liabilities (other than financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from
the fair value of the financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL. After initial recognition,
interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and
losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by considering any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral
part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. For trade and other
payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short
maturity of these instruments.

Derecognition of financial liabilities:

A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from the Company's Balance Sheet when, and only when
the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.

C. Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities including derivative instruments are offset and the net amount is reported in the
balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to
settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

xxiii.Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting

The Company uses various derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk of changes in interest rates, exchange rates
and commodity prices. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a
derivative contract is entered into and are also subsequently measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as Financial
Assets when the fair value is positive and as Financial Liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to Statement of Profit and
Loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedge which is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and later

to Statement of Profit and Loss when the hedged item affects profit or loss or is treated as basis adjustment if a hedged
forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a Non-Financial Assets or Non-Financial liability.

Hedges that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:

A. Cash Flow Hedge:

The Company designates derivative contracts or non-derivative Financial Assets / Liabilities as hedging instruments to
mitigate the risk of movement in interest rates and foreign exchange rates for foreign exchange exposure on highly probable
future cash flows attributable to a recognised asset or liability or forecast cash transactions. When a derivative is designated
as a cash flow hedging instrument, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in the
cash flow hedging reserve being part of Other Comprehensive Income. Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value
of the derivative is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. If the hedging relationship no longer meets
the criteria for hedge accounting, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. If the hedging instrument expires
or is sold, terminated or exercised, the cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognized in cash flow hedging
reserve till the period the hedge was effective remains in cash flow hedging reserve until the underlying transaction occurs.
The cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in the cash flow hedging reserve is transferred to the Statement of Profit
and Loss upon the occurrence of the underlying transaction. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
then the amount accumulated in cash flow hedging reserve is reclassified in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

B. Fair Value Hedge:

The Company designates derivative contracts or non-derivative Financial Assets / Liabilities as hedging instruments
to mitigate the risk of change in fair value of hedged item due to movement in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and
commodity prices. Changes in the fair value of hedging instruments and hedged items that are designated and qualify as fair
value hedges are recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss. If the hedging relationship no longer meets the criteria for
hedge accounting, the adjustment to the carrying amount of a hedged item for which the effective interest method is used
for amortising to Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of maturity.

xxiv. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction
to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic
benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset
in its highest and best use.

The Entity uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to
measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as
a whole:

Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or
indirectly observable

Level 3: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets & liabilities on the basis of the
nature, characteristics and the risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

xxv. Employees benefits

a) Short-term obligations

Short-term obligations for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within
twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service up to the end of the reporting
period are recognised and measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled.

b) Post-employment obligations

i. Defined contribution plans

The eligible employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined
contribution plan, in which both employees and the Company make contribution at a specified percentage of the
covered employee's salary. The contributions, as specified under Defined Contribution Plan to Regional Provident
Commissioner and the Central Provident Fund recognised as expense during the period in the statement of profit and
loss.

ii. Defined benefit plans

Non-funded defined benefits plans: The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan ('the Gratuity
Plan') covering eligible employees of the company. The Gratuity Plan provides a lumpsum payment to vested employees
at retirement, death, or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the
tenure of employment with the company.

The cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuation being
carried out at each balance sheet date.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation.

The service cost and net interest on the net defined benefit liability/(asset) is included in employees benefits expenses
in the statement of profit and loss.

Past service cost is recognised as an expense when the plan amendment or curtailment occurs or when any related
restructuring costs or termination benefits are recognised, whichever is earlier.

Re-measurement gain and loss arising from experience adjustments and change actuarial assumptions are recognised
in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. Re-measurements are not classified to the
Statement of Profit and Loss in subsequent periods.

Funded defined benefits plans: The Company also made a contribution to the provident fund set up as an irrevocable
trust. The Company is generally liable for monthly contributions and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the
government-specified minimum rates of return or pension and recognises such contributions and shortfall, if any, as
an expense in the year incurred.

c) Compensated absences

The employees of the Company are entitled to compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating
in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation using the
projected unit credit method for the unused entitlement that has accumulated as at the balance sheet date. The benefits
are discounted using the market yields as at the end of the balance sheet date that has terms approximating to the terms of
the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are
recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

d) Voluntary retirement scheme

Compensation to employees who have opted for retirement under the "Voluntary Retirement scheme” is charged to the profit
and loss account in the year of retirement. The Company is required to use updated actuarial assumptions to remeasure net
defined benefit liability or assets on amendments, curtailment or settlement of the defined benefit plan.

The Company adopted an amendment to Ind AS 19 as required by said notification to determine:

Ý Current Service Costs and net interest for the period after remeasurement using the assumptions used for
remeasurement and

Ý Net interest for the remaining period based on the remeasured net defined benefit liability or asset.

xxvi. Operating segments

The Company's operating segments are established on the basis of those components of the Company that are evaluated
regularly by the Board of Directors (the 'Chief Operating Decision Maker' as defined in Ind AS 108 - 'Operating Segments'), in
deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. These have been identified taking into account the nature
of products and services, the differing risks and returns and the internal business reporting systems.

Revenue and Expenses have been identified to a segment on the basis of relationship to operating activities of the segment.
Revenue and Expenses which relate to enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to a segment on reasonable basis have
been disclosed as "Un-allocable”.

Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities represent Assets and Liabilities in respective segments. Assets and liabilities that
cannot be allocated to a segment on reasonable basis have been disclosed as "Un-allocable”.

xxvii. Cash flow statement

Cash flows are stated using the indirect method, whereby profit/loss before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of
a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and items of incomes and
expenses associated with investing or financing flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of
the Company are segregated.

xxviii. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) for the year (before other comprehensive income),
attributable to the equity shareholders, by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) for the year (before other comprehensive income),
adjusting the after tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, attributable
to the equity shareholders, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per
share and also the weighted average number of equity shares which could be issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential
equity shares.

xxix. Recent pronouncements

During the year the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) announced amendment to Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2015. These amendments included an introduction of new IND AS 117 " Insurance Contracts "and replaces current Ind
AS 104 with consequential amendments in Ind AS 101 "First-time Adoption of Ind AS” , Ind AS 103 "Business Combinations” ,
Ind AS 105” Non-Current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations”, Ind AS 107 "Financial Instruments: Disclosures”,
Ind AS 109 "Financial Instruments” and Ind AS 115 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers” to align the with Ind AS 117.
Further, amendments in Ind AS 116 "Leases” is made to provide guidance on Sale and Leaseback Transactions. These
amendments are not relevant to the company

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards. There is no such
notification which would have been applicable from April 1,2025.

3) Use of estimates and management judgements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) requires the management
of the company to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of revenues, expenses,
assets, liabilities and related disclosures concerning the items involved as well as contingent assets and liabilities at the
balance sheet date.

The estimates and management's judgments are based on previous experience and other factors considered reasonable and
prudent in the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised
in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected

The areas involving critical judgement are as follows:

i. Useful lives of property plant and equipment / intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment / intangible assets are depreciated/amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking
into account estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets
annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation/amortisation to be recorded during any reporting period. The
useful lives and residual values are based on the Company's historical experience with similar assets and take into account
anticipated technological changes. The depreciation/amortisation for future periods is revised if there are significant
changes from previous estimates.

ii. Provisions and contingencies

The assessments undertaken in recognizing provisions and contingencies have been made in accordance with Ind AS 37,
'Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets'. The evaluation of the likelihood of the contingent events has
required best judgment by management regarding the probability of exposure to potential loss. The timing of recognition
and quantification of the liability requires the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be
subject to change.

iii. Post-employment benefit plans

Employee benefit obligations are measured on the basis of actuarial assumptions which include mortality and withdrawal
rates as well as assumptions concerning future developments in discount rates, the rate of salary increases and the inflation
rate. The Company considers that the assumptions used to measure its obligations are appropriate and documented.
However, any changes in these assumptions may have a material impact on the resulting calculations.

iv. Provision for income taxes and deferred tax assets

The Company's tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgements are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose
of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for
uncertain tax positions

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses and unused tax credit to the extent that it is probable that taxable
profit would be available against which the losses could be utilised. Significant management judgment is required to
determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future
taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.

v. Impairment of investments in subsidiaries

The Company reviews its carrying value of investments carried at cost (net of impairment, if any) annually, or more frequently
when there is an indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is
accounted for in the statement of profit and loss.

vi. Leases

The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of
a lease requires significant judgment. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term (including
anticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate.

The Company determines the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease, together with both periods covered by an
option to extend the lease if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option; and periods covered by an option to
terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise that option. In assessing whether the Company is
reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend a lease, or not to exercise an option to terminate a lease, it considers all
relevant facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive for the Company to exercise the option to extend the
lease, or not to exercise the option to terminate the lease. The Company revises the lease term if there is a change in the
non-cancellable period of a lease.

The discount rate is generally based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated or for a portfolio
of leases with similar characteristics.

vii. Fair value measurement of financial instruments

When the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on
quoted price in markets, then fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow model.
The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of
judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit
risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.