A provision is recognized it as a result of past even the company has a presentlegal or constructive obligation that is reasonably estimated and its probablethat an outflow of economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation.Provisions are determined by discounting the expected cash flow at a pre-taxrate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of the moneyand the risk specified to the liabilities.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arise from past events whoseexistence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non- occurrence of one ormore uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a presentobligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow ofresources will be required to settle obligation. The company does not recognizea contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Ifmaterials are disclosed by way of notes to accounts.
Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements, as they aredependent on the outcome of legal or other processes.
Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefit are recorded inaccordance with Indian Accounting Standard (IND AS 19 employees benefit)
Short term employee benefits (i.e. benefits falling due within one year after theend of the period in which employees render the related service) are recognizedas expenses in the period in which employee services are rendered as per theCompany's scheme based on expected obligations on undiscounted basis.
Under Defined Contribution Plan, the contribution is payable in keeping withthe related schemes are recognized as expenses for the year.
Under Defined Benefit Plan, the present value of the obligations is determinedbased on actuarial valuations using the Projected Unit Credit Method, on thebasis of actuarial valuations carried out by actuary at each Balance Sheet date.Actuarial gain/ loss, if any, arising from experience adjustments and change inactuarial assumptions are charged or credited to other comprehensive incomein the period in which they arise.
Leave encashment/ compensated absence is determined by valuations usingProjected Unit Credit Method, on the basis of actuarial valuations carried outby actuary at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gain/ loss, if any, arising fromexperience adjustments and change in actuarial assumptions are charged orcredited to other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at banks andon hand and short term deposits with an original maturity of three months orless, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of Statement of Cash Flows, Cash and cash equivalentsconsists of cash at banks and short term deposits, as defined above, net ofoutstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part ofCompany's Cash Management.
Annual dividend distribution to the shareholders is recognized as a liability inthe period in which the dividend is approved by the shareholders. Dividendpayable are corresponding tax on dividend distribution is recognized directly inequity.
Basic Earnings per equity shares are calculated by dividing the net profit/ lossbefore OCI for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weightedaverage number of equity share outstanding during the year.
For calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss before OCI forthe period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted averagenumbers of share outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effect ofall diluted potential equity share.
A) Financial Assets
All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in case of financialassets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction cost thatare attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost, using EffectiveInterest Rate (EIR) method, if it is held with in a business model whoseobjective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual Cash Flows and thecontractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to CashFlows that are solely payments of principal and interest term on the principalamount outstanding.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premiumon Acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIRamortization is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss.The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the profit or loss. Thiscategory generally applies to trade receivables, cash and bank balances, loansand other financial assets of the company.
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through othercomprehensive income if it is held with in a business model whose objective isachieved by both collecting contractual Cash Flows and selling financial assetsand the contractual terms of the financial asset given rise on a specified dateto Cash Flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principalamount outstanding. He company has made an irrevocable election for itsinvestment which are classified as equity instruments to present thesubsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income based on itsbusiness model. Further, in case where the company has made an irrevocableelection based on its business model for its investment, which are classified asequity instrument the subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in othercomprehensive income.
If the company decided to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then allfair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized inthe OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profitand Loss, even on sale of investment. However, the company may transfer thecumulative gain or loss within equity.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fairvalue with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories aresubsequently fair valued through profit or loss.
Financial liabilities are recognized at fair value on initial recognition and in caseof loan and borrowing or payables net of directly attributable transaction costs.
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using effectiveinterest rate method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss whenthe liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.Amortization cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premiumon acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIRamortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance sheetdate, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity ofthese instruments.
The company de-recognition the financial assets when contractual right to CashFlow from financial assets expire or it transfer the financial assets and transferqualities for de-recognition under IND AS 109. A financial liability or a part ofa financial liability is de-recognized from the Company's Balance Sheet whenobligation specified in the Contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount isreported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right tooffset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis,to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
The company measure financial instrument at fair value at each Balance Sheetdate. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid totransfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at themeasurement date.
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the company usevarious method and assumption that are based on market conditions and risksexisting at each reporting date. The methods used to determine the fair valueincludes discounted Cash Flow analysis, available quoted market price anddealer quotes and valuation report etc. the method of assessing fair valueresults in general approximation of value and such value may never actually berealized.
Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy basedon the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets orliabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observablefor the assets or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derivedfrom prices).
Level 3: Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable marketdata (unobservable inputs).
When measuring the fair value of an asset or liability, the company usesobservable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure thefair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair valuehierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in thesame level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significantto the entire measurement.
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standard or amendments to theexisting standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issuedfrom time to time. On March 23' 2022, MCA amended the Companies (IndianAccounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2022, applicable from April 1st'2022, asbelow:
The amendments specify that to qualify for recognition as part of applying theacquisition method, the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed must meetthe definitions of assets and liabilities in the Conceptual Framework for FinancialReporting under Indian Accounting Standards (Conceptual Framework) issued by theInstitute of Chartered Accountants of India at the acquisition date. These changes donot significantly change the requirements of Ind AS 103. The Company does not expectthe amendment to have any impact in its financial statements.
The amendments mainly prohibit an entity from deducting from the cost of property,plant & equipment amounts received from selling items produced while the companyis preparing the asset for its intended use. Instead, an entity will recognize such salesproceeds and related cost in profit or loss. The company does not expect theamendment to have any impact in its recognition of its property, plant and equipmentin its financial statements.
The amendments specify that the 'cost of fulfilling' a contract comprises the 'costs thatrelate directly to the contract'. Costs that related directly to a contract can either beincremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials)or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts. The amendmentis essentially a clarification and the Company does not expect The amendment to haveany significant impact in its financial statements.
The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes when it applies the '10%' testof Ind AS 109 in assessing whether to derecognize a financial liability. The Companydoes not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financialstatement.
The amendments remove the illustration of the reimbursement of leaseholdimprovements by the lessor in order to resolve any potential confusion regarding thetreatment of lease incentives that might arise because of how lease incentives weredescribed in that illustration. The Company does not expect the amendment to haveany significant impact in its financial statements.
Sensitivity Analysis:
Discount rate, Salary Escalation Rate and Withdrawal rate are significant actuarialassumptions. The change in the Present Value of Defined Benefit Obligation for a change of100 Basis Points from the assumed assumption is given below:
33. Segment information as per IND AS-108
Operating segment are components of the company whose operating results are regularlyreviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Market ("CODM") to make decisions aboutresources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance and for which discretefinancial information is available.
The Company is engaged primarily on the business of "Agro products" only, taking intoaccount the risks and returns, the organization structure and the internal reporting systems.All the operations of the Company are in India. All non-current assets of the Company arelocated in India.
Accordingly, there are no separate reportable segments as per IND AS 108- "Operatingsegments".
Fair Value Hierarchy
Level-1 Quoted Price (unadjusted) is active markets for identical assets or liabilities •
Level- 2 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level-1 that are observable for theasset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e.) derived from prices
Level-3 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level-1 that are based on non¬observable market data.
The following table presents fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities measured at fairvalue on a recurring basis as of March 31'2024
36. Financial risk management objective and policies
The Company's financial liabilities included Loan and borrowing, security deposits, retentionmoney and Trade & other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to financethe Company's operations. The Company's financial assets included investments, trade &other receivables, deposits and cash & cash equivalents.
The Company's overall risk management programme focuses on the unpredictability offinancial markets and seeks to minimize potential adverse effects on the Company's financialperformance. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge certain riskexposures. The Company does not acquire or issue derivative financial instruments for tradingor speculative purposes.
The Company's activities expose it to Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, Market Risk, and Equity PriceRise. The Company has a Risk Management Policy and its management is supported by a RiskManagement Committee that advises on risks and the appropriate financial risk governanceframework for the company. The Risk Management Committee provides assurance to theCompany's management that the Company's risk activities are governed by appropriatepolicies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed inaccordance with the Company's policies and risk objectives. The Broad of Directors reviewsand agrees policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarized below.
A. Credit Risk- A risk that counterparty may not meet its obligations under a financialinstrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss is defined as Credit Risk.The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating and financial activities.
Customer credit risk is managed by the respective marketing department subject tothe Company's established policy, procedure and control relating to customer's creditrisk management. The Company reviews the creditworthiness of these customers onan on-going basis. The company estimates the expected credit loss on the basis ofpast data, experience and policy laid down in this respect. The maximum exposure tothe credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of the trade receivablesdisclosed in Note 7 (Seven) as the Company does not hold any collateral as security.The Company has a practice to provide for doubtful debts as per its approved policy.
An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis. Thecalculation is based on historical data of credit losses.
B. Liquidity Risk- A risk that the Company may not be able to settle or meet itsobligations at a reasonable price is defined as liquidity risks. The Company's treasurydepartment is responsible for managing liquidity, funding as well as settlementmanagement. In addition, processes and policies related to such risks are overseen bysenior management. Management monitors the Company's net liquidity positionthrough rolling forecasts on the basis of expected cash flows.
The Company's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding andflexibility through the use of cash credits, Term Loans among others.
C. Market Risk- A risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrumentsmay fluctuate because of changes in market prices is defined as Marketing Risk. Suchchanges in the value of financial instruments may result from changes in the foreigncurrency exchange rates, interest rates, credit, liquidity and other market changes.
i. Foreign Currency Risk: A risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a forexexposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates is definedas Foreign Currency Risk. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes inforeign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company's import and foreigncurrency loan/ derivatives operating activities. The Company, as per its riskmanagement policy, uses foreign exchange and other derivative instrumentsprimarily to hedge foreign exchange exposure. The management monitors theforeign exchange fluctuations on a continuous basis.
Derivative instruments and un-hedged foreign currency exposure:
The Company does not enter into any derivative instruments for trading orspeculative purposes.
37. Capital Management
The Company's objective when managing capital (defined as net debt and equity) is tosafeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns toshareholders and benefits for other shareholders, while protecting and strengthening theBalance Sheet through the appropriate balance of debt and equity funding. The Companymanages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in taking into consideration theeconomic conditions and strategic objectives of the Company.
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued capital, sharepremium and all other equity reserves. Net debt includes, interest bearing loans andborrowings, trade and other payables less cash and short term deposits.
In order to achieve this overall objective, the Company's capital management, amongst otherthings, aims to ensure that it meets financial covenants attached to the interest-bearing loansand borrowings that define capital structure requirements. Breaches in meeting the financialcovenants would permit the bank to immediately call loans and borrowings. There have beenno branches of the financial covenants of any interest- bearing loans and borrowings forreported periods.
38. There are no amounts due and outstanding to be credited to Investor Education &Protection Fund as on March 31'2024.
39. Even after the Reporting Period
There have been no even after the reporting date the required disclosure in financialstatements.
40. Additional Disclosure:
a) The Company has not revalued its Property, Plant & Equipment accordinglydisclosure as to whether the revaluation is based on the valuation by aregistered valuer as defined under rule 2 of the Companies (Registered Valuersand Valuation) Rules,2017 is not applicable to the Company.
b) During the year, the Company has not granted any Loans or Advances in thenature of loans which are either repayable on demand or without specifyingany terms or period of repayment to promoters, directors and KMPs eitherseverally or jointly with any other person.
c) No proceedings have been initiated or pending against the company for holdingany benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act,1988 (45of 1988) and the rules thereunder, the company for the financial year 2023¬24.
d) The Company has been taken borrowings from banks or financial institutionson the basis of security of current assets. The quarterly returns or statementof current assets filed by the Company with such banks or financial institutionsare generally in agreement with the unaudited books of account of theCompany of the respective quarters.
e) The Company has not been declared as willful defaulter by bank or financialinstitution or other lender.
f) The Company has any not entered into any transaction with the Companieswhich are struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act,2013 or section560 of Companies Act, 1956 during the financial year ended on 31.03.2024.
g) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to beregistered with Registrar of Companies beyond the statutory period.
h) The Company does not have any investment through more than two layers ofinvestment companies as per section 2(87) (d) and section 186 of theCompanies Act,2013.
i) During the year Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds (eitherborrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) toany other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries)with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that theIntermediary shall
A. Directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified
in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (UltimateBeneficiaries) or .
B. Provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of theUltimate Beneficiaries of the Company.
j) During the year Company has not received any fund from any person(s) orentity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding(whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the company shall
A. Directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identifiedin any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party(Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
B. Provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the UltimateBeneficiaries. •
k) The Company does not have such transaction which are not recorded in thebooks of accounts during the year and also there are not such unrecordedincome and related assets related to earlier years which have been recorded inthe books of account during the year.
l) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currencyduring the financial year.
42. Previous year figures are regrouped and reclassified to make them comparable with INDAS presentation.
43. The above financial statements have been reviewed by the audit Committee andsubsequently approved by the Board of Directors at its meeting held on 29th May'2024.
Seal:
Chartered AccountantsFRN. No. 000483C
Sd/-
Srabana Bhattacharyya
Place: Kolkata Membership No. 062118
Date: 29th May 2024 Partner