I) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingentassets Provisions
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event,the Company has a present legal or constructiveobligation that can be estimated reliably, and it isprobable that an outflow of economic benefits willbe required to settle the obligation. If the effectof the time value of money is material, provisionsare determined by discounting the expected futurecash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects currentmarket assessments of the time value of money andthe risks specific to the liability. Where discountingis used, the increase in the provision due to thepassage of time is recognized as a finance cost.
Contingent liabilities
A disclosure for a contingent liability is made whenthere is a possible obligation or a present obligationthat may, but probably will not, require an outflow ofresources. Where there is a possible obligation or apresent obligation in respect of which the likelihoodof outflow of resources is remote, no provision ordisclosure is made.
Contingent assets
Contingent assets are not recognized in the financialstatements. However, contingent assets areassessed continually and if it is virtually certain thatan inflow of economic benefits will arise, the assetand related income are recognized in the period inwhich the change occurs.
J) Revenue Recognition
Revenue from contracts with customers
Revenue is recognized when the Companysubstantially satisfied its performance obligationwhile transferring a promised good or service to itscustomers. The Company considers the terms ofthe contract and its customary business practicesto determine the transaction price. Performanceobligations are satisfied at the point of time whenthe customer obtains controls of the asset.
Revenue is measured based on transaction price,which is the fair value of the consideration receivedor receivable, stated net of discounts, returns andvalue added tax. Transaction price is recognisedbased on the price specified in the contract, netof the estimated sales incentives / discounts.Accumulated experience is used to estimate andprovide for the discounts/ right of return, using theexpected value method.
Other IncomeInterest
Interest Income mainly comprises of dividendand interest on Margin money deposit with banksrelating to bank guarantee. Interest income shouldbe recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR).However, the amount of margin money depositsrelating to bank guarantee are purely current innature, hence effective interest rate has notbeen applied. Interest is recognized using the time-proportion method, based on rates implicit in thetransactions.
Dividend
Dividend income is recognized when the Company'sright to receive dividend is established.
K) Government Grants
Government grants are assistance by governmentin the form of transfers of resources to an entityin return for past or future compliance with certainconditions relating to the operating activities of theentity. They exclude those forms of governmentassistance which cannot reasonably have a valueplaced upon them and transactions with governmentwhich cannot be distinguished from the normaltrading transactions of the entity.
Grants related to assets are government grantswhose primary condition is that an entity qualifyingfor them should purchase, construct or otherwiseacquire long- term assets. Subsidiary conditionsmay also be attached restricting the type or locationof the assets or the periods during which they are tobe acquired or held.
Grants related to income are government grantsother than those related to assets.
A government grant that becomes receivable ascompensation for expenses or losses already incurredor for the purpose of giving immediate financialsupport to the entity with no future related costsshall be recognised in profit or loss of the period inwhich it becomes receivable.
Export incentives in the form of RoDTEP scheme andpower subsidy receivable by the company do not fallunder the scope of Ind AS 115 and are accountedfor in accordance with the provisions of Ind AS20 considering such incentives as GovernmentAssistance. Accordingly, government grant relatingto Income on account of power subsidy is recognisedon accrual basis in Profit and Loss statement andexport incentive in the form of RoDTEP schemewill be accounted on cash basis in Profit and Lossstatement.
L) Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs consist of interest, ancillaryand other costs that the Company incurs inconnection with the borrowing of funds and interestrelating to other financial liabilities. Borrowingcost also include Exchange differences arisingfrom foreign currency borrowings to the extentthat they are regarded as an adjustment to interestcosts. Borrowing costs directly attributable to theacquisition, construction or production of an assetthat necessarily takes a substantial period of time toget ready for its intended use or sale are capitalizedas part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowingcosts are expensed in the period in which they occur.
M) Tax Expenses
Tax expense consists of current and deferred tax.Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities aremeasured at the amount expected to be recoveredfrom or paid to the taxation authorities. The taxrates and tax laws used to compute the amount arethose that are enacted or substantively enacted, atthe reporting date. Current income tax relating toitems recognised outside the statement of profitand loss (either in OCI or in equity in correlationto the underlying transaction). Managementperiodically evaluates positions taken in the taxreturns with respect to situations in which applicabletax regulations are subject to interpretation andestablishes provisions, where appropriate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability methodon temporary differences between the tax bases ofassets and liabilities and their carrying amounts forfinancial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognizedfor all taxable temporary differences and deductibletemporary differences.
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extentthat it is probable that taxable profit will be availableagainst which the deductible temporary differences,and the carry forward of unused tax credits andunused tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets isreviewed at each reporting date and reduced to theextent that it is no longer probable that sufficienttaxable profit will be available to allow all or part ofthe deferred tax asset to be utilised.
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessedat each reporting date and are recognised to theextent that it has become probable that futuretaxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to berecovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured atthe tax rates that are expected to apply in the periodwhen the asset is realised or the liability is settled,based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have beenenacted or substantively enacted at the reportingdate.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outsidethe statement of profit and loss is (either in OCI or inequity in correlation to the underlying transaction).
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities areoffset if a legally enforceable right exists to set offcurrent tax assets against current tax liabilities andthe deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entityand the same taxation authority.
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year ischarged to the statement of profit and loss as currenttax for the year. The deferred tax asset is recognisedfor MAT credit available only to the extent that it isprobable that the Company will pay normal incometax during the specified year, i.e., the year forwhich MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward.In the year in which the Company recognizes MATcredit as an asset, it is created by way of credit tothe statement of profit and loss and shown aspart of deferred tax asset. The Company reviews the"MAT credit entitlement" asset at each reporting dateand writes down the asset to the extent that it is nolonger probable that it will pay normal tax during thespecified period.
Goods and Service Tax (GST) paid on acquisition ofassets or on incurring expenses
When the tax incurred on purchase of assets orservices is not recoverable from the taxationauthority, the tax paid is recognised as part of the
cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of theexpense item, as applicable. Otherwise, expensesand assets are recognized net of the amount oftaxes paid. The net amount of tax recoverable from,or payable to, the taxation authority is included aspart of receivables or payables in the balance sheet.
N) Leases
The Company assesses at contract inceptionwhether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is,if the contract conveys the right to control the use ofan identified asset for a period of time in exchangefor consideration.
The Company as a lessee
The Company applies a single recognition andmeasurement approach for all leases, except forshort-term leases and leases of low-value assets.The Company recognises lease liabilities to makelease payments and right-of-use assets representingthe right to use the underlying assets.
Right-of-use assets
The Company recognises right-of-use assets atthe commencement date of the lease (i.e., the datethe underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-useassets are measured at cost, less any accumulateddepreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted forany remeasurement of lease liabilities.
The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amountof lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costsincurred, and lease payments made at or beforethe commencement date less any lease incentivesreceived.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight¬line basis over the shorter of the lease term and theestimated useful lives of the assets. If ownership ofthe leased asset transfers to the Company at the endof the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise ofa purchase option, depreciation is calculated usingthe estimated useful life of the asset.
The right-of-use assets are also subject toimpairment. Refer to the accounting policies insection of Impairment of non-financial assets.
Lease liabilities
At the commencement date of the lease, the Companyrecognises lease liabilities measured at the presentvalue of lease payments to be made over the leaseterm. The lease payments include fixed payments(including in- substance fixed payments) less any
lease incentives receivable, variable lease paymentsthat depend on an index or a rate, and amountsexpected to be paid under residual value guarantees.The lease payments also include the exercise priceof a purchase option reasonably certain to beexercised by the Company and payments of penaltiesfor terminating the lease, if the lease term reflectsthe Variable lease payments that do not depend onan index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unlessthey are incurred to produce inventories) in the periodin which the event or condition that triggers thepayment occurs.
In calculating the present value of lease payments,the Company uses its incremental borrowingrate at the lease commencement date becausethe interest rate implicit in the lease is not readilydeterminable. After the commencement date, theamount of lease liabilities is increased to reflectthe accretion of interest and reduced for the leasepayments made. In addition, the carrying amountof lease liabilities is remeasured if there is amodification, a change in the lease term, a change inthe lease payments (e.g., changes to future paymentsresulting from a change in an index or rate used todetermine such lease payments) or a change in theassessment of an option to purchase the underlyingasset. The Company's lease liabilities are included inBorrowings.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Company applies the short-term leaserecognition exemption to its short-term leases(i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12months or less from the commencement date anddo not contain a purchase option). It also appliesthe lease of low-value assets recognition exemptionto leases that are considered to be of low value.Lease payments on short-term leases and leasesof low-value assets are recognised as expense on astraight-line basis over the lease term.
O) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividingthe net profit or loss for the year attributable to equityshareholders (after deducting preference dividendsand attributable taxes) by the weighted averagenumber of equity shares outstanding during the year.
The weighted average number of equity sharesoutstanding during the year is adjusted for eventssuch as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue,share split, and reverse share split (consolidation
of shares) that have changed the number of equityshares outstanding, without a corresponding changein resources.
Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividingthe profit (considered in determination of basicearnings per share) after considering the effect ofinterest and other financing costs or income (net ofattributable taxes) associated with dilutive potentialequity shares by the weighted average number ofequity shares considered for deriving basic earningsper share adjusted for the weighted average numberof equity shares that would have been issued uponconversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
P) Trade receivables
Trade receivables are initially recognized at fairvalue and subsequently measured at amortised costusing effective interest method, less provision forimpairment, if any.
Q) Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods andservices provided to the Company prior to the endof the financial year which are unpaid. The amountsare unsecured and are presented as current liabilitiesunless payment is not due within twelve months afterthe reporting period. They are recognized initially atfair value and subsequently measured at amortizedcost using the effective interest method.
R) Segment Reporting
The operations of the Company primarily relate to asingle business segment - Coffee and Coffee-relatedproducts.The Company also has an FMCG ProductsDivision, which encompasses packaged food andbeverage items. However, in accordance with therequirements of Indian Accounting Standard (IndAS) 108 - Operating Segments, the FMCG ProductsDivision does not meet the prescribed quantitativethresholds for separate reporting as a distinctsegment. As a result, the segmental reporting is notapplicable to the Company and hence the segment-wise financial information has not been presented inthe financial statements.
S) Determination of fair values
The Company's accounting policies and disclosuresrequire the determination of fair value, for certainfinancial and non-financial assets and liabilities.Fair values have been determined for measurementand/or disclosure purposes based on the following
methods. When applicable, further information aboutthe assumptions made in determining fair valuesis disclosed in the notes specific to that asset orliability. A fair value measurement of a non-financialasset takes into account a market participant's abilityto generate economic benefits by using the asset inits highest and best use or by selling it to anothermarket participant that would use the asset in itshighest and best use.
i. Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, if acquired in abusiness combination or through an exchangeof non-monetary assets, is measured at fairvalue on the acquisition date. For this purpose,fair value is based on appraised market valuesand replacement cost.
ii. Intangible assets
The fair value of brands, technology relatedintangibles, and patents and trademarksacquired in a business combination is based onthe discounted estimated royalty payments thathave been avoided as a result of these brands,technology related intangibles, patents ortrademarks being owned (the "relief of royaltymethod"). The fair value of customer related,product related and other intangibles acquiredin a business combination has been determinedusing the multi- period excess earnings methodafter deduction of a fair return on other assetsthat are part of creating the related cash flows.
iii. Inventories
The fair value of inventories acquired in abusiness combination is determined basedon its estimated selling price in the ordinarycourse of business less the estimated costsof completion and sale, and a reasonable profitmargin based on the effort required to completeand sell the inventories.
iv. I nvestments in equity and debt securities andunits of mutual funds
The fair value of marketable equity and debtsecurities is determined by reference to theirquoted market price at the reporting date. Fordebt securities where quoted market pricesare not available, fair value is determined usingpricing techniques such as discounted cashflow analysis.
I n respect of investments in mutual funds, thefair values represent net asset value as statedby the issuers of these mutual fund units inthe published statements. Net asset valuesrepresent the price at which the issuer will issuefurther units in the mutual fund and the price atwhich issuers will redeem such units from theinvestors.
Accordingly, such net asset values areanalogous to fair market value with respect tothese investments, as transactions of thesemutual funds are carried out at such pricesbetween investors and the issuers of theseunits of mutual funds.
v. Derivatives
The fair value of foreign exchange forwardcontracts is estimated by discounting thedifference between the contractual forwardprice and the current forward price for theresidual maturity of the contract using a risk¬free interest rate (based on government bonds).The fair value of foreign currency option andswap contracts and interest rate swap contractsis determined based on the appropriatevaluation techniques, considering the terms ofthe contract.
vi. Non-derivative financial liabilities
Fair value, which is determined for disclosurepurposes, is calculated based on the presentvalue of future principal and interest cash flows,discounted at the market rate of interest at thereporting date. For finance leases the market rateof interest is determined by reference to similarlease agreements. In respect of the Company'sborrowings that have floating rates of interest,their fair value approximates carrying value.
T) New standards adopted by the Company
Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Restated financialinformation
The amendments require companies to disclosetheir material accounting policies rather than theirsignificant accounting policies. Accounting policyinformation, together with other information, ismaterial when it can reasonably be expected toinfluence decisions of primary users of generalpurpose financial statements. The Company doesnot expect this amendment to have any significantimpact in its standalone financial statement.
Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes
The amendments clarify how companiesaccount for deferred tax on transactions such asleases and decommissioning obligations. Theamendments narrowed the scope of the recognitionexemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12(recognition exemption) so that it no longer appliesto transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise toequal taxable and deductible temporary differences.The Company does not expect this amendmentto have any significant impact in its standalonefinancial statements.
Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in AccountingEstimates and Errors
The amendments will help entities to distinguishbetween accounting policies and accountingestimates. The definition of a change in accountingestimates has been replaced with a definition ofaccounting estimates. Under the new definition,accounting estimates are "monetary amounts infinancial statements that are subject to measurementuncertainty". Entities develop accounting estimatesif accounting policies require items in Restatedfinancial information to be measured in a way thatinvolves measurement uncertainty. The Companydoes not expect this amendment to have anysignificant impact in its standalone financialstatements.
U) New Accounting pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies newstandards or amendments to the existing standardsunder Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Rules as issued from time to time. For the year endedMarch 31, 2026, MCA has not notified any newstandards or amendments to the existing standardsapplicable to the Company.
(iv) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having a face value of ' 2/- each. Each holder of equity share is entitled toone vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian Rupees. Payment of dividend is also made in foreigncurrency to shareholders outside India. The final dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval ofthe shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, all preferential amounts, if any, shall be discharged by the Company. The remainingassets of the Company shall be distributed to the holders of equity shares in proportion to the number of shares held to thetotal equity shares outstanding as on that date.
The Company has not opted for the concessional tax regime under Section 115BAA of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The income taxexpense has been measured using the tax rates applicable under the normal provisions of the Act, including Minimum AlternateTax (MAT) under Section 115JB for the years ended 31 March 2026 and 31 March 2025. Details of the major components of taxexpense and the reconciliation of expected tax expense with the reported tax expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss aregiven in the table below:
2.29 LeasesLeases as lessee
The Company has lease arrangements for its office premises located at various locations within India. These leases have originalterms for a period between 2-10 periods with renewal option at the discretion of lessee. There are no residual value guaranteesprovided to the third parties.
The Company has a defined benefit gratuity plan, according to which every employee who has completed five periods or moreof service gets a gratuity on departure at 15 days salary (last drawn salary) for each completed period of service (service of sixmonths and above is rounded off as one period) after deduction of necessary taxes at the time of retirement / exit, restricted to asum of '2 million in accordance with Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The following tables summarize the reconciliation of openingand closing balances of the present value and defined benefit obligation:
The fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities are included at an amount at which the instruments could be exchangedin a current transaction between the willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
2.34 Financial risk management objectives and policiesFinancial Risk Management Framework
The Company is exposed to financial risks arising from its operations and the use of financial instruments. The key financial risksinclude credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analysethe risks faced by the Company and seek to, where appropriate, minimize potential impact of the risk and to control and monitorsuch risks. There has been no change to the Company's exposure to these financial risks or the manner in which it manages andmeasures the risks.
The following sections provide details regarding the Company's exposure to the financial risks associated with financialinstruments held in the ordinary course of business and the objectives, policies and processes for management of these risks.
(i) Credit risk
Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to afinancial loss. Credit risk encompasses of both, the direct risk of default and the risk of deterioration of creditworthiness as wellas concentration of risks. Credit risk arises primarily from financial assets such as trade receivables, balances with banks andloan and other receivables.
Credit risk is controlled by analysing credit limits and creditworthiness of customers on a continuous basis to whom the credithas been granted after obtaining necessary approvals for credit. Financial instruments that are subject to concentrations of creditrisk principally consist of trade receivables, cash and bank balances and loans. None of the financial instruments of the Companyresult in material concentration of credit risk.
Exposure to credit risk
At the end of the reporting period, the Company's maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of eachclass of financial assets recognised in the statement of financial position. No other financial assets carry a significant exposureto credit risk.
None of the Company's cash equivalents, loans and other financial assets were either past due or impaired as at the respectivereporting period. The Company has diversified its portfolio of investment in cash and cash equivalents and term deposits withvarious banks which have secure credit ratings, hence the risk is reduced. Loans given to related parties and others are tested forimpairment where there is an indicator and the assessed credit risk associated with such loans is relatively low. Other financialassets represent security deposits given to lessors and other assets. Credit risk associated with such deposits and other assetsis relatively low.
Ind AS requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company assesses at each balance sheetdate whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets are impaired. Expected credit losses are measured at an amountequal to the 12 month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on thefinancial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. The Company has used a practical expedient by computing theexpected credit loss allowance for trade receivables based on a provision matrix if they are past due. The provision matrix takesinto account historical credit loss experience and is adjusted for forward-looking information.
(ii) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk refers to the risk that the Company cannot meet its financial obligations. The objective of liquidity risk managementis to maintain sufficient liquidity and ensure that funds are available for use as per requirements. The Company manages liquidityrisk by maintaining cash and cash equivalents and the cash flows generated from operations.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on contractual undiscountedpayments:
(iii) Market risk:
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates and interest rates will affect the Company'sincome. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments including foreign currency receivables andpayables. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters,while optimising the return.
(a) Foreign currency risk:
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. Themajority of Company's revenue is generated in foreign currencies (primarily in United States Dollars), while a significant portionof its costs are in Indian rupees. As a result, as the rupee appreciates or depreciates against foreign currencies, the results of theentity's operations are impacted. The Company does not use financial derivatives such as foreign currency forward contracts.
(b) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of the Company and the Company's financial instrumentswill fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily tothe floating interest rate borrowings. The Company's investment in deposits with banks and loans are fixed interest rates andtherefore do not expose the Company to significant interest rate risk.
The Company's exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Company's outstanding floating rate borrowings. Theexposure of the Company to variable rate borrowings at the end of the reporting period are as follows:
Interest rate sensitivity
The Company noted that any reasonably possible change in interest rates on the variable rate instruments will not have anymaterial impact on the Company's profit after tax and its equity.
(c ) Price risk
The fair value of some of the Company's investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income exposesthe Company to equity price risks. These investments are subject to changes in the market price of securities. The Companyperiodically monitors the sectors it has invested in, performance of the investee companies, measures mark- to- market gains/losses and reviews the same to manage the price risk.
2.35 Capital risk management
Capital includes equity capital and all reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Company. The primary objective of thecapital management is to ensure that it maintain an efficient capital structure and healthy capital ratios in order to support itsbusiness and maximise shareholder's value. The Company manages its capital structure and make adjustments to it, in lightof changes in economic conditions or its business requirements. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company mayadjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.
The Company monitors capital using a debt to capital employed ratio which is debt divided by total capital plus debt. TheCompany's policy is to keep this ratio at an optimal level.
2.37 Additional disclosures
(i) No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company for holding benami property under the BenamiTransactions Prohibition Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules made thereunder.
(ii) The Company have not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any governmentauthority.
(iii) No transactions are carried out with companies struck off under Section 248 of the Act or Section 560 of Companies Act,1956.
(iv) The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013.
(v) There is no income surrendered or disclosed as income during the current or previous year in the tax assessments under theIncome Tax Act, 1961, that has not been recorded in the books of account.
(vi) The Company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the current or previous year.
(vii) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities(Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of theCompany (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(viii) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with theunderstanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of theFunding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(ix) There are no charges or satisfaction which are yet to be registered with the registrar of companies beyond the statutoryperiod.
(x) Previous period's figures have been regrouped / rearranged, to the extent necessary, to conform to current period'sclassifications. All the numbers have been rounded of to nearest lakhs.
2.38 The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has prescribed a new requirement for companies under the proviso to Rule 3(1)of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 inserted by the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules 2021 requiring companies,which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has afeature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in the books of accountalong with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled.
The Company, in respect of financial year commencing on 1 April 2023 has used an accounting software for maintaining its booksof account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log). Audit trail (edit log) is enabled at the application level, and theCompany's users have access to perform transactions only from the application level.
2.39 Employee stock incentive plansCCL Employee Stock Option Scheme, 2022 (CCL ESOP 2022 Plan):
The Company instituted the CCL ESOP 2022 Plan for eligible employees pursuant to the special resolution approved by theshareholders in the Annual General Meeting held on August 30, 2022. The CCL ESOP 2022 Plan covers eligible employees(excluding promoter directors) of the parent company and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as "eligible employees").
The Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of the parent company (the "Committee") administers the CCLEmployee Stock Option Scheme, 2022 and grants stock options to eligible employees. The Committee determines which eligibleemployees will receive options, the number of options to be granted, the exercise price, the vesting period and the exercise period.The vesting period is determined for all options issued on the date of grant. The options issued under the CCL ESOP 2022 Planvest in periods ranging between one and four years subject to a maximum period of five years from the date of grant of suchoptions.
The company has established CCL Employee Stock Option Scheme, 2022 (CCL ESOP 2022 Plan) with 5,00,000 equity shares.
The exercise price of the options is INR 2 per share. The fair value of the share options is estimated at the grant date using a Black-Scholes Method, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the share options were granted. However, the aboveperformance condition is only considered in determining the number of instruments that will ultimately vest.
The carrying amount of the liability at 31 March 2026 was INR 2,327.46 Lakhs (31 March 2025: INR 2,273.19 Lakhs).
The expense recognised for employee services received during the year is shown in the following table:
During the year a reserve was made towards outstanding of ESOPs and Share based payment expenses for the year ended 31March 2026 of INR 2,327.46 lakhs (31 March 2025 - INR 2273.19 lakhs).
The Weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted during the years ended 31 March 2026 was INR 560.53 peroption, 31 March 2025 was INR 616.03 per option .
The following tables list the inputs to the models used for the three plans for the years ended 31 March 2026 and 31 March 2025,respectively: