Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a resultof a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be requiredto settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes, if any. Contingent liabilities are disclosed for
i. possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of theCompany or
ii. present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources willbe required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot bemade.
Short-term obligations
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. Liabilities for wages andsalaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within one year after theend of the period in which the employees render the related service are the end of the reporting period
and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities arepresented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
Other long-term employee benefits obligations
The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 monthsafter the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are thereforemeasured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services providedby employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefitsare discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that haveterms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experienceadjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit or loss.
The company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for any of these obligations.However, based on past experience, the company does not expect all employees to take the full amountof accrued leave or require payment within the next 12 months and accordingly amounts have beenclassified as current and non-current based on actuarial valuation report.
Post-employment obligations
The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:
i. defined benefit plan - gratuity; and
ii. defined contribution plans such as provident fund.
Defined benefit plans
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is thepresent value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of planassets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit creditmethod. If the fair value of plan assets exceeds the present value of the defined benefit obligation at theend of the balance sheet date, then excess is recognized as an asset to the extent that it will lead to, forexample, a reduction in future contribution to plan asset.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cashoutflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that haveterms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applyingthe discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. Thiscost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss. Re-measurement gainsand losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognisedin the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retainedearnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet. Changes in the present value ofthe defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediatelyin profit or loss as past service cost.
Defined contribution plans
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund and superannuation fund are defined contributionschemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fundand superannuation fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable to the provident fund andsuperannuation fund as an expense, when an employee renders the related service. If the contributionpayable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution alreadypaid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution alreadypaid.
Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value, except for investment in associates where theCompany has availed option to recognise the same at cost in separate financial statements.
The classification depends on the Company’s business model for managing the financial asset andthe contractual terms of the cash flows. The Company classifies its financial assets in the followingmeasurement categories:
i. those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, orthrough profit or loss),
ii. those measured at amortised cost, and
iii. those measured at cost, in separate financial statements.
Subsequent measurement
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or othercomprehensive income. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Companyhas made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investmentat fair value through other comprehensive income. All other financial assets are measured at amortisedcost, using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into accountany discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIRamortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairmentloss financial assets that are not fair valued.
The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on Tradereceivables or contract revenue receivables; and all lease receivables resulting from transactions withinthe scope of Ind AS 116. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to trackchanges in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at eachreporting date, right from its initial recognition.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determinesthat whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit riskhas not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if creditrisk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used.
The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at thereporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized, is recognized under the head ‘other
expenses’ in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company does not have any purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets, i.e.,financial assets which are credit impaired on purchase/ origination.
De-recognition of financial assets
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when -
i. the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financialasset and the transfer qualifies for de-recognition under IND AS 109.
ii. it retains contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset but assumes a contractualobligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
When the entity has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewardsof ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is de-recognised if the Company has not retainedcontrol of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset iscontinued to be recognised to extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
Financial liabilities
Initial recognition
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings andpayables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the endof financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 45 days ofrecognition. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due withinone year after the reporting period.
The basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equityshareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. TheCompany does not have any potential equity share or warrant outstanding for the periods reported, hencediluted earnings per share is same as basic earnings per share of the Company.
Where a financial report contains both consolidated financial statements and separate financial statementsof the parent, segment information needs to be presented only in case of consolidated financial statements.Accordingly, segment information has been provided only in the consolidated financial statements.
The Company estimates the collectability of Loan receivables and Investments carried at cost by analysinghistorical payment patterns, credit-worthiness of party and current economic trends. If the financialcondition of the party deteriorates, additional allowances may be required.
Defined benefit obligation
The cost of the defined benefit plans and the present value of the defined benefit obligation are based onactuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method. An actuarial valuation involves making variousassumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determinationof the discount rate, future salary increases, employee turnover rate and mortality rates. Due to thecomplexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highlysensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The frequency of valuations depends upon the changes in fair values of the items of investment property being valued.Since frequent valuations are unnecessary, with only insignificant changes in fair value, the company obtainsindependent valuation for its investment properties once in five years, from registered valuers as defined under rule2 of Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017. The fair values of investment properties havebeen determined by A.D. Joshi Chartered Engineers and Valuers LLP. The fair market value is done by valuers isbased on physical inspection of properties and using comparable transfer instances of the similar type of propertiesof nearby locations, and with the prevailing market rates. Appropriate depreciation is considered for buildings.
ab Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to number of risks, the most significant of whichare detailed below:
Asset Volatility: The Plan liabilities are calculated using a discount rate set with reference to governmentbond yields. If plan assets underperform, this yield will create a deficit. The plan asset investments are infunds managed by insurer. These are subject to interest rate risk.
Changes in bond yield: A decrease in government bond yields will increase plan liabilities, although thismay be partially offset by an increase in the returns from plan asset.
ba The Company ensures that the investment positions are managed within an asset-liability matching (ALM)framework that has been developed to achieve long-term investments that are in line with the obligationsunder the employee benefit plans. Within the framework, the Company's ALM objective is to match assets tothe gratuity obligations by investing in funds with LIC in the form of a qualifying insurance policy.
The Company actively monitors how the duration and the expected yield of the investments are matching theexpected cash outflows arising from the employee benefit obligations. The Company has not changed theprocess used to manage its risks from previous periods.
bb The Company expects to contribute Rs. Nil lakhs to the defined benefit plan during the next annual reportingperiod.
This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financialinstruments that are recognised and measured at fair value. To provide an indication about the reliability ofthe inputs used in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into three levelsprescribed under the accounting standard. An explanation of each level follows underneath the table.
Level 1: This hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes listed equityinstruments and mutual funds that have quoted price. The fair value of all equity instruments which are tradedin the stock exchange is valued using the closing price as at the reporting period. The fair value of all mutualfunds are arrived at by using closing Net Asset Value published by the respective mutual fund houses.
Level 2: Fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuationtechniques which maximize the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specificestimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument as observable, the instrument is includedin level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable data, the instrument is included inlevel.
d) As per Ind AS 107 "Financial Instrument:Disclosure", fair value disclosures are not required when the carryingamounts reasonably approximate the fair value. Accordingly fair value disclosures have not been made forthe following financial instruments:-
1. Cash and cash equivalent
2. Other receivables
3. Other financial liabilities
4. Loans
The Company’s business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risksand credit risk. The Company’s senior management has the overall responsibility for establishing and governingthe Company’s risk management framework. The Company’s risk management policies are established toidentify and analyze the risks faced by the Company, to set and monitor appropriate risk limits and controls,periodically review the changes in market conditions and reflect the changes in the policy accordingly. Thekey risks and mitigating actions are also placed before the Audit Committee of the Company.
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a contract, leading to a financial loss.The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities and from its investing activities, includingloans, deposits with banks and other financial instruments.
The Company maintains exposure in cash and cash equivalents, loans to Associate and investment inAssociate and Group Companies. Investments of surplus funds are made only with approved counterpartiesand within credit limits assigned to each counterparty. Counterparty credit limits are reviewed by theCompany on an annual basis, and may be updated throughout the year. The limits are set to minimisethe concentration of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss through counterparty’s potential failure tomake payments.
Other financial assets that are potentially subject to credit risk consists of inter corporate loans. Thecompany assesses the recoverability from these financial assets on regular basis. Factors such as businessand financial performance of counterparty, their ability to repay, regulatory changes and overall economicconditions are considered to assess future recoverability. The Company charges interest on such loansis at arms length rate considering counterparty's credit rating. Based on the assessment performed, thecompany considers all the outstanding balances of such financial assets to be recoverable as on balancesheet date and no provision for impairment is considered necessary.
The Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of each class of financial assets.
The Company has given a corporate financial guarantee to banks on behalf of Pudumjee Paper ProductsLimited (the "Group Company") for credit facility of 180 crores (31-Mar-24: 180 crores). The credit facilityof the Group Company is short term for 12 months (renewable after expiry with mutual consent andnegotiations).
As per Ind AS 109, the Company is required to recognise financial guarantee commission income andfinancial guarantee liability based on fair value of such financial guarantee. However, the Company hasnot directly or indirectly received any commission or benefit by whatever name called, for providing suchguarantee. Also there is no future right to receive any benefit/ commission. As per the Management'sassessment, there would not be any change in rate of interest, commission, other charges charged bythe banks to the Group Company on the said credit facility or in any if the terms of the credit facility,with or without the corporate financial guarantee given by the Company. Further the Group Company isneither a subsidiary nor an associate of the Company. Hence based on the Management's assessment,the Company has not recorded any guarantee commission income on the corporate financial guaranteegiven to the Group Company.
Based on expected credit loss assessment, the Management does not estimate any liability to arise infuture on account of the corporate financial guarantee given. Hence no liability recognised in books forsuch corporate financial guarantee contract.
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will face in meeting its obligations associated with its financialliabilities. The Company’s approach in managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient funds to meetits liabilities when due without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to company’s reputation. Indoing this, management considers both normal and stressed conditions.
Management monitors the rolling forecast of the company’s liquidity position on the basis of expected cashflows. This monitoring includes financial ratios and takes into account the accessibility of cash and cashequivalents.
The following table shows the maturity analysis of the Company’s financial liabilities based on contractuallyagreed undiscounted cash flows along with its carrying value as at the Balance Sheet date.
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate becauseof fluctuation in market prices. These comprise three types of risk i.e. currency rate, interest rate and otherprice related risks. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits andinvestments.
i. ) Currency Risk and sensitivity:-
The Company does not have any currency risk as all operations and assets/liabilities are within India.
ii. ) Interest Rate Risk and Sensitive-
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows on a financial instrument will fluctuatebecause of changes in market interest rates. The management is responsible for the monitoring of thecompany’s interest rate position. Various variables are considered by the management in structuring thecompany’s investment to achieve a reasonable, competitive, cost of funding.
The Company does not have any variable rate instrument/loan. Hence there will be no change in profit due tochange in interest rates.
The company have investment in equities of group companies. The company treats the investment asstrategic and thus fair value the investment through OCI. Thus the changes in the market price of thesecurities are reflected under OCI and hence not having impact on profit and loss. The profit or loss onsale will be considered at the time of final disposal or transfer of the investment. investment in associateare not fair valued, but accounted using equity method in consolidated financial statements as explainedin note 2(a).
The Company’s policy is to maintain an adequate capital base so as to maintain creditor and market confidenceand to sustain future development. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company mayadjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. TheCompany monitors capital using gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital plus net debt. Net debtcomprises of long term and short term borrowings less cash and bank balances. Equity includes equity sharecapital and other equity that are managed as capital.
The Company has not pledged any assets current or non-current, as security.
The company has given certain industrial land and buildings and Machinery on operating lease. The leases arerenewable for further period on mutually agreeable terms. Management has placed appropriate safeguard for rightsthe Company retains on asstes given on operating lease. Further as per indeminity clauses of the lease agreement,the Company will be compensated for any loss resulting from whatever reason on the assets given on operatinglease other then normal wear and tear.
During the year ended March 31,2025 the Company did not have any transactions with companies struck offunder section 248 of the Companies Act 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act 1956. Hence no further disclosurerequired.
No proceddings has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any benami property under theBenami Transaction (Prohibition) Act 1988 or rules made thereunder.Hence no further disclosure required.
The Company is not in non compliance with number of layers of companies prescribed under clause (87) of section2 of the Companies Act 2013 read with the Companies (Restriction on number of layers) Rules, 2017. Hence nofurther disclosure required.
Previous year figure's have been reclassified to conform to this year's classificationThe accompanying notes are integral part of the financial statements.
As per our Report of date attached For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
For J M Agrawal & Co. of 3P Land Holdings Limited.
Firm Registration No.100130WChartered Accountants
Director Chairman & Executive Director
Partner
Membership No.148757 J. W. PATIL
Company Secretary & C.F.O
Place : Pune Place : Pune
Dated : 10th May, 2025 Dated : 10th May, 2025